{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111242088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","title":"Exendin(9-39)amide is an antagonist of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide in humans.","display_name":"Exendin(9-39)amide is an antagonist of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide in humans.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111242088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","mag":"2111242088","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9525985","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/508720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1172/jci1349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114430552","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","issn_l":"0021-9738","issn":["0021-9738","1558-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320279","host_organization_name":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Clinical Investigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC508720","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111415913","display_name":"J\u00f6rg R. J. Schirra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-2791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6887-2791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161103922","display_name":"Philipps University of Marburg","ror":"https://ror.org/01rdrb571","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Schirra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Research Unit for Gastrointestinal Endocrinology and Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Philipps University, 35033 Marburg, Germany. schirra@mailer.uni-marburg.de","Clinical Research Unit for Gastrointestinal Endocrinology and Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Philipps University, 35033 Marburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Research Unit for Gastrointestinal Endocrinology and Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Philipps University, 35033 Marburg, Germany. schirra@mailer.uni-marburg.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Research Unit for Gastrointestinal Endocrinology and Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Philipps University, 35033 Marburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161103922"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023525127","display_name":"Kerstin Sturm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Sturm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063256048","display_name":"P Leicht","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Leicht","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109944301","display_name":"R. Arnold","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Arnold","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113682553","display_name":"Burkhard G\u00f6ke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B G\u00f6ke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052240558","display_name":"Martin Katschinski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Katschinski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":5200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":262,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94932282,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"101","issue":"7","first_page":"1421","last_page":"1430"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10401","display_name":"Diabetes Treatment and Management","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.027300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucagon-like-peptide-1-7-36-amide","display_name":"glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide","display_name":"glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-secretion","display_name":"insulin secretion","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucagon-secretion","display_name":"glucagon secretion","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postprandial-hyperglycemia","display_name":"postprandial hyperglycemia","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic-clamp","display_name":"hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incretin-hormones","display_name":"incretins","score":0.39500001072883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778199505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2992990","display_name":"Postprandial","level":3,"score":0.8858799338340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776398474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424611","display_name":"Glucagon-like peptide-1","level":4,"score":0.744767427444458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7215692400932312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.709749698638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26291073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310484","display_name":"Ex vivo","level":3,"score":0.6992861032485962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245204","display_name":"Antagonist","level":3,"score":0.6924874782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778563252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170617","display_name":"Glucagon","level":3,"score":0.6446335315704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.5797545313835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.5300471782684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777951760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5526842","display_name":"Gastrointestinal hormone","level":4,"score":0.5219337940216064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5088320374488831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776768635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3427301","display_name":"Volunteer","level":2,"score":0.4986701011657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776129832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22677256","display_name":"Gastric inhibitory polypeptide","level":4,"score":0.46377840638160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56191518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416997","display_name":"Peptide hormone","level":3,"score":0.36801856756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.33795273303985596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.3002151846885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.26873070001602173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.25839853286743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.20665860176086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.17551735043525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.1635042428970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.11036819219589233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067757","descriptor_name":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002096","descriptor_name":"C-Peptide","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005934","descriptor_name":"Glucagon","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005934","descriptor_name":"Glucagon","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005947","descriptor_name":"Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010446","descriptor_name":"Peptide