{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109980449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-005974929","title":"Aid Allocation by German NGOs: Does the Degree of Public Refinancing Matter?","display_name":"Aid Allocation by German NGOs: Does the Degree of Public Refinancing Matter?","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109980449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-005974929","mag":"2109980449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2109980449","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:683/eth-683-01.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/29150","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035683065","display_name":"Axel Dreher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-3599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-3599"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dreher, Axel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077076385","display_name":"Peter Nunnenkamp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-3466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-3466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308524038","display_name":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy","ror":"https://ror.org/032yym934","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nunnenkamp, Peter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001632395","display_name":"Susann Thiel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308524038","display_name":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy","ror":"https://ror.org/032yym934","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thiel, Susann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005205131","display_name":"Rainer Thiele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-6851","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-6851"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308524038","display_name":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy","ror":"https://ror.org/032yym934","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038","https://openalex.org/I315704651"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thiele, Rainer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kiel Institute for the World Economy\u2028","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308524038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"247","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11168","display_name":"International Development and Aid","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11120","display_name":"Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13938","display_name":"Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aid-targeting","display_name":"aid targeting","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herding-behavior","display_name":"herding behavior","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-effects","display_name":"peer effects","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177605951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1484503","display_name":"Herding","level":2,"score":0.7180614471435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.7058641910552979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166866094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307251","display_name":"Tobit model","level":2,"score":0.6664685606956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.6374818086624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.5633106231689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4451260268688202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44446563720703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.42944175004959106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.42045342922210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.41919466853141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3203713893890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.310955286026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22727027535438538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.14750394225120544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.14526689052581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10780352354049683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.09052437543869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2109980449","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch/eserv/eth:683/eth-683-01.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/50367","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/50367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:workingPaper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/29150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/29150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"KOF Working Papers, 247","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-a-005974929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-005974929","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-005974929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/29150","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/29150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"KOF Working Papers, 247","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.75},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W118400120","https://openalex.org/W179063987","https://openalex.org/W208627461","https://openalex.org/W616589127","https://openalex.org/W1486655157","https://openalex.org/W1489890689","https://openalex.org/W1490362255","https://openalex.org/W1502716052","https://openalex.org/W1506206603","https://openalex.org/W1509908751","https://openalex.org/W1511162902","https://openalex.org/W1516069928","https://openalex.org/W1527947709","https://openalex.org/W1541257683","https://openalex.org/W1552733558","https://openalex.org/W1560298940","https://openalex.org/W1568095464","https://openalex.org/W1571631106","https://openalex.org/W1576114347","https://openalex.org/W1731461941","https://openalex.org/W1934649023","https://openalex.org/W1961520485","https://openalex.org/W1971651189","https://openalex.org/W1971698329","https://openalex.org/W1976080252","https://openalex.org/W1995209556","https://openalex.org/W1998384480","https://openalex.org/W2021666721","https://openalex.org/W2021838730","https://openalex.org/W2025895530","https://openalex.org/W2031604551","https://openalex.org/W2043579084","https://openalex.org/W2049350168","https://openalex.org/W2052012342","https://openalex.org/W2073744659","https://openalex.org/W2081908771","https://openalex.org/W2090540328","https://openalex.org/W2092081420","https://openalex.org/W2096666093","https://openalex.org/W2097728851","https://openalex.org/W2102558492","https://openalex.org/W2119354377","https://openalex.org/W2119907855","https://openalex.org/W2121399639","https://openalex.org/W2128823216","https://openalex.org/W2129203888","https://openalex.org/W2130451669","https://openalex.org/W2131627429","https://openalex.org/W2131848553","https://openalex.org/W2132340558","https://openalex.org/W2136092678","https://openalex.org/W2136866111","https://openalex.org/W2137125160","https://openalex.org/W2141122919","https://openalex.org/W2142197403","https://openalex.org/W2143507861","https://openalex.org/W2144010971","https://openalex.org/W2145867407","https://openalex.org/W2148502908","https://openalex.org/W2154225789","https://openalex.org/W2156329348","https://openalex.org/W2158321564","https://openalex.org/W2198141766","https://openalex.org/W2204917621","https://openalex.org/W2216799776","https://openalex.org/W2255644499","https://openalex.org/W2272648175","https://openalex.org/W2298156885","https://openalex.org/W3021507337","https://openalex.org/W3024569664","https://openalex.org/W3121556428","https://openalex.org/W3122187833","https://openalex.org/W3122262241","https://openalex.org/W3122695987","https://openalex.org/W3123048780","https://openalex.org/W3123076801","https://openalex.org/W3123248704","https://openalex.org/W3123427411","https://openalex.org/W3124011483","https://openalex.org/W3124501745","https://openalex.org/W3125263366","https://openalex.org/W3125351878","https://openalex.org/W3151137595"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099564005","https://openalex.org/W7100911533","https://openalex.org/W7097700194","https://openalex.org/W7096074124","https://openalex.org/W1857742581","https://openalex.org/W2080685868","https://openalex.org/W3122675111","https://openalex.org/W2126042152","https://openalex.org/W7099114605","https://openalex.org/W7098472929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"a":[1,21,80],"new":[2],"dataset":[3],"for":[4,27],"41":[5],"German":[6,58],"non-governmental":[7],"organizations":[8],"(NGOs),":[9],"we":[10,35,101],"analyze":[11],"the":[12,30,37,46,49,104,107,125],"allocation":[13],"of":[14,32,41,51,127],"NGO":[15,29,52,112],"aid":[16,72],"across":[17],"recipient":[18],"countries":[19],"in":[20,63,96],"Tobit":[22],"regression":[23],"framework.":[24],"By":[25],"identifying":[26],"each":[28],"degree":[31,126],"public":[33,128],"refinancing,":[34],"address":[36],"largely":[38],"unresolved":[39],"issue":[40],"whether":[42],"financial":[43,84],"dependence":[44,85],"on":[45],"government":[47],"impairs":[48],"targeting":[50],"aid.":[53,116],"It":[54],"turns":[55],"out":[56],"that":[57,103],"NGOs":[59,105],"are":[60],"more":[61],"active":[62],"poorer":[64],"countries,":[65],"while":[66],"they":[67],"do":[68],"not":[69],"complement":[70],"official":[71],"by":[73,124],"working":[74],"under":[75],"difficult":[76],"local":[77],"conditions.":[78],"Beyond":[79],"certain":[81],"threshold,":[82],"rising":[83],"weakens":[86],"their":[87],"poverty":[88],"orientation":[89],"and":[90],"provides":[91],"an":[92],"incentive":[93],"to":[94],"engage":[95],"easier":[97],"environments.":[98],"In":[99],"addition,":[100],"find":[102],"follow":[106],"state":[108],"as":[109,111],"well":[110],"peers":[113],"when":[114],"allocating":[115],"This":[117],"herding":[118],"behavior":[119],"is,":[120],"however,":[121],"hardly":[122],"affected":[123],"refinancing.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}