{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109006492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","title":"Bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with COPD","display_name":"Bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with COPD","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109006492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","mag":"2109006492","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18256071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1183/09031936.00129607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","pdf_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/31/4/742.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/31/4/742.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062711392","display_name":"Donald P. Tashkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5607-4872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5607-4872"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. P. Tashkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. DTashkin@mednet.ucla.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. DTashkin@mednet.ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008555938","display_name":"Bartolom\u00e9 R. Celli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-8371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7266-8371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018163063","display_name":"St. Elizabeth's Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00cr15z55","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018163063"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Celli","raw_affiliation_strings":["St Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018163063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013656284","display_name":"M. Decramer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Decramer","raw_affiliation_strings":[". \" University Hospitals , Leuven , Belgium","AFFILIATIONS *David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,","David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA 10833 Le Conte Avenue Los Angeles CA 90024 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":". \" University Hospitals , Leuven , Belgium","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AFFILIATIONS *David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA 10833 Le Conte Avenue Los Angeles CA 90024 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071477199","display_name":"D. Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160255","display_name":"Boehringer Ingelheim (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05kffp613","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330995197","https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]}],"countries":["BE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA","\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112317464","display_name":"Deborah Burkhart","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160255","display_name":"Boehringer Ingelheim (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05kffp613","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330995197","https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]}],"countries":["BE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Burkhart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA","\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055756681","display_name":"Cara Cassino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800231306","display_name":"Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/0424bsv16","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160255","display_name":"Boehringer Ingelheim (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05kffp613","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330995197","https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]}],"countries":["BE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Cassino","raw_affiliation_strings":["\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium","Geffen School of Medicine UCLA 10833 Le Conte Avenue Los Angeles CA 90024 USA","Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\" University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800231306"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geffen School of Medicine UCLA 10833 Le Conte Avenue Los Angeles CA 90024 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160255"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090459826","display_name":"Steven Kesten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-7910","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5522-7910"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330995197","display_name":"Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00q32j219","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330995197"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kesten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330995197"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":26.6566,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":330,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99730229,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"4","first_page":"742","last_page":"750"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchodilator-responsiveness","display_name":"bronchodilator responsiveness","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tiotropium","display_name":"tiotropium","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ipratropium-bromide","display_name":"ipratropium bromide","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salbutamol","display_name":"salbutamol","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fev1-improvement","display_name":"FEV1 improvement","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function","display_name":"lung function","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uplift-trial","display_name":"UPLIFT trial","score":0.8309999704360962}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.962315559387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q927234","display_name":"Bronchodilator","level":3,"score":0.818131685256958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.782084584236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55520419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660995","display_name":"Vital