{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109794263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","title":"Endotoxin in vitro interactions with human neutrophils: depression of chemiluminescence, oxygen consumption, superoxide production, and killing","display_name":"Endotoxin in vitro interactions with human neutrophils: depression of chemiluminescence, oxygen consumption, superoxide production, and killing","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109794263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","mag":"2109794263","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/227788","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/414534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128227336","display_name":"Infection and Immunity","issn_l":"0019-9567","issn":["0019-9567","1070-6313","1098-5522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection and Immunity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/414534","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086481621","display_name":"Richard A. Proctor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-7958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3011-7958"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R A Proctor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086481621"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4338,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80584471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"912","last_page":"921"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11597","display_name":"Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotoxin","display_name":"endotoxin","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipopolysaccharide","display_name":"lipopolysaccharide","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-a","display_name":"lipid A","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophils","display_name":"neutrophils","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemiluminescence","display_name":"chemiluminescence","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-production","display_name":"superoxide production","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bactericidal-activity","display_name":"bactericidal activity","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitroblue-tetrazolium-reduction","display_name":"nitroblue tetrazolium reduction","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pentose-phosphate-pathway","display_name":"pentose phosphate pathway","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-metabolism","display_name":"oxidative metabolism","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superoxide-dismutase","display_name":"superoxide dismutase","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nadph-oxidase","display_name":"NADPH oxidase","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nadh-oxidase","display_name":"NADH oxidase","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-consumption","display_name":"complement consumption","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-radicals","display_name":"reactive oxygen radicals","score":0.6539999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780795997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413283","display_name":"Superoxide","level":3,"score":0.9002401828765869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777989768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28747","display_name":"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate","level":4,"score":0.7154340744018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775838275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776","display_name":"Superoxide dismutase","level":3,"score":0.7131636142730713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3409486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827489","display_name":"Pentose phosphate pathway","level":4,"score":0.6467905640602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99971728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838181","display_name":"Respiratory burst","level":2,"score":0.613775372505188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145802702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2931725","display_name":"Chemiluminescence","level":2,"score":0.6027166843414307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.6015759706497192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778754761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421804","display_name":"Lipopolysaccharide","level":2,"score":0.5887032747268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.5371867418289185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779719074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2038057","display_name":"NADPH oxidase","level":3,"score":0.5315036177635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43479710817337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4221875071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776901170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12499775","display_name":"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide","level":4,"score":0.41559356451034546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38485361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576379","display_name":"Oxidase test","level":3,"score":0.4083993434906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75520062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15321392","display_name":"NAD+ kinase","level":3,"score":0.37639319896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.27246010303497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.24290508031845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.18559664487838745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20251656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162643","display_name":"Glycolysis","level":3,"score":0.09151723980903625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001770","descriptor_name":"Blood