{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107553154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065","title":"Bureaucratic limits of firm size: empirical analysis using transaction cost economics","display_name":"Bureaucratic limits of firm size: empirical analysis using transaction cost economics","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107553154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065","mag":"2107553154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:87065","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/9030/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009828879","display_name":"Staffan Canb\u00e4ck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9892-398X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9892-398X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Staffan Canback","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tellusant, Inc., 240 Elm Street, Somerville, MA 02144, United States","Tellusant, Inc"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9892-398X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tellusant, Inc., 240 Elm Street, Somerville, MA 02144, United States","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tellusant, Inc","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009828879"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11912","display_name":"Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management","score":0.7314000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.09309999644756317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.07339999824762344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-cost-economics","display_name":"transaction cost economics","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oliver-williamson","display_name":"Oliver Williamson","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diseconomies-of-scale","display_name":"diseconomies of scale","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economies-of-scale","display_name":"economies of scale","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bureaucratic-failure","display_name":"bureaucratic failure","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-distortion","display_name":"communication distortion","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-rationality","display_name":"bounded rationality","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidivisional-organization","display_name":"multidivisional organization","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset-specificity","display_name":"asset specificity","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-performance","display_name":"firm performance","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-size-and-profitability","display_name":"firm size and profitability","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-firms","display_name":"manufacturing companies","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-forms","display_name":"organizational forms","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98965940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877496","display_name":"Transaction cost","level":2,"score":0.6885858178138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.5939090251922607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5165680646896362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4610535204410553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.42957356572151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4018287658691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.11137458682060242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:87065","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/9030","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/9030","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/9030/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/466815","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/466815","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"U - Thesis"},{"id":"doi:10.48683/1926.00087065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00087065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2429984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2429984","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2429984","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bura.brunel.ac.uk:2438/9030","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/9030","pdf_url":"http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/9030/1/FullTextThesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401473","display_name":"Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59433898","host_organization_name":"Brunel University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59433898"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2107553154.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2107553154.