{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109389435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","title":"Modeling the dynamics of mental workload and human performance in complex systems","display_name":"Modeling the dynamics of mental workload and human performance in complex systems","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109389435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","mag":"2109389435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/21.257761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019637921","display_name":"William B. Rouse","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-8447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4009-8447"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W.B. Rouse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105038981","display_name":"Sebastian Edwards","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6652-6560","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6652-6560"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.L. Edwards","raw_affiliation_strings":["Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011889651","display_name":"John M. Hammer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.M. Hammer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Search Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91851408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"1662","last_page":"1671"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-workload","display_name":"mental workload","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-workload","display_name":"perceived workload","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-performance","display_name":"human performance","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-systems","display_name":"complex systems","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-system-identification","display_name":"online system identification","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-systems","display_name":"nonlinear systems","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noisy-systems","display_name":"noisy systems","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"decision support system","score":0.9919999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.8625264167785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6989306211471558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6116119027137756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5662970542907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.552373468875885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44352179765701294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4269050359725952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4168117344379425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3824026882648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3214260935783386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.27175459265708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/21.257761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.257761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:ADA258553","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&amp;verb=getRecord&amp;metadataPrefix=html&amp;identifier=ADA258553","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923043","display_name":"Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"DTIC AND NTIS","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W576204169","https://openalex.org/W615352231","https://openalex.org/W764753735","https://openalex.org/W1522306314","https://openalex.org/W1696611903","https://openalex.org/W1888386172","https://openalex.org/W1984151090","https://openalex.org/W1993211683","https://openalex.org/W2019201491","https://openalex.org/W2027926235","https://openalex.org/W2031088995","https://openalex.org/W2095143390","https://openalex.org/W2107149399","https://openalex.org/W2126089381","https://openalex.org/W2128332911","https://openalex.org/W2152142845","https://openalex.org/W2971743483"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2960413539","https://openalex.org/W2989752455","https://openalex.org/W1488241295","https://openalex.org/W308016908","https://openalex.org/W2133222029","https://openalex.org/W3034081285","https://openalex.org/W3176876332","https://openalex.org/W2954466785","https://openalex.org/W2082108835","https://openalex.org/W2530912397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,46],"relationship":[1,17],"between":[2],"subjective":[3],"workload":[4],"and":[5,52],"human":[6],"behaviors":[7],"is":[8,18],"considered.":[9],"A":[10],"model":[11],"of":[12,15,21,39,43],"the":[13],"dynamics":[14],"this":[16,44],"proposed.":[19],"Results":[20],"three":[22],"simulation":[23],"experiments":[24],"are":[25,33,56],"reported":[26],"that":[27],"show":[28],"simple":[29],"linear":[30],"identification":[31,38],"algorithms":[32],"surprisingly":[34],"robust":[35],"in":[36],"online":[37],"noisy,":[40],"nonlinear":[41],"versions":[42],"model.":[45],"implications":[47],"for":[48],"developing":[49],"adaptive":[50],"aiding":[51],"decision":[53],"support":[54],"systems":[55],"noted.>":[57]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
