{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108317365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","title":"Immunosuppressive Signature of CutaneousMycobacterium ulceransInfection in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Buruli Ulcer Disease","display_name":"Immunosuppressive Signature of CutaneousMycobacterium ulceransInfection in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Buruli Ulcer Disease","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108317365","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","mag":"2108317365","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19863437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/646615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044011096","display_name":"Richard Odame Phillips","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-0222","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-0222"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799504885","display_name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ks08368","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28046988","display_name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Phillips","raw_affiliation_strings":["Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and","School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885","https://openalex.org/I28046988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076703292","display_name":"Fred Stephen Sarfo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-5093","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-5093"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799504885","display_name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ks08368","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred\u00a0S. Sarfo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023069715","display_name":"Laure Guenin\u2010Mac\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9791-5308","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9791-5308"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laure Guenin\u2010Mac\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit\u00e9 Postulante de Pathog\u00e9nomique Mycobact\u00e9rienne Int\u00e9gr\u00e9e and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit\u00e9 Postulante de Pathog\u00e9nomique Mycobact\u00e9rienne Int\u00e9gr\u00e9e and","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036412535","display_name":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Decalf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1113-6128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1113-6128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157536573","display_name":"Institut Pasteur","ror":"https://ror.org/0495fxg12","country_code":"FR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157536573"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Decalf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, INSERM U818, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, INSERM U818, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I157536573"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028918213","display_name":"Mark H Wansbrough-Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165862685","display_name":"St George's, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/040f08y74","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I165862685","https://openalex.org/I4401726869"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Wansbrough\u2010Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["St George\u2019s University of London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"St George\u2019s University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165862685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078075662","display_name":"Matthew L. Albert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-6973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7285-6973","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6910-3708"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154526488","display_name":"Inserm","ror":"https://ror.org/02vjkv261","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157536573","display_name":"Institut Pasteur","ror":"https://ror.org/0495fxg12","country_code":"FR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157536573"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew\u00a0L. Albert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, INSERM U818, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, INSERM U818, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I157536573"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055958744","display_name":"Caroline Demangel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-586X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-586X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Demangel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit\u00e9 Postulante de Pathog\u00e9nomique Mycobact\u00e9rienne Int\u00e9gr\u00e9e and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit\u00e9 Postulante de Pathog\u00e9nomique Mycobact\u00e9rienne Int\u00e9gr\u00e9e and","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90987816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"200","issue":"11","first_page":"1675","last_page":"1684"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11316","display_name":"Mycobacterium research and diagnosis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12951","display_name":"Burkholderia infections and melioidosis","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buruli-ulcer","display_name":"Buruli ulcer","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-ulcerans","display_name":"Mycobacterium ulcerans","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycolactone","display_name":"mycolactone","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression","display_name":"immunosuppression","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemokines","display_name":"chemokines","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th1-th2-th17-cytokines","display_name":"Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+ T cells","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whole-blood-stimulation","display_name":"whole blood stimulation","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-persistence","display_name":"bacterial persistence","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-markers","display_name":"immunological markers","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-treatment-response","display_name":"antibiotic treatment response","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutaneous-mycobacterial-infection","display_name":"cutaneous mycobacterial infection","score":0.7319999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780661791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141154","display_name":"Mycobacterium