Bactericidal Activity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004731","descriptor_name":"Endotoxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006600","descriptor_name":"Hexosephosphates","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008163","descriptor_name":"Luminescent Measurements","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009247","descriptor_name":"NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009504","descriptor_name":"Neutrophils","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009580","descriptor_name":"Nitroblue Tetrazolium","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010100","descriptor_name":"Oxygen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013481","descriptor_name":"Superoxides","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.25.3.912-921.1979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128227336","display_name":"Infection and Immunity","issn_l":"0019-9567","issn":["0019-9567","1070-6313","1098-5522"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection and Immunity","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:414534","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/414534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infect Immun","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:227788","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/227788","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection and immunity","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:414534","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/414534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infect Immun","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10057399","https://openalex.org/W83391330","https://openalex.org/W84856807","https://openalex.org/W87350884","https://openalex.org/W1449482140","https://openalex.org/W1480967651","https://openalex.org/W1504311383","https://openalex.org/W1895982314","https://openalex.org/W1940436875","https://openalex.org/W1971506779","https://openalex.org/W1978366077","https://openalex.org/W1982119222","https://openalex.org/W1984678934","https://openalex.org/W1986630781","https://openalex.org/W1987298370","https://openalex.org/W1993806898","https://openalex.org/W1995830124","https://openalex.org/W2011683499","https://openalex.org/W2015258869","https://openalex.org/W2023122744","https://openalex.org/W2025107120","https://openalex.org/W2027457988","https://openalex.org/W2029490504","https://openalex.org/W2037320138","https://openalex.org/W2043181660","https://openalex.org/W2048659050","https://openalex.org/W2076317683","https://openalex.org/W2078182430","https://openalex.org/W2093541003","https://openalex.org/W2104425049","https://openalex.org/W2113015414","https://openalex.org/W2119480031","https://openalex.org/W2142417484","https://openalex.org/W2144872557","https://openalex.org/W2151634273","https://openalex.org/W2230054254","https://openalex.org/W2316268111","https://openalex.org/W2317376872","https://openalex.org/W2324271478","https://openalex.org/W2343942461","https://openalex.org/W2399251042","https://openalex.org/W2411286724","https://openalex.org/W2414570043","https://openalex.org/W2414660478","https://openalex.org/W2435542918","https://openalex.org/W2570983626","https://openalex.org/W3164152159"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2410846568","https://openalex.org/W2057971750","https://openalex.org/W2407054824","https://openalex.org/W1980814875","https://openalex.org/W2168887400","https://openalex.org/W2325312301","https://openalex.org/W1730096292","https://openalex.org/W2068598948","https://openalex.org/W2049216836","https://openalex.org/W1977207890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Endotoxin":[0],"was":[1,70,97,109],"shown":[2],"to":[3,151],"depress":[4],"neutrophil":[5],"bactericidal":[6,21,158],"activity":[7],"while":[8,155],"enhancing":[9],"Nitro":[10],"Blue":[11],"Tetrazolium":[12],"reduction":[13],"and":[14,92],"hexose":[15],"monophosphate":[16],"shunt":[17],"activity.":[18],"Separation":[19],"of":[20,30,36,48,78,88,101,144],"action":[22],"from":[23,134],"oxidative":[24],"metabolism":[25],"suggests":[26],"that":[27],"the":[28,34,99,153],"effect":[29],"endotoxin":[31,62],"might":[32],"involve":[33],"formation":[35,69],"reactive":[37],"oxygen":[38,90],"radicals":[39],"such":[40],"as":[41],"superoxide.":[42],"Chemiluminescence":[43],"often":[44],"accompanies":[45],"metabolic":[46],"activation":[47],"polymorphonuclear":[49],"neutrophils":[50],"(PMNs).":[51],"However,":[52],"human":[53],"PMNs":[54,79,154],"did":[55,115],"not":[56,98,110,138],"show":[57],"chemiluminescence":[58,96],"when":[59],"challenged":[60],"with":[61,80],"(lipopolysaccharide;":[63],"LPS)":[64],"or":[65,127],"lipid":[66],"A.":[67],"Superoxide":[68],"also":[71],"unaffected":[72],"by":[73,112,140],"endotoxin.":[74],"In":[75,104],"contrast,":[76],"preincubation":[77],"LPS":[81,116,145],"for":[82,122],"30":[83],"min":[84],"produced":[85],"significant":[86],"depression":[87],"chemiluminescence,":[89],"consumption,":[91],"superoxide":[93,108,118],"formation.":[94],"Decreased":[95],"result":[100],"complement":[102],"consumption.":[103],"a":[105],"cell-free":[106],"system,":[107],"scavenged":[111],"LPS,":[113],"nor":[114],"stimulate":[117],"dismutase.":[119],"Oxidase":[120],"enzymes":[121],"reduced":[123,128],"nicotinamide":[124,129],"adenine":[125,130],"dinucleotide":[126,131],"phosphate":[132],"harvested":[133],"broken":[135],"cells":[136],"were":[137],"affected":[139],"LPS.":[141],"The":[142],"toxicity":[143],"may":[146],"reside":[147],"in":[148],"its":[149],"ability":[150],"activate":[152],"simultaneously":[156],"blocking":[157],"capacity.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