capacity","level":5,"score":0.6977149248123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780333948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653305","display_name":"Spirometry","level":3,"score":0.6972101926803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410358","display_name":"Salbutamol","level":3,"score":0.6314016580581665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909577894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424294","display_name":"Ipratropium","level":4,"score":0.5543043613433838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.49563324451446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75603125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1877462","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","level":2,"score":0.4919247627258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780532441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424294","display_name":"Ipratropium bromide","level":4,"score":0.43543773889541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.41896873712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung function","level":3,"score":0.24471640586853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.22222307324409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.20577862858772278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165637977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11067835","display_name":"Diffusing capacity","level":4,"score":0.05131581425666809}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069447","descriptor_name":"Tiotropium Bromide","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000420","descriptor_name":"Albuterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001993","descriptor_name":"Bronchodilator Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005541","descriptor_name":"Forced Expiratory Volume","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012602","descriptor_name":"Scopolamine Derivatives","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018680","descriptor_name":"Cholinergic Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029424","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1183/09031936.00129607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","pdf_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/31/4/742.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18256071","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18256071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The European respiratory journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.522.4190","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.522.4190","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/31/4/742.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1183/09031936.00129607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00129607","pdf_url":"https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/31/4/742.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207896","display_name":"European Respiratory Journal","issn_l":"0903-1936","issn":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Respiratory Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2109006492.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2109006492.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48945763","https://openalex.org/W358768254","https://openalex.org/W1416625007","https://openalex.org/W1745336096","https://openalex.org/W1853608828","https://openalex.org/W2002082935","https://openalex.org/W2015260858","https://openalex.org/W2025676153","https://openalex.org/W2032080378","https://openalex.org/W2061574596","https://openalex.org/W2062044712","https://openalex.org/W2064415575","https://openalex.org/W2101481019","https://openalex.org/W2104356664","https://openalex.org/W2121914298","https://openalex.org/W2124879124","https://openalex.org/W2127951128","https://openalex.org/W2144711807","https://openalex.org/W2145142744","https://openalex.org/W2166432084","https://openalex.org/W2400217583","https://openalex.org/W2509618390","https://openalex.org/W2587954667","https://openalex.org/W2592495259","https://openalex.org/W2612134078","https://openalex.org/W4249200669","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297321253","https://openalex.org/W2130049277","https://openalex.org/W7099625461","https://openalex.org/W1998819769","https://openalex.org/W4362698907","https://openalex.org/W2132518470","https://openalex.org/W1985193268","https://openalex.org/W1990086676","https://openalex.org/W2081406688","https://openalex.org/W2047130491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,109,214],"degree":[1],"of":[2,26,31,44,70,79,86,216,232],"acute":[3],"improvement":[4,195,201],"in":[5,40,50,75,81,116,137,179,184,196,202,210,227],"spirometric":[6],"indices":[7],"after":[8],"bronchodilator":[9,27,34],"inhalation":[10],"varies":[11],"among":[12],"chronic":[13,220],"obstructive":[14,221],"pulmonary":[15,222],"disease":[16,223],"(COPD)":[17],"patients,":[18,144,188],"and":[19,24,28,103,126,133,164,181,192,204],"depends":[20],"upon":[21],"the":[22,29,51,68,77,138,143,149],"type":[23],"dose":[25],"timing":[30],"administration.":[32,108],"Acute":[33],"responsiveness":[35,120],"at":[36],"baseline":[37,125,158],"was":[38,100],"examined":[39],"a":[41,62],"large":[42],"cohort":[43],"patients":[45,89,217],"with":[46,58,172,218],"moderate-to-very-severe":[47,219],"COPD":[48],"participating":[49],"Understanding":[52],"Potential":[53],"Long-term":[54],"Impacts":[55],"on":[56],"Function":[57],"Tiotropium":[59],"(UPLIFT)":[60],"trial,":[61],"4-yr":[63],"randomised":[64],"double-blind":[65],"trial":[66],"evaluating":[67],"efficacy":[69],"18":[71],"mug":[72,92,97],"tiotropium":[73],"daily":[74],"reducing":[76],"rate":[78],"decline":[80],"lung":[82,228],"function.":[83],"After":[84],"wash-out":[85],"respiratory":[87],"medications,":[88],"received":[90],"80":[91],"ipratropium":[93,107],"followed":[94],"by":[95],"400":[96],"salbutamol.":[98],"Spirometry":[99],"performed":[101],"before":[102],"90":[104],"min":[105],"following":[106,230],"criteria":[110,150],"used":[111],"for":[112,151],"forced":[113,165],"expiratory":[114],"volume":[115],"one":[117],"second":[118],"(FEV(1))":[119],"were:":[121],">or=12%":[122,191],"increase":[123,130,136,209],"over":[124,131],">or=200":[127,193],"mL;":[128],">or=15%":[129,200],"baseline;":[132],">or=10%":[134,207],"absolute":[135,208],"percentage":[139],"predicted":[140],"value.":[141],"Of":[142,186],"5,756":[145],"had":[146,190,199,206],"data":[147],"meeting":[148],"analysis":[152],"(age":[153],"64.5":[154],"yrs;":[155],"75%":[156],"male;":[157],"FEV(1)":[159,180,211],"1.10":[160],"L":[161],"(39.3%":[162],"predicted)":[163],"vital":[166],"capacity":[167],"(FVC)":[168],"2.63":[169],"L).":[170],"Compared":[171],"baseline,":[173],"mean":[174],"improvements":[175],"were":[176],"229":[177],"mL":[178,183,194],"407":[182],"FVC.":[185],"these":[187],"53.9%":[189],"FEV(1),":[197,203],"65.6%":[198],"38.6%":[205],"%":[212],"pred.":[213],"majority":[215],"demonstrate":[224],"meaningful":[225],"increases":[226],"function":[229],"administration":[231],"inhaled":[233],"anticholinergic":[234],"plus":[235],"sympathomimetic":[236],"bronchodilators.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":29}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}