{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108205288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","title":"On the Grammaticalization of Germank\u00f6nnen, d\u00fcrfen, sollen, m\u00f6gen, m\u00fcssen, andwollen","display_name":"On the Grammaticalization of Germank\u00f6nnen, d\u00fcrfen, sollen, m\u00f6gen, m\u00fcssen, andwollen","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108205288","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","mag":"2108205288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1040820700001591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211418","display_name":"American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures","issn_l":"1040-8207","issn":["1040-8207","2163-2030"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067113043","display_name":"Christopher \u039c. Stevens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7200-8042","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7200-8042"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher M. Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los AngelesDepartment of Germanic Languages and Literatures405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1539 [","University of California, Los Angeles Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures 405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1539 [stevens@humnet.ucla.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los AngelesDepartment of Germanic Languages and Literatures405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1539 [","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures 405 Hilgard Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90095-1539 [stevens@humnet.ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067113043"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37360473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"179","last_page":"206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.6312999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.6312999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12768","display_name":"Linguistics and language evolution","score":0.35989999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13156","display_name":"Historical Linguistics and Language Studies","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammaticalization","display_name":"grammaticalization","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal-verbs","display_name":"modal verbs","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sollen","display_name":"sollen","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemic-modality","display_name":"epistemic modality","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deontic-modality","display_name":"deontic modality","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor","display_name":"metaphor","score":0.8769999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135756266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1358208","display_name":"Grammaticalization","level":2,"score":0.9290224313735962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7180326581001282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.5658688545227051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.5517721176147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.48858508467674255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4621954560279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48314727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560570","display_name":"Modal verb","level":3,"score":0.4505411684513092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45034900307655334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776397901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24905","display_name":"Verb","level":2,"score":0.07700380682945251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1040820700001591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1040820700001591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211418","display_name":"American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures","issn_l":"1040-8207","issn":["1040-8207","2163-2030"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134841059","https://openalex.org/W173802895","https://openalex.org/W561873939","https://openalex.org/W1517744545","https://openalex.org/W1540839094","https://openalex.org/W1558939142","https://openalex.org/W1604749688","https://openalex.org/W1999146377","https://openalex.org/W2008164400","https://openalex.org/W2023762227","https://openalex.org/W2057032018","https://openalex.org/W2060667324","https://openalex.org/W2066307562","https://openalex.org/W2066920109","https://openalex.org/W2067493394","https://openalex.org/W2068552240","https://openalex.org/W2080667929","https://openalex.org/W2090535659","https://openalex.org/W2095169542","https://openalex.org/W2160456901","https://openalex.org/W2283063011","https://openalex.org/W2335680830","https://openalex.org/W2488023237","https://openalex.org/W2743476741","https://openalex.org/W2802600509","https://openalex.org/W3028187259","https://openalex.org/W3171230946","https://openalex.org/W4235233885","https://openalex.org/W4235950656","https://openalex.org/W4246181330","https://openalex.org/W4251482102","https://openalex.org/W4252119841","https://openalex.org/W4300663784","https://openalex.org/W4302204536","https://openalex.org/W6667592436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2951678917","https://openalex.org/W2112577579","https://openalex.org/W173122550","https://openalex.org/W603521970","https://openalex.org/W2531281414","https://openalex.org/W2513870223","https://openalex.org/W4400295640","https://openalex.org/W3035330688","https://openalex.org/W2478882472","https://openalex.org/W4200448386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article":[2],"the":[3,14,35,39,51,59,81,103,110,113],"development":[4,40,82],"of":[5,16,30,34,41,62,77,83,97,112],"Germank\u00f6nnen,":[6],"d\u00fcrfen,":[7],"sollen,":[8],"m\u00f6gen,":[9],"m\u00fcssen,":[10],"andwollenis":[11],"examined":[12],"in":[13,75,102,109],"light":[15],"grammaticalization":[17],"theory.":[18],"It":[19],"is":[20,94],"assumed":[21],"that":[22,93],"these":[23,63,84,98],"verbs":[24,43,85],"form":[25],"a":[26,90],"class":[27],"(or":[28],"subclass)":[29],"modal":[31,42,52],"auxiliaries.":[32],"Some":[33,96],"assertions":[36],"made":[37],"on":[38],"across":[44],"languages":[45],"are":[46,100],"examined.":[47],"For":[48],"example,":[49],"do":[50],"meanings":[53],"develop":[54],"from":[55,66],"nonmodal":[56],"meanings?":[57],"Do":[58],"epistemic":[60],"uses":[61],"auxiliaries":[64],"evolve":[65],"deontic":[67],"ones?":[68],"Can":[69],"such":[70],"an":[71],"evolution":[72],"be":[73,86],"described":[74,87],"terms":[76],"metaphor":[78],"and":[79],"can":[80],"as":[88],"following":[89],"distinct":[91],"\u201cpath\u201d":[92],"\u201cunidirectional\u201d?":[95],"questions":[99],"answered":[101],"affirmative,":[104],"but":[105],"new":[106],"question":[107],"arise":[108],"course":[111],"investigation.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