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":204,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31627850","https://openalex.org/W127775109","https://openalex.org/W151157839","https://openalex.org/W155473325","https://openalex.org/W217102536","https://openalex.org/W568305678","https://openalex.org/W588807903","https://openalex.org/W642141596","https://openalex.org/W1480130034","https://openalex.org/W1480287333","https://openalex.org/W1489018916","https://openalex.org/W1489828235","https://openalex.org/W1489956968","https://openalex.org/W1492172062","https://openalex.org/W1498750023","https://openalex.org/W1499170180","https://openalex.org/W1502670054","https://openalex.org/W1511343964","https://openalex.org/W1522479808","https://openalex.org/W1525642163","https://openalex.org/W1526534602","https://openalex.org/W1548098784","https://openalex.org/W1552113627","https://openalex.org/W1552178786","https://openalex.org/W1565149137","https://openalex.org/W1571998446","https://openalex.org/W1580191282","https://openalex.org/W1593348544","https://openalex.org/W1605404204","https://openalex.org/W1608206865","https://openalex.org/W1650431508","https://openalex.org/W1825581076","https://openalex.org/W1890850610","https://openalex.org/W1895366050","https://openalex.org/W1913727496","https://openalex.org/W1964142439","https://openalex.org/W1964583002","https://openalex.org/W1970515922","https://openalex.org/W1970611487","https://openalex.org/W1971117263","https://openalex.org/W1972422263","https://openalex.org/W1972698480","https://openalex.org/W1972922514","https://openalex.org/W1973308529","https://openalex.org/W1974780571","https://openalex.org/W1978875000","https://openalex.org/W1979705360","https://openalex.org/W1980393914","https://openalex.org/W1980582871","https://openalex.org/W1981040307","https://openalex.org/W1981391042","https://openalex.org/W1982108682","https://openalex.org/W1982923246","https://openalex.org/W1990333450","https://openalex.org/W1993191426","https://openalex.org/W1996620435","https://openalex.org/W1999686839","https://openalex.org/W2000506805","https://openalex.org/W2000704855","https://openalex.org/W2005606269","https://openalex.org/W2008537212","https://openalex.org/W2015930340","https://openalex.org/W2018474480","https://openalex.org/W2019699791","https://openalex.org/W2019949804","https://openalex.org/W2022526504","https://openalex.org/W2024045908","https://openalex.org/W2027396111","https://openalex.org/W2035174423","https://openalex.org/W2035654670","https://openalex.org/W2037720843","https://openalex.org/W2040198418","https://openalex.org/W2045426908","https://openalex.org/W2045660801","https://openalex.org/W2045755691","https://openalex.org/W2045962543","https://openalex.org/W2057109041","https://openalex.org/W2059334100","https://openalex.org/W2062071553","https://openalex.org/W2063377891","https://openalex.org/W2067531070","https://openalex.org/W2067687811","https://openalex.org/W2068165261","https://openalex.org/W2070335567","https://openalex.org/W2074349742","https://openalex.org/W2077119718","https://openalex.org/W2080061319","https://openalex.org/W2092620137","https://openalex.org/W2093509943","https://openalex.org/W2096416136","https://openalex.org/W2107553154","https://openalex.org/W2110738759","https://openalex.org/W2112878681","https://openalex.org/W2117455041","https://openalex.org/W2120488767","https://openalex.org/W2122753608","https://openalex.org/W2123171144","https://openalex.org/W2127761399","https://openalex.org/W2128607063","https://openalex.org/W2137358449","https://openalex.org/W2148055908","https://openalex.org/W2153897785","https://openalex.org/W2156282329","https://openalex.org/W2159984519","https://openalex.org/W2160860931","https://openalex.org/W2162448899","https://openalex.org/W2163781538","https://openalex.org/W2164503989","https://openalex.org/W2169145979","https://openalex.org/W2170921847","https://openalex.org/W2171157000","https://openalex.org/W2171585969","https://openalex.org/W2172206048","https://openalex.org/W2278442142","https://openalex.org/W2312729801","https://openalex.org/W2315556200","https://openalex.org/W2320144191","https://openalex.org/W2321206152","https://openalex.org/W2321396344","https://openalex.org/W2321816820","https://openalex.org/W2322194730","https://openalex.org/W2329693410","https://openalex.org/W2331202946","https://openalex.org/W2332827247","https://openalex.org/W2333548658","https://openalex.org/W2333815459","https://openalex.org/W2334331832","https://openalex.org/W2431295362","https://openalex.org/W2482781728","https://openalex.org/W2497115709","https://openalex.org/W2561436720","https://openalex.org/W2566856888","https://openalex.org/W2567200320","https://openalex.org/W2582140638","https://openalex.org/W2612899917","https://openalex.org/W2743266443","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2753225025","https://openalex.org/W2796445405","https://openalex.org/W2797580194","https://openalex.org/W2798795944","https://openalex.org/W2801783927","https://openalex.org/W2802250175","https://openalex.org/W2802691286","https://openalex.org/W2889872593","https://openalex.org/W2912997084","https://openalex.org/W2916367801","https://openalex.org/W2947602815","https://openalex.org/W3015634246","https://openalex.org/W3021117219","https://openalex.org/W3022050436","https://openalex.org/W3121131820","https://openalex.org/W3121804538","https://openalex.org/W3122078615","https://openalex.org/W3123733296","https://openalex.org/W3123826726","https://openalex.org/W3124140110","https://openalex.org/W3124201178","https://openalex.org/W3125304111","https://openalex.org/W3125360386","https://openalex.org/W3125682473","https://openalex.org/W3142221335","https://openalex.org/W3183246553","https://openalex.org/W3217012638","https://openalex.org/W4210410810","https://openalex.org/W4229509281","https://openalex.org/W4229599043","https://openalex.org/W4231228215","https://openalex.org/W4233043385","https://openalex.org/W4234691791","https://openalex.org/W4236523486","https://openalex.org/W4238723700","https://openalex.org/W4239958327","https://openalex.org/W4241270942","https://openalex.org/W4242430337","https://openalex.org/W4242579286","https://openalex.org/W4242892155","https://openalex.org/W4243836276","https://openalex.org/W4244322642","https://openalex.org/W4245815223","https://openalex.org/W4245970703","https://openalex.org/W4246595063","https://openalex.org/W4246941239","https://openalex.org/W4250916511","https://openalex.org/W4251723509","https://openalex.org/W4252597625","https://openalex.org/W4252708543","https://openalex.org/W4253578616","https://openalex.org/W4253644083","https://openalex.org/W4255422426","https://openalex.org/W4296154161","https://openalex.org/W4298091299","https://openalex.org/W4299320962","https://openalex.org/W4300615633","https://openalex.org/W4301066124","https://openalex.org/W4301412493","https://openalex.org/W4319780956","https://openalex.org/W4388083221","https://openalex.org/W4388085869","https://openalex.org/W4388114256","https://openalex.org/W6601239790","https://openalex.org/W6601248969","https://openalex.org/W6606123770","https://openalex.org/W6636106449"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542999949","https://openalex.org/W6977101505","https://openalex.org/W1528914127","https://openalex.org/W7100449232","https://openalex.org/W1535309430","https://openalex.org/W7098243096","https://openalex.org/W1552059360","https://openalex.org/W2381596278","https://openalex.org/W2044029750","https://openalex.org/W1982923246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,277],"thesis":[1],"tests":[2],"Oliver":[3],"Williamson\u2019s":[4,146],"proposition":[5],"that":[6,19,52,279],"transaction":[7,110,219],"cost":[8,111],"economics":[9],"can":[10,63],"explain":[11],"the":[12,39,69,106,120,159,201,252,259,271],"limits":[13,37,167],"of":[14,21,38,54,60,68,105,115,126,137,161,180,184,198,204,213,256,263,268,283],"firm":[15,140,173,194],"size.":[16],"Williamson":[17,50],"suggests":[18],"diseconomies":[20,53,212,255],"scale":[22,55,61,185,199,214,257,269],"are":[23,56,215],"manifested":[24],"through":[25],"four":[26],"interrelated":[27],"factors:":[28,221],"atmospheric":[29,162],"consequences":[30],"due":[31,45],"to":[32,46,83,236,289],"specialisation,":[33],"bureaucratic":[34,164,187,290],"insularity,":[35,165],"incentive":[36,166],"employment":[40],"relation":[41],"and":[42,62,73,86,101,124,128,142,149,168,210,224,238,261,270,281],"communication":[43,169],"distortion":[44],"bounded":[47],"rationality.":[48],"Furthermore,":[49],"argues":[51],"counteracted":[57],"by":[58,66,74,217,231],"economies":[59,179,267],"be":[64],"moderated":[65,216],"adoption":[67],"multidivisional":[70],"organisation":[71,222],"form":[72,160,223],"high":[75],"internal":[76],"asset":[77,225],"specificity.":[78,226],"Combined,":[79],"these":[80],"influences":[81],"tend":[82],"cancel":[84],"out":[85],"thus":[87],"there":[88],"is":[89],"not":[90],"a":[91,97,190],"strong,":[92],"directly":[93],"observable,":[94],"relationship":[95],"between":[96],"large":[98,205,244,284],"firm\u2019s":[99],"size":[100,141],"performance.":[102],"A":[103],"review":[104],"relevant":[107],"literature,":[108],"including":[109],"economics,":[112],"sociological":[113],"studies":[114,125,136],"bureaucracy,":[116],"information-processing":[117],"perspectives":[118],"on":[119,193],"firm,":[121],"agency":[122],"theory,":[123],"incentives":[127],"motivation":[129],"within":[130],"firms,":[131],"as":[132,134],"well":[133],"empirical":[135],"trends":[138],"in":[139,158],"industry":[143],"concentration,":[144],"corroborates":[145],"theoretical":[147],"framework":[148],"translates":[150],"it":[151],"into":[152],"five":[153],"hypotheses:":[154],"(1)":[155],"Bureaucratic":[156],"failure,":[157],"consequences,":[163],"distortion,":[170],"increases":[171],"with":[172],"size;":[174],"(2)":[175],"Large":[176],"firms":[177,206,264,285],"exhibit":[178],"scale;":[181],"(3)":[182],"Diseconomies":[183],"from":[186,242],"failure":[188],"have":[189,274],"negative":[191],"impact":[192],"performance;":[195],"(4)":[196],"Economies":[197],"increase":[200],"relative":[202],"profitability":[203,262],"over":[207],"smaller":[208],"firms;":[209],"(5)":[211],"two":[218],"cost-related":[220],"The":[227,248],"hypotheses":[228],"were":[229],"tested":[230],"applying":[232],"structural":[233],"equation":[234],"models":[235],"primary":[237],"secondary":[239],"cross-sectional":[240],"data":[241],"784":[243],"US":[245],"manufacturing":[246],"firms.":[247],"statistical":[249],"analyses":[250],"confirm":[251],"hypotheses.":[253],"Thus,":[254],"influence":[258],"growth":[260],"negatively,":[265],"while":[266],"moderating":[272],"factors":[273],"positive":[275],"influences.":[276],"implies":[278],"executives":[280],"directors":[282],"should":[286],"pay":[287],"attention":[288],"failure.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
