{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107544225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","title":"Hormone Replacement Therapy and Prevention of Nonvertebral Fractures","display_name":"Hormone Replacement Therapy and Prevention of Nonvertebral Fractures","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107544225","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","mag":"2107544225","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11401611"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100681877","display_name":"David John Torgerson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-4275","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-4275"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Torgerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of York, Genesis 6, University Road, Heslington, YO10 5DQ England. djt6@york.ac.uk","University of York, Genesis 6, University Road, Heslington, YO10 5DQ England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, Genesis 6, University Road, Heslington, YO10 5DQ England. djt6@york.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of York, Genesis 6, University Road, Heslington, YO10 5DQ England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085150781","display_name":"Sally EM Bell-Syer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sally E. M. Bell-Syer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.8983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":525,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99843623,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"285","issue":"22","first_page":"2891","last_page":"2891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10694","display_name":"Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10694","display_name":"Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10071","display_name":"Bone health and osteoporosis research","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10756","display_name":"Estrogen and related hormone effects","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1310","display_name":"Endocrinology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hormone-replacement-therapy","display_name":"hormone replacement therapy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-vertebral-fractures","display_name":"non-vertebral fractures","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-prevention","display_name":"fracture prevention","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hip-fracture","display_name":"hip fracture","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wrist-fractures","display_name":"wrist fractures","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postmenopausal-women","display_name":"postmenopausal women","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-effects","display_name":"age effects","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen","display_name":"estrogen","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unpublished-studies","display_name":"unpublished research","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trial-quality","display_name":"trial quality","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jadad-scale","display_name":"Jadad scale","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-analysis-of-trials","display_name":"meta-analysis of trials","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoporosis","display_name":"osteoporosis","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menopause","display_name":"menopause","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-health","display_name":"women's health","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-effects","display_name":"adverse effects","score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-evidence","display_name":"quality of evidence","score":0.3869999945163727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9371126890182495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136524200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3136977","display_name":"Jadad scale","level":4,"score":0.7955436706542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.7454061508178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.6851270794868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.6598973870277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5634335279464722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.5371167659759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204243189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363085","display_name":"Randomization","level":3,"score":0.526918351650238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.5072128772735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780159708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17003363","display_name":"Hormone replacement therapy (female-to-male)","level":3,"score":0.4809236228466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.453804075717926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4223724603652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4205765724182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.3490062952041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779279991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6058681","display_name":"Testosterone (patch)","level":2,"score":0.06072065234184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015914","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Replacement Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016032","descriptor_name":"Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050723","descriptor_name":"Fractures, Bone","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.22.2891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11401611","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11401611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:6479","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/6479/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:2741436012","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jama.jamanetwork.com/data/Journals/JAMA/4787/JMA00056.