ulcerans","level":3,"score":0.989351212978363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776261420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017169","display_name":"Buruli ulcer","level":3,"score":0.9595088958740234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6606234312057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.5910742878913879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13373296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421866","display_name":"Chemokine","level":3,"score":0.5872257351875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.578932523727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.5095177292823792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4358461797237396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31597277522087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1875227689743042}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000904","descriptor_name":"Antibiotics, Antitubercular","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001427","descriptor_name":"Bacterial Toxins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008213","descriptor_name":"Lymphocyte Activation","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014382","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014382","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014382","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis, Cutaneous","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015496","descriptor_name":"CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018709","descriptor_name":"Statistics, Nonparametric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018925","descriptor_name":"Chemokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018925","descriptor_name":"Chemokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018942","descriptor_name":"Macrolides","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019911","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium ulcerans","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054312","descriptor_name":"Buruli Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054312","descriptor_name":"Buruli Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054312","descriptor_name":"Buruli Ulcer","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/646615","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/646615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19863437","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19863437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.526.9022","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.526.9022","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.medschool.lsuhsc.edu/microbiology/docs/020310_caroline_m.ulcerans.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:pasteur-01402286v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pasteur.hal.science/pasteur-01402286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2009, 200 (11), pp.1675 - 1684. &#x27E8;10.1086/646615&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1933350751","https://openalex.org/W1989378439","https://openalex.org/W2013972132","https://openalex.org/W2025487514","https://openalex.org/W2034166604","https://openalex.org/W2038524253","https://openalex.org/W2062815165","https://openalex.org/W2070320537","https://openalex.org/W2072463150","https://openalex.org/W2074384053","https://openalex.org/W2077408214","https://openalex.org/W2085011633","https://openalex.org/W2099230550","https://openalex.org/W2100353445","https://openalex.org/W2102890188","https://openalex.org/W2104600295","https://openalex.org/W2108019431","https://openalex.org/W2118834179","https://openalex.org/W2119062645","https://openalex.org/W2124819877","https://openalex.org/W2133345278","https://openalex.org/W2134484307","https://openalex.org/W2136236947","https://openalex.org/W2140651687","https://openalex.org/W2146153867","https://openalex.org/W2146845331","https://openalex.org/W2147031727","https://openalex.org/W2151892531","https://openalex.org/W2159176058","https://openalex.org/W2162422719","https://openalex.org/W2164919223","https://openalex.org/W2168909955","https://openalex.org/W2170286890","https://openalex.org/W2477970838"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062815165","https://openalex.org/W2943366957","https://openalex.org/W1971373534","https://openalex.org/W3131986121","https://openalex.org/W7074146050","https://openalex.org/W402499629","https://openalex.org/W2593459589","https://openalex.org/W2164585279","https://openalex.org/W7074151958","https://openalex.org/W2896439091"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Buruli":[0],"ulcer":[1,28],"disease":[2,8,111,188],"(BUD)":[3],"is":[4,29],"an":[5,88],"emerging":[6],"human":[7,162],"caused":[9],"by":[10,81,141,164],"infection":[11],"with":[12,32,40,70,100,120,148],"Mycobacterium":[13],"ulcerans,":[14],"which":[15,179],"leads":[16],"to":[17,91,158,195],"the":[18,27,33,82,110,121,129,153,166,187,193],"development":[19],"of":[20,26,35,47,54,64,77,84,123,128,143,168,177,186],"necrotic":[21],"skin":[22],"lesions.":[23],"The":[24],"pathogenesis":[25],"closely":[30],"associated":[31],"production":[34],"mycolactone,":[36],"a":[37,51,74],"diffusible":[38],"cytotoxin":[39],"immunomodulatory":[41],"properties.":[42],"To":[43],"identify":[44],"immunological":[45,104,175],"correlates":[46],"BUD,":[48,178],"we":[49,173],"performed":[50],"broad":[52],"screen":[53],"inflammatory":[55],"mediators":[56],"in":[57,109,131,139,161],"serum":[58],"samples":[59],"and":[60,87,95,112,133],"stimulated":[61],"whole-blood":[62],"supernatants":[63],"patients.":[65],"We":[66],"found":[67],"that":[68,155],"patients":[69],"active":[71],"ulcers":[72],"displayed":[73],"distinctive":[75],"profile":[76],"immune":[78],"suppression,":[79],"marked":[80],"down-modulation":[83],"selected":[85],"chemokines":[86],"impaired":[89],"capacity":[90],"produce":[92],"Th1,":[93],"Th2,":[94],"Th17":[96],"cytokines":[97],"on":[98],"stimulation":[99],"mitogenic":[101],"agents.":[102],"These":[103],"defects":[105,130],"were":[106],"induced":[107],"early":[108],"resolved":[113],"after":[114],"anti-BUD":[115],"therapy,":[116],"establishing":[117],"their":[118],"association":[119],"presence":[122],"M.":[124],"ulcerans.":[125],"Interestingly,":[126],"some":[127],"cytokine":[132],"chemokine":[134],"response":[135,194],"could":[136],"be":[137,181],"mimicked":[138],"vitro":[140],"incubation":[142],"CD4(+)":[144],"peripheral":[145],"blood":[146],"lymphocytes":[147],"mycolactone.":[149],"Our":[150],"findings":[151],"support":[152],"hypothesis":[154],"mycolactone":[156],"contributes":[157],"bacterial":[159],"persistence":[160],"hosts":[163],"limiting":[165],"generation":[167],"adaptive":[169],"cellular":[170],"responses.":[171],"Moreover,":[172],"identified":[174],"markers":[176],"may":[180],"helpful":[182],"for":[183,191],"confirmatory":[184],"diagnosis":[185],"and,":[189],"especially,":[190],"monitoring":[192],"antibiotic":[196],"treatment.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
