{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109404192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","title":"Lima Bean Downy Mildew Epiphytotics Caused by New Physiological Races of Phytophthora phaseoli","display_name":"Lima Bean Downy Mildew Epiphytotics Caused by New Physiological Races of Phytophthora phaseoli","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109404192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","mag":"2109404192","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30769594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135458494","display_name":"Plant Disease","issn_l":"0191-2917","issn":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320276","host_organization_name":"American Phytopathological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320276"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Phytopathological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054870410","display_name":"C. R. Davidson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. R. Davidson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111982157","display_name":"Thomas A. Evans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. A. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072204178","display_name":"Robert P. Mulrooney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. P. Mulrooney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073482632","display_name":"Nancy Gregory","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. F. Gregory","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047684110","display_name":"R. B. Carroll","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. B. Carroll","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19717","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110690703","display_name":"Nichole R. O\u2019Neill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. R. O'Neill","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Department of Agriculture, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Department of Agriculture, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4102,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72452292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"92","issue":"5","first_page":"670","last_page":"674"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11771","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Resistance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11771","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Resistance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10825","display_name":"Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11900","display_name":"Fungal Plant Pathogen Control","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downy-mildew","display_name":"downy mildew","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lima-bean","display_name":"Phaseolus lunatus","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathotypes","display_name":"pathotypes","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epiphytotics","display_name":"epiphytotics","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-testing","display_name":"differential testing","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytophthora-capsici","display_name":"Phytophthora capsici","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytophthora-infestans","display_name":"Phytophthora infestans","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-variation","display_name":"genetic variation","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delaware","display_name":"Delaware","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maryland","display_name":"Maryland","score":0.949999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780087670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394849","display_name":"Downy mildew","level":2,"score":0.9581077098846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.9220005869865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.6865543723106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776286235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310438","display_name":"Phaseolus","level":2,"score":0.6437538862228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.47753655910491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4619927704334259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777257142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149072","display_name":"Phytophthora infestans","level":3,"score":0.45737743377685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.4173394441604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182076605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4273292","display_name":"Blight","level":2,"score":0.297565221786499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.05152919888496399}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-5-0670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S135458494","display_name":"Plant Disease","issn_l":"0191-2917","issn":["0191-2917","1943-7692"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320276","host_organization_name":"American Phytopathological Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320276"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Phytopathological Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:30769594","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30769594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plant disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.8409000039100647}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134999072","https://openalex.org/W1983630004","https://openalex.org/W1985459790","https://openalex.org/W1989905963","https://openalex.org/W2015084342","https://openalex.org/W2029775441","https://openalex.org/W2048084787","https://openalex.org/W2066981804","https://openalex.org/W2067755921","https://openalex.org/W2074954378","https://openalex.org/W2078668654","https://openalex.org/W2080979112","https://openalex.org/W2123940885","https://openalex.org/W2143896084","https://openalex.org/W2144018001","https://openalex.org/W2161863335","https://openalex.org/W2170703994","https://openalex.org/W2273453211","https://openalex.org/W2529684663","https://openalex.org/W4254975434","https://openalex.org/W6982374050"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067755921","https://openalex.org/W3135849893","https://openalex.org/W2810854087","https://openalex.org/W3134791336","https://openalex.org/W2529684663","https://openalex.org/W2948524906","https://openalex.org/W6955852392","https://openalex.org/W1999910702","https://openalex.org/W2048084787","https://openalex.org/W1996032290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Before":[0],"1995,":[1,32],"race":[2,22,88,93],"D":[3],"of":[4,10,27,37,57,60,74,80,87,104,118,120,128,163],"Phytophthora":[5,129],"phaseoli,":[6],"the":[7,19,24,28,71,78,102,109],"causal":[8],"agent":[9],"downy":[11,44],"mildew":[12,45],"on":[13],"lima":[14,112],"bean":[15],"(Phaseolus":[16],"lunatus),":[17],"was":[18],"prevalent":[20],"physiological":[21,35,83],"in":[23,47,51,90,99,111],"mid-Atlantic":[25],"region":[26],"United":[29],"States.":[30],"Since":[31],"however,":[33],"new":[34,82],"races":[36,162],"P.":[38,61,148,151,154,164],"phaseoli":[39,62,149],"have":[40,114],"been":[41],"responsible":[42],"for":[43],"outbreaks":[46],"previously":[48],"resistant":[49,105],"cultivars":[50,106],"this":[52],"region.":[53],"Cultivar":[54],"differential":[55],"testing":[56],"180":[58],"isolates":[59,132],"collected":[63],"between":[64],"1994":[65],"and":[66,70,92,124,131,145,150],"2005":[67],"from":[68,153],"Delaware":[69],"eastern":[72],"shore":[73],"Maryland":[75],"has":[76],"confirmed":[77],"presence":[79],"two":[81],"races.":[84],"The":[85],"detection":[86],"E":[89],"1995":[91],"F":[94],"only":[95],"5":[96],"years":[97],"later":[98],"2000,":[100],"plus":[101],"lack":[103],"to":[107,116],"manage":[108],"epiphytotics":[110],"bean,":[113],"led":[115],"millions":[117],"dollars":[119],"crop":[121],"losses.":[122],"Intra-":[123],"interspecific":[125],"genetic":[126],"variation":[127],"spp.":[130],"were":[133],"assessed":[134],"using":[135],"amplified":[136],"fragment":[137],"length":[138],"polymorphism":[139],"DNA":[140],"fingerprinting.":[141],"Primer":[142],"groups":[143],"EcoRI+AG":[144],"MseI+C":[146],"distinguished":[147],"capsici":[152],"infestans":[155],"but":[156],"did":[157],"not":[158],"distinguish":[159],"among":[160],"different":[161],"phaseoli.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}