{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108930516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","title":"Atmospheric Methane and Nitrous Oxide of the Late Pleistocene from Antarctic Ice Cores","display_name":"Atmospheric Methane and Nitrous Oxide of the Late Pleistocene from Antarctic Ice Cores","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108930516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","mag":"2108930516","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16311333"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.1120132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298285","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016736683","display_name":"Renato Spahni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4239-5130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4239-5130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renato Spahni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075941021","display_name":"J. Chappellaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-2961","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-2961"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Je\u0301ro\u0302me Chappellaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006344650","display_name":"Thomas Franziskus Stocker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-2728","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-2728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas F. Stocker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008118368","display_name":"L. Loulergue","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laetitia Loulergue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051704358","display_name":"Gregor Hausammann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Hausammann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083649763","display_name":"Kenji Kawamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-700X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-700X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenji Kawamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063021453","display_name":"Jacqueline Fl\u00fcckiger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline Flu\u0308ckiger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003719906","display_name":"Jakob Schwander","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jakob Schwander","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082190023","display_name":"Dominique Raynaud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-6884","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-6884"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominique Raynaud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054087600","display_name":"Val\u00e9rie Masson\u2010Delmotte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8296-381X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8296-381X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vale\u0301rie Masson-Delmotte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112613696","display_name":"J. Jouzel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177483745","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Joseph Fourier","ror":"https://ror.org/02aj0kh94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114102","display_name":"Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace","ror":"https://ror.org/02haar591","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210114102"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4387154391","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124937","display_name":"Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03dsd0g48","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210148025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145841","display_name":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et G\u00e9ophysique de l\u2019Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgt5a62","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210145841","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Jouzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA-CNRS 1572, CE Saclay, Orme des Merisiers, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Ge\u0301ophysique de l'Environnement (LGGE, CNRS-UJF), CNRS, 54 Rue Molie\u0300res, 38402 St. Martin d'He\u0300res, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006344650","https://openalex.org/A5063021453","https://openalex.org/A5083649763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I177483745","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210114102","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210124937","https://openalex.org/I4210128565","https://openalex.org/I4210145841"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":470,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99748064,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"310","issue":"5752","first_page":"1317","last_page":"1321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10017","display_name":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10017","display_name":"Geology and Paleoclimatology Research","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.012600000016391277,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-methane","display_name":"atmospheric methane","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrous-oxide","display_name":"nitrous oxide","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dome-c-ice-core","display_name":"Dome C ice core","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vostok-ice-core","display_name":"Vostok ice core","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-pleistocene","display_name":"Late Pleistocene","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interglacial-periods","display_name":"interglacial periods","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holocene","display_name":"Holocene","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antarctic-atmosphere","display_name":"Antarctic atmosphere","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleoclimate","display_name":"paleoclimate","score":0.828000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205325660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258914","display_name":"Ice core","level":2,"score":0.854654848575592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140345934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25445","display_name":"Holocene","level":2,"score":0.7806190252304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777573673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905750","display_name":"Nitrous oxide","level":2,"score":0.6200645565986633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516920438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129","display_name":"Methane","level":2,"score":0.6199360489845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5889948606491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189092281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3236743","display_name":"Dome (geology)","level":2,"score":0.498340368270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197435368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493109","display_name":"Cryosphere","level":3,"score":0.46653252840042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186240526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487294","display_name":"Interglacial","level":3,"score":0.4478797912597656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6385141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170558","display_name":"Coring","level":3,"score":0.44768407940864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160464908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26185","display_name":"Quaternary","level":2,"score":0.4262066185474396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104730834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828861","display_name":"Firn","level":3,"score":0.4136263430118561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.40954986214637756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.39868512749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.37157124280929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.32800349593162537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3273286819458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100834320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35666","display_name":"Glacier","level":2,"score":0.22936758399009705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.13793998956680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.13549605011940002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136894858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213926","display_name":"Sea ice","level":2,"score":0.1284642219543457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.09253159165382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07792937755584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25197100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q890886","display_name":"Drilling","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.1120132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16311333","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16311333","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/d5bcbe73-2e70-4843-bc3c-9e58268f6887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/d5bcbe73-2e70-4843-bc3c-9e58268f6887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Spahni, RE, Chappellaz, J, Stocker, TF, Loulergue, L, Hausammann, G, Kawamura, K, Fluckiger, J, Schwander, J, Raynaud, D, Masson-Delmotte, V & Jouzel, J 2005, 'Atmospheric Methane and Nitrous Oxide of the Late Pleistocene from Antarctic Ice Cores', Science, vol. 310 (5752), pp. 1317 - 1321. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48350/158265","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/57106","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:insu-00374939v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Science, 2005, 310 (5752), pp.1317 \u00e0 1321. ⟨10.1126/science.1120132⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boris.unibe.ch:158265","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/158265/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401747","display_name":"BORIS (University Library Bern)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210103840","host_organization_name":"Nakuru County Council","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103840"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Spahni, Renato; Chappellaz, J\u00e9r\u00f4me; Stocker, Thomas F.; Loulergue, Laetitia; Hausammann, Gregor; Kawamura, Kenji; Fl\u00fcckiger, Jacqueline; Schwander, Jakob; Raynaud, Dominique; Masson-Delmotte, Val\u00e9rie; Jouzel, Jean (2005). Atmospheric methane and nitrous oxide of the late Pleistocene from Antarctic ice cores. Science, 310(5752), pp. 1317-1321. American Association for the Advancement of Science 10.1126/science.1120132 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1120132>","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:298285","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:298285","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/298285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.9786999821662903}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8600000143051147}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556773719","https://openalex.org/W1631559605","https://openalex.org/W1645521468","https://openalex.org/W1657540667","https://openalex.org/W1660980549","https://openalex.org/W1676501496","https://openalex.org/W1965288265","https://openalex.org/W1965688439","https://openalex.org/W1965909841","https://openalex.org/W1966282214","https://openalex.org/W1989312964","https://openalex.org/W1993013648","https://openalex.org/W1994100601","https://openalex.org/W1994617442","https://openalex.org/W1996579239","https://openalex.org/W2005477610","https://openalex.org/W2012795482","https://openalex.org/W2021934845","https://openalex.org/W2035587516","https://openalex.org/W2041187953","https://openalex.org/W2060590177","https://openalex.org/W2076232894","https://openalex.org/W2079430827","https://openalex.org/W2080199880","https://openalex.org/W2091991077","https://openalex.org/W2094633221","https://openalex.org/W2099667979","https://openalex.org/W2136936860","https://openalex.org/W2139562946","https://openalex.org/W2166469879","https://openalex.org/W2995427052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529900749","https://openalex.org/W2611161560","https://openalex.org/W2073826121","https://openalex.org/W1975721956","https://openalex.org/W2009508081","https://openalex.org/W2002144755","https://openalex.org/W3153939437","https://openalex.org/W2003400559","https://openalex.org/W2158819678","https://openalex.org/W1611177624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"European":[1],"Project":[2],"for":[3],"Ice":[4],"Coring":[5],"in":[6],"Antarctica":[7,59],"Dome":[8,41],"C":[9,42],"ice":[10,46],"core":[11],"enables":[12],"us":[13],"to":[14,27,94],"extend":[15],"existing":[16],"records":[17],"of":[18,36,52,106],"atmospheric":[19],"methane":[20],"(CH4)":[21],"and":[22,43],"nitrous":[23],"oxide":[24],"(N2O)":[25],"back":[26],"650,000":[28,75],"years":[29,79],"before":[30],"the":[31,40,44,50,73,100],"present.":[32],"A":[33],"combined":[34],"record":[35,102],"CH4":[37,86],"measured":[38],"along":[39],"Vostok":[45],"cores":[47],"demonstrates,":[48],"within":[49],"resolution":[51],"our":[53],"measurements,":[54],"that":[55],"preindustrial":[56],"concentrations":[57,87,105],"over":[58],"have":[60],"not":[61],"exceeded":[62],"773":[63],"+/-":[64,108],"15":[65],"ppbv":[66],"(parts":[67],"per":[68],"billion":[69],"by":[70],"volume)":[71],"during":[72],"past":[74],"years.":[76],"Before":[77],"420,000":[78],"ago,":[80],"when":[81],"interglacials":[82],"were":[83,88],"cooler,":[84],"maximum":[85,104],"only":[89],"about":[90],"600":[91],"ppbv,":[92,110],"similar":[93],"lower":[95],"Holocene":[96,115],"values.":[97,116],"In":[98],"contrast,":[99],"N2O":[101],"shows":[103],"278":[107],"7":[109],"slightly":[111],"higher":[112],"than":[113],"early":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":24}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}