{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109600957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","title":"The renewed \u2018American Challenge\u2019: a review of employment practice in US multinationals","display_name":"The renewed \u2018American Challenge\u2019: a review of employment practice in US multinationals","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109600957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","mag":"2109600957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-2338.00222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140218963","display_name":"Industrial Relations Journal","issn_l":"0019-8692","issn":["0019-8692","1468-2338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial Relations Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043342297","display_name":"Tony Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-231X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4281-231X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205051169","display_name":"Kingston University London","ror":"https://ror.org/05bbqza97","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205051169"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154901","display_name":"Kingston University","ror":"https://ror.org/0517ce304","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154901"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRM at Kingston University,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRM at Kingston University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205051169","https://openalex.org/I4210154901"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089595428","display_name":"Anthony Ferner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-8065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-8065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","display_name":"De Montfort University","ror":"https://ror.org/0312pnr83","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Ferner","raw_affiliation_strings":["International HRM at De Montfort University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International HRM at De Montfort University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":93.9998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":184,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99928002,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"2","first_page":"94","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14031","display_name":"Global and Cross-Cultural Management","score":0.4259999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14031","display_name":"Global and Cross-Cultural Management","score":0.4259999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.37130001187324524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12843","display_name":"Human Resource and Talent Management","score":0.08879999816417694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-practices","display_name":"employment practices","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multinational-corporations","display_name":"multinational corporations","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-multinationals","display_name":"US multinationals","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embeddedness","display_name":"embeddedness","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-workforce","display_name":"international workforce","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-challenge","display_name":"American challenge","score":0.335999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158016649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161726","display_name":"Multinational corporation","level":2,"score":0.95113205909729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63063934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079747","display_name":"Embeddedness","level":2,"score":0.9032737016677856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5770177841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4645772874355316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3338806629180908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33158186078071594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2701454162597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.06514081358909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.06328469514846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-2338.00222","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140218963","display_name":"Industrial Relations Journal","issn_l":"0019-8692","issn":["0019-8692","1468-2338"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Industrial Relations Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dora.dmu.ac.uk:2086/3167","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2086/3167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400394","display_name":"DMU Open Research Archive (De Montfort University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","host_organization_name":"De Montfort University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/e4c1516b-48cf-4e69-a478-6bb627b353f5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/e4c1516b-48cf-4e69-a478-6bb627b353f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Edwards, T & Ferner, A 2002, 'The revewed \"American Challenge\": A review of employment practices in US multinationals', INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS JOURNAL, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 94 - 111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2338.00222","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.dora.dmu.ac.uk:2086/3167","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2086/3167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400394","display_name":"DMU Open Research Archive (De Montfort University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66943878","host_organization_name":"De Montfort University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66943878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.9211000204086304}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6100000143051147}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2480730764","https://openalex.org/W597070919","https://openalex.org/W2138941397","https://openalex.org/W7095290064","https://openalex.org/W2891955695","https://openalex.org/W2183571502","https://openalex.org/W4294383554","https://openalex.org/W2122685223","https://openalex.org/W3007511860","https://openalex.org/W2149200480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,43,47,84,114,125,133],"extensive":[2],"literature":[3,61],"concerned":[4,62],"with":[5,63],"IR":[6,88],"practice":[7],"in":[8,17,83,119],"American":[9,76],"multinational":[10],"companies":[11],"(MNCs),":[12],"there":[13],"are":[14],"serious":[15],"gaps":[16,95],"our":[18],"understanding":[19,111],"of":[20,24,38,49,72,94,112,116,122,127,142],"how":[21,113],"this":[22,31,56,67],"group":[23],"firms":[25,129],"manages":[26],"their":[27,120],"international":[28],"workforces.":[29],"In":[30,98],"paper,":[32],"we":[33,100],"set":[34],"out":[35],"a":[36,70,92,109,140],"framework":[37,57],"\u2018four":[39],"key":[40],"influences\u2019":[41],"on":[42,53,87],"way":[44],"MNCs":[45,77,118],"approach":[46],"management":[48],"labour":[50],"and":[51,96],"go":[52],"to":[54,58,79,107],"use":[55],"assess":[59],"existing":[60],"US":[64,117,145],"MNCs.":[65,146],"While":[66],"review":[68],"reveals":[69,91],"number":[71,93],"general":[73],"tendencies\u2014for":[74],"example,":[75],"tend":[78],"be":[80],"highly":[81],"centralised":[82],"decision":[85],"making":[86],"matters\u2014it":[89],"also":[90],"weaknesses.":[97],"particular,":[99],"argue":[101],"that":[102],"previous":[103],"research":[104,143],"has":[105],"failed":[106],"develop":[108],"convincing":[110],"\u2018embeddedness\u2019":[115],"country":[121],"origin":[123],"informs":[124],"behaviour":[126],"these":[128],"as":[130],"employers":[131],"outside":[132],"USA.":[134],"The":[135],"paper":[136],"ends":[137],"by":[138],"outlining":[139],"programme":[141],"into":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}