{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107594447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","title":"Full Body: The Importance of the Phenotype in Evolution","display_name":"Full Body: The Importance of the Phenotype in Evolution","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107594447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","mag":"2107594447","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18489249"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108531169","display_name":"George Kampis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-9402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-9402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099710","display_name":"Collegium Budapest","ror":"https://ror.org/00j39nx61","country_code":"HU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099710"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George Kampis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collegium Budapest, Szenth\u00e1roms\u00e1g u. 2, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary","Contact author","History and Philosophy of Science, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. s. 1., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collegium Budapest, Szenth\u00e1roms\u00e1g u. 2, H-1014 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Contact author","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"History and Philosophy of Science, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. s. 1., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013652987","display_name":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Guly\u00e1s","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6367-6695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6367-6695","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-4264"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106118109","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704","country_code":"HU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121426","display_name":"AITIA International (Hungary)","ror":"https://ror.org/02fwr8382","country_code":"HU","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121426"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3 Guly\u00e1s","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aitia International Inc., Czetz J. u. 48-50, H-1039 Budapest, Hungary","History and Philosophy of Science, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. s. 1., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aitia International Inc., Czetz J. u. 48-50, H-1039 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121426"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"History and Philosophy of Science, E\u00f6tv\u00f6s University, P\u00e1zm\u00e1ny P. s. 1., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108531169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106118109","https://openalex.org/I4210099710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97051667,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"375","last_page":"386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.48969998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":0.48969998955726624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.4456000030040741,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14299","display_name":"Complex Systems and Dynamics","score":0.017400000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolution-of-complexity","display_name":"evolution of complexity","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypes","display_name":"phenotypes","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-complexity","display_name":"functional complexity","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanisms","display_name":"mechanisms","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-selection","display_name":"natural selection","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/niche-construction","display_name":"niche construction","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/niche-structure","display_name":"niche structure","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition-avoidance","display_name":"competition avoidance","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenotypic-plasticity","display_name":"phenotypic plasticity","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"causality","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-based-modeling","display_name":"agent-based modeling","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coevolution","display_name":"coevolution","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.7324879169464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6366070508956909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6076006293296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.5736466646194458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5448758602142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72362118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1356572","display_name":"Exaptation","level":2,"score":0.527424693107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.506461501121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5009558200836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19273510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263847","display_name":"Artificial life","level":2,"score":0.4709250330924988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.46411827206611633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4240208864212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10437067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139192","display_name":"Niche construction","level":2,"score":0.4119279980659485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.3961525857448578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2224004864692688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.16602063179016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.15155360102653503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.15153345465660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11952626705169678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000273","descriptor_name":"Adipose Tissue","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004777","descriptor_name":"Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049490","descriptor_name":"Systems