{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108690641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","title":"Glutamine Is Essential for Nitric Oxide Synthesis by Murine Macrophages","display_name":"Glutamine Is Essential for Nitric Oxide Synthesis by Murine Macrophages","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108690641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","mag":"2108690641","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10534426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45161156","display_name":"Journal of Surgical Research","issn_l":"0022-4804","issn":["0022-4804","1095-8673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Surgical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035522380","display_name":"Charles F. Bellows","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-0517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114832834","display_name":"Tulane University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vmvtb21","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114832834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles F. Bellows","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114832834"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023332339","display_name":"Bernard M. Jaffe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114832834","display_name":"Tulane University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vmvtb21","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114832834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard M. Jaffe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114832834"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114832834"],"apc_list":{"value":3590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3590},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68298584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"2","first_page":"213","last_page":"219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.017999999225139618,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12770","display_name":"Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutamine","display_name":"glutamine","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-production","display_name":"nitric oxide production","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-arginine","display_name":"L-arginine","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citrulline","display_name":"citrulline","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipopolysaccharide","display_name":"lipopolysaccharide","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotoxemia","display_name":"endotoxemia","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrite-production","display_name":"nitrite production","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-264-7-macrophages","display_name":"RAW 264.7 macrophages","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-synthase","display_name":"nitric oxide synthase","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-scavenging","display_name":"nitric oxide scavenging","score":0.40799999237060547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776179834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72158415","display_name":"Nitrite","level":3,"score":0.8957269191741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778754761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421804","display_name":"Lipopolysaccharide","level":2,"score":0.8518064618110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519581460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207843","display_name":"Nitric oxide","level":2,"score":0.8214349746704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779349466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181619","display_name":"Glutamine","level":3,"score":0.7701889276504517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25642318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992532","display_name":"Incubation","level":2,"score":0.6266517639160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777468819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173670","display_name":"Arginine","level":3,"score":0.6260636448860168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5920470952987671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.52193284034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779129087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408641","display_name":"Citrulline","level":4,"score":0.48066794872283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.32097095251083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.255340039730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22537800669670105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.14138498902320862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.11165717244148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001120","descriptor_name":"Arginine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002956","descriptor_name":"Citrulline","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005110","descriptor_name":"Extracellular Space","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005973","descriptor_name":"Glutamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005973","descriptor_name":"Glutamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008070","descriptor_name":"Lipopolysaccharides","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008264","descriptor_name":"Macrophages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009569","descriptor_name":"Nitric Oxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1999.5713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S45161156","display_name":"Journal of Surgical Research","issn_l":"0022-4804","issn":["0022-4804","1095-8673"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Surgical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10534426","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10534426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of surgical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1212704","https://openalex.org/W75052042","https://openalex.org/W1558486290","https://openalex.org/W1581310431","https://openalex.org/W1594268419","https://openalex.org/W1603087172","https://openalex.org/W1791996532","https://openalex.org/W1923498729","https://openalex.org/W1929009802","https://openalex.org/W1966570637","https://openalex.org/W1966941946","https://openalex.org/W1968540078","https://openalex.org/W1976883702","https://openalex.org/W1981596295","https://openalex.org/W1995490493","https://openalex.org/W2002787536","https://openalex.org/W2002970813","https://openalex.org/W2024859158","https://openalex.org/W2025975662","https://openalex.org/W2042964724","https://openalex.org/W2046837129","https://openalex.org/W2047458756","https://openalex.org/W2048635427","https://openalex.org/W2054382909","https://openalex.org/W2061177902","https://openalex.org/W2062633295","https://openalex.org/W2062932359","https://openalex.org/W2068987356","https://openalex.org/W2072102050","https://openalex.org/W2073132923","https://openalex.org/W2081188174","https://openalex.org/W2083368878","https://openalex.org/W2083934547","https://openalex.org/W2088318282","https://openalex.org/W2116660695","https://openalex.org/W2117752645","https://openalex.org/W2129577681","https://openalex.org/W2134033609","https://openalex.org/W2137842935","https://openalex.org/W2161769916","https://openalex.org/W2171561094","https://openalex.org/W2280649643","https://openalex.org/W2318065544","https://openalex.org/W2324305174","https://openalex.org/W2336338665","https://openalex.org/W2394606541","https://openalex.org/W2398090904","https://openalex.org/W2405226486","https://openalex.org/W4252311423","https://openalex.org/W6712566395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966941946","https://openalex.org/W2160302014","https://openalex.org/W1975982125","https://openalex.org/W1212704","https://openalex.org/W2023772557","https://openalex.org/W2113569935","https://openalex.org/W2308735734","https://openalex.org/W2405226486","https://openalex.org/W2031740315","https://openalex.org/W2051927334"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}