Fragments","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011498","descriptor_name":"Protein Precursors","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011498","descriptor_name":"Protein Precursors","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018027","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Glucagon","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D052216","descriptor_name":"Glucagon-Like Peptide 1","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1172/jci1349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1172/jci1349","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114430552","display_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","issn_l":"0021-9738","issn":["0021-9738","1558-8238"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320279","host_organization_name":"American Society for Clinical Investigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Clinical Investigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Clinical Investigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:958768","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC508720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:508720","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/508720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Invest","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:9525985","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9525985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical investigation","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.831.8416","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.831.8416","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dm5migu4zj3pb.cloudfront.net/manuscripts/1000/1349/JCI9801349.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:958768","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC508720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W160591056","https://openalex.org/W1558182564","https://openalex.org/W1909310469","https://openalex.org/W1969932276","https://openalex.org/W1972534040","https://openalex.org/W1982133101","https://openalex.org/W1983772639","https://openalex.org/W2000465889","https://openalex.org/W2002147281","https://openalex.org/W2013055249","https://openalex.org/W2013082477","https://openalex.org/W2016147073","https://openalex.org/W2022101780","https://openalex.org/W2035530115","https://openalex.org/W2038124967","https://openalex.org/W2041442731","https://openalex.org/W2044511675","https://openalex.org/W2047254053","https://openalex.org/W2050046962","https://openalex.org/W2065492264","https://openalex.org/W2068493064","https://openalex.org/W2071202016","https://openalex.org/W2074956966","https://openalex.org/W2080128749","https://openalex.org/W2080959651","https://openalex.org/W2086238197","https://openalex.org/W2086568807","https://openalex.org/W2098327527","https://openalex.org/W2104723919","https://openalex.org/W2105912552","https://openalex.org/W2124831863","https://openalex.org/W2125036135","https://openalex.org/W2140028017","https://openalex.org/W2142903571","https://openalex.org/W2148632005","https://openalex.org/W2155633307","https://openalex.org/W2156627717","https://openalex.org/W2161923520","https://openalex.org/W2164609252","https://openalex.org/W2262813260","https://openalex.org/W2276806551","https://openalex.org/W2412223879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146581079","https://openalex.org/W2009688668","https://openalex.org/W7096038384","https://openalex.org/W2125036135","https://openalex.org/W7098671862","https://openalex.org/W2168737055","https://openalex.org/W4248494000","https://openalex.org/W2156627717","https://openalex.org/W3187234267","https://openalex.org/W2129546109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,11,320],"gastrointestinal":[1],"hormone,":[2],"glucagon-like":[3],"peptide-1(7-36)amide":[4],"(GLP-1)":[5],"is":[6,39,311,324,337],"released":[7],"after":[8],"a":[9,40,81,99,107,312,326,339],"meal.":[10],"potency":[12],"of":[13,30,45,54,59,66,84,92,102,111,113,213,226,236,250,253,264,270,287,330,343],"synthetic":[14],"GLP-1":[15,61,119,227,254,314],"in":[16,21,48,75,308],"stimulating":[17],"insulin":[18,288,294,302],"secretion":[19,24],"and":[20,42,62,136,182,255,278],"inhibiting":[22],"glucagon":[23,274],"indicates":[25],"the":[26,34,52,63,114,223,229,247,258,334],"putative":[27],"physiological":[28,64,132,251],"function":[29],"GLP-1.":[31,46,68,237,265,331,344],"In":[32,78],"vitro,":[33],"nonmammalian":[35],"peptide,":[36],"exendin(9-39)amide":[37],"[ex(9-39)NH2],":[38],"specific":[41],"competitive":[43],"antagonist":[44,58,315],"This":[47],"vivo":[49],"study":[50],"examined":[51],"efficacy":[53],"ex(9-39)NH2":[55,154,168,201,220,238,271,297,310],"as":[56],"an":[57,89],"exogenous":[60],"role":[65],"endogenous":[67],"Six":[69],"healthy":[70],"volunteers":[71],"underwent":[72],"10":[73],"experiments":[74],"random":[76],"order.":[77],"each":[79,212],"experiment,":[80],"30-min":[82],"period":[83],"euglycemia":[85,277,290],"was":[86,106],"followed":[87],"by":[88],"intravenous":[90,109],"infusion":[91,110],"glucose":[93],"for":[94,137,188],"150":[95],"min":[96,122,140,190],"that":[97,130,307],"established":[98,131],"stable":[100],"hyperglycemia":[101],"8":[103],"mmol/liter.":[104],"There":[105],"concomitant":[108,215],"one":[112],"following:":[115],"(1)":[116],"saline,":[117,180],"(2)":[118],"(for":[120],"60":[121,139,189],"at":[123,141,155,169,191,202,239,261],"0.3":[124],"pmol":[125,143,160,174,193,204,241],".":[126,128,144,146,161,163,175,177,194,196,205,207,242,244],"kg-1":[127,145,162,176,195,206,243],"min-1":[129,147,164,178,245],"postprandial":[133],"plasma":[134,151,273,285,293],"levels,":[135],"another":[138],"0.9":[142],"to":[148],"induce":[149],"supraphysiological":[150],"levels),":[152],"(3-5)":[153],"30,":[156,170],"60,":[157,171],"or":[158,172,200],"300":[159,173,203,240],"+":[165,179],"GLP-1,":[166],"(6-8)":[167],"(9":[181],"10)":[183],"GIP":[184],"(glucose-dependent":[185],"insulinotropic":[186,224,248],"peptide;":[187],"0.8":[192],"min-1,":[197],"with":[198,228,233],"saline":[199],"min-1).":[208],"Each":[209],"volunteer":[210],"received":[211],"these":[214],"infusions":[216],"on":[217,284],"separate":[218],"days.":[219],"dose-dependently":[221],"reduced":[222],"action":[225],"inhibitory":[230,328],"effect":[231,249,260,283],"declining":[232],"increasing":[234],"doses":[235,252,263],"blocked":[246],"completely":[256],"antagonized":[257],"glucagonostatic":[259],"both":[262],"Given":[266],"alone,":[267],"this":[268],"load":[269],"increased":[272],"levels":[275,286],"during":[276,289,295],"hyperglycemia.":[279,296],"It":[280],"had":[281],"no":[282],"but":[291],"decreased":[292],"did":[298],"not":[299],"alter":[300],"GIP-stimulated":[301],"secretion.":[303],"These":[304],"data":[305],"indicate":[306],"humans,":[309],"potent":[313],"without":[316],"any":[317],"agonistic":[318],"properties.":[319],"pancreatic":[321],"A":[322],"cell":[323,336],"under":[325,338],"tonic":[327,340],"control":[329,342],"At":[332],"hyperglycemia,":[333],"B":[335],"stimulatory":[341]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}