Biology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/artl.2008.14.3.14310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18489249","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18489249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial life","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309134","display_name":"East Tennessee State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05rfqv493"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326124","display_name":"E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd Tudom\u00e1nyegyetem","ror":"https://ror.org/01jsq2704"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328860","display_name":"Magyarorsz\u00e1g Korm\u00e1nya","ror":"https://ror.org/007ekx298"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515814298","https://openalex.org/W1528908714","https://openalex.org/W1533696952","https://openalex.org/W1576676160","https://openalex.org/W1978706036","https://openalex.org/W1991183254","https://openalex.org/W2002626038","https://openalex.org/W2016279534","https://openalex.org/W2018045523","https://openalex.org/W2030841498","https://openalex.org/W2034984565","https://openalex.org/W2043855984","https://openalex.org/W2046050098","https://openalex.org/W2049696674","https://openalex.org/W2065442628","https://openalex.org/W2067629494","https://openalex.org/W2079772763","https://openalex.org/W2081694888","https://openalex.org/W2082968147","https://openalex.org/W2083364942","https://openalex.org/W2102360367","https://openalex.org/W2103596824","https://openalex.org/W2108609975","https://openalex.org/W2114574703","https://openalex.org/W2117231923","https://openalex.org/W2145250129","https://openalex.org/W2162170584","https://openalex.org/W2327962050","https://openalex.org/W2491517473","https://openalex.org/W2949003864","https://openalex.org/W3132501138","https://openalex.org/W3132758650","https://openalex.org/W3188862966","https://openalex.org/W4252474431","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2158833498","https://openalex.org/W2786906121","https://openalex.org/W2914882447","https://openalex.org/W2976785593","https://openalex.org/W2064073585","https://openalex.org/W2003850395","https://openalex.org/W2794875626","https://openalex.org/W2010668970","https://openalex.org/W3132126230","https://openalex.org/W2407932045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"is":[1,14,41,85,119,168,190,207,312,349,363],"a":[2,16,26,33,120,127,137,145,179,186,191,269,304,313,332],"position":[3],"paper":[4],"on":[5,109,220,323],"phenotype-based":[6],"evolution":[7,163,356],"modeling.":[8],"It":[9],"argues":[10],"that":[11,88,124,143,204,296,303,308,337],"evolutionary":[12],"complexity":[13,72,84,133,211,221,294,317,358],"essentially":[15],"functional":[17,132,344],"kind":[18],"of":[19,89,115,131,144,151,164,234,255,264,271,316,357,376],"complexity,":[20],"and":[21,38,49,63,80,91,104,142,196,239,258,278,335,370,381],"for":[22,209,342,352,379],"it":[23,260],"to":[24,87,92,97,160,176,212,261],"evolve,":[25],"full":[27],"body,":[28],"or,":[29],"in":[30,78,223,283,331,359],"other":[31],"words,":[32],"dynamically":[34],"defined,":[35],"deeply":[36],"structured,":[37],"plasticity-bound":[39],"phenotype":[40,272,307],"required.":[42],"In":[43],"approaching":[44],"this":[45,377],"subject,":[46],"we":[47,55,61,66,95,111,202,371],"ask":[48],"answer":[50,167],"some":[51],"key":[52],"questions,":[53],"which":[54,327],"think":[56,227],"are":[57,156,216,243,289,340],"interrelated.":[58],"The":[59],"questions":[60],"discuss":[62,372],"the":[64,113,149,162,217,232,235,240,246,251,262,265,275,284,290,324,355,373,383],"answers":[65],"propose":[67,112],"are:":[68],"(a)":[69],"How":[70],"should":[71],"growth":[73,130,222,295],"be":[74,299],"measured":[75],"or":[76],"operationalized":[77],"natural":[79,152,306],"artificial":[81],"systems?":[82,225,361],"Evolutionary":[83],"akin":[86],"machines,":[90],"operationalize":[93],"it,":[94],"need":[96],"study":[98],"how":[99],"machinelike":[100],"organismic":[101],"functions":[102],"work":[103,322],"develop.":[105],"Inspired":[106],"by":[107,245],"studies":[108],"causality,":[110],"notion":[114],"mechanism.":[116,146],"A":[117,129],"mechanism":[118],"simplified":[121],"causal":[122],"system":[123],"carries":[125],"out":[126,178],"function.":[128],"involves":[134],"interconversions":[135],"between":[136,193],"deep":[138],"(or":[139],"unused)":[140],"process":[141],"(b)":[147],"Are":[148],"principles":[150],"selection,":[153],"as":[154],"they":[155],"currently":[157],"understood,":[158],"sufficient":[159,341],"explain":[161],"complexity?":[165],"Our":[166],"strongly":[169],"negative.":[170],"Natural":[171],"selection":[172],"helps":[173],"adapting":[174],"mechanisms":[175,197],"carry":[177],"given":[180,244],"task,":[181],"but":[182],"will":[183],"not":[184],"generate":[185],"task.":[187],"Hence":[188],"there":[189],"tradeoff":[192],"available":[194],"tasks":[195],"fulfilling":[198],"them.":[199],"To":[200],"escape,":[201],"argue":[203],"competition":[205],"avoidance":[206],"required":[208],"new":[210],"emerge.":[213],"(c)":[214],"What":[215,288,347],"environmental":[218],"constraints":[219,229],"living":[224,360],"We":[226,249,267,301,319],"these":[228],"arise":[230],"from":[231,274],"structure":[233],"coevolving":[236],"ecological":[237],"system,":[238,326],"basic":[241],"frames":[242],"niche":[247,256],"structure.":[248],"consider":[250],"recently":[252],"popular":[253],"idea":[254],"construction":[257],"relate":[259],"plasticity":[263,273],"phenotype.":[266],"derive":[268],"form":[270],"hidden":[276],"(unused)":[277],"explicit":[279],"(functional)":[280],"factors":[281],"discussed":[282],"causality":[285],"part.":[286],"(d)":[287],"main":[291],"hypotheses":[292],"about":[293,354],"can":[297],"actually":[298],"tested?":[300],"hypothesize":[302],"rich":[305],"supports":[309],"causality-function":[310],"conversions":[311],"necessary":[314],"ingredient":[315],"growth.":[318],"review":[320],"our":[321],"FATINT":[325,362],"incorporates":[328],"similar":[329],"ideas":[330],"computer":[333],"simulation,":[334],"shows":[336],"full-body":[338],"phenotypes":[339],"achieving":[343],"evolution.":[345],"(e)":[346],"language":[348],"most":[350],"appropriate":[351],"speaking":[353],"developed":[364],"using":[365],"advanced":[366],"agent-based":[367],"modeling":[368],"techniques,":[369],"general":[374],"relevance":[375],"methodology":[378],"understanding":[380],"simulating":[382],"phenomena":[384],"discussed.":[385]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