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis","display_name":"Meta-Analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8541533","https://openalex.org/W1511524925","https://openalex.org/W1971249337","https://openalex.org/W1979903686","https://openalex.org/W1989785305","https://openalex.org/W2004302812","https://openalex.org/W2026118438","https://openalex.org/W2028655493","https://openalex.org/W2033237298","https://openalex.org/W2035593552","https://openalex.org/W2039010341","https://openalex.org/W2039415315","https://openalex.org/W2041144723","https://openalex.org/W2041492652","https://openalex.org/W2043821663","https://openalex.org/W2073659712","https://openalex.org/W2074581657","https://openalex.org/W2078406992","https://openalex.org/W2084408138","https://openalex.org/W2088244676","https://openalex.org/W2089976549","https://openalex.org/W2094187443","https://openalex.org/W2094330965","https://openalex.org/W2097506722","https://openalex.org/W2102123887","https://openalex.org/W2104322072","https://openalex.org/W2110295371","https://openalex.org/W2113264115","https://openalex.org/W2116858560","https://openalex.org/W2153005915","https://openalex.org/W2153009489","https://openalex.org/W2168950796","https://openalex.org/W2186523636","https://openalex.org/W2254539161","https://openalex.org/W2304520185","https://openalex.org/W2332056249","https://openalex.org/W2426866456","https://openalex.org/W2742718982","https://openalex.org/W2762603006","https://openalex.org/W3012695018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7073685945","https://openalex.org/W1568691581","https://openalex.org/W3210853502","https://openalex.org/W1968274816","https://openalex.org/W2056673914","https://openalex.org/W2116858560","https://openalex.org/W2053569814","https://openalex.org/W2104322072","https://openalex.org/W2023177636","https://openalex.org/W2012246056"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CONTEXT:":[0],"Hormone":[1],"replacement":[2],"therapy":[3,135],"(HRT)":[4],"is":[5,14,23],"widely":[6],"considered":[7],"to":[8,84,91,112,114,129,147,175,235],"reduce":[9],"fractures,":[10],"but":[11,45,99],"this":[12,328],"belief":[13],"based":[15],"on":[16,51,138],"observational":[17],"data;":[18],"evidence":[19],"from":[20,70],"randomized":[21,33,128,234,314],"trials":[22,34,316],"lacking.":[24],"OBJECTIVE:":[25],"To":[26],"conduct":[27],"a":[28,75,210,239,256,266,320],"systematic":[29,82],"review":[30],"of":[31,35,79,134,183,189,259,284,313,317],"all":[32,80],"HRT":[36,215,236,285,318],"that":[37,46],"have":[38,49],"reported":[39],"or":[40,262],"collected":[41,98],"nonvertebral":[42,139,207,325],"fracture":[43,52,94],"data":[44,95,137,168],"may":[47,330],"not":[48,100],"focused":[50],"prevention.":[53],"DATA":[54,163,198],"SOURCES:":[55],"The":[56],"MEDLINE,":[57],"EMBASE,":[58],"Science":[59],"Citation":[60],"Index,":[61],"and":[62,74,106,136,145,170,187,191,278],"Cochrane":[63],"Controlled":[64],"Trials":[65,120],"Register":[66],"databases":[67],"were":[68,89,110,121,150,158,194],"searched":[69],"1997":[71],"through":[72],"2000":[73],"search":[76],"was":[77,201,230,265],"conducted":[78],"recent":[81],"reviews":[83],"identify":[85,115],"older":[86,334],"studies.":[87,117],"Authors":[88],"contacted":[90,111],"establish":[92],"whether":[93],"had":[96,126,238],"been":[97,127],"reported.":[101],"Researchers":[102],"in":[103,123,160,206,209,216,324,333],"the":[104,161,176,181,282],"field":[105],"pharmaceutical":[107],"companies":[108],"also":[109],"try":[113],"unpublished":[116],"STUDY":[118],"SELECTION:":[119],"included":[122,159],"which":[124,179],"participants":[125],"at":[130,141],"least":[131],"12":[132],"months":[133],"fractures":[140,208,280],"any":[142,148],"other":[143],"site":[144],"due":[146],"cause":[149],"available.":[151],"Of":[152],"70":[153],"initially":[154],"identified":[155],"studies,":[156],"22":[157],"analysis.":[162],"EXTRACTION:":[164],"Both":[165],"investigators":[166],"extracted":[167],"independently":[169],"appraised":[171],"trial":[172],"quality":[173],"according":[174],"Jadad":[177],"scale,":[178],"assesses":[180],"methods":[182],"randomization,":[184],"concealment":[185],"allocation,":[186],"reporting":[188],"withdrawals":[190],"dropouts.":[192],"Disagreements":[193],"resolved":[195],"by":[196],"discussion.":[197],"SYNTHESIS:":[199],"There":[200],"an":[202],"overall":[203],"27%":[204],"reduction":[205,323],"pooled":[211],"analysis":[212],"(reduction":[213],"favoring":[214],"relative":[217],"risk":[218],"[RR],":[219],"0.73;":[220],"95%":[221,248,271,291,305],"confidence":[222],"interval":[223],"[CI],":[224],"0.56-0.94;":[225],"P":[226,251,274,294,308],"=.02).":[227],"This":[228],"effect":[229,268,329],"greater":[231],"among":[232],"women":[233,254,298],"who":[237],"mean":[240,257],"age":[241,258],"younger":[242,299],"than":[243,300],"60":[244,260,301],"years":[245,261,302],"(RR,":[246,269,289,303],"0.67;":[247],"CI,":[249,272,292,306],"0.46-0.98;":[250],"=.03).":[252],"Among":[253],"with":[255],"older,":[263],"there":[264],"reduced":[267],"0.88;":[270],"0.71-1.08;":[273],"=.22).":[275],"For":[276],"hip":[277],"wrist":[279],"alone,":[281],"effectiveness":[283],"appeared":[286],"more":[287],"marked":[288],"0.60;":[290],"0.40-0.91;":[293],"=.02),":[295],"particularly":[296],"for":[297],"0.45;":[304],"0.26-0.79;":[307],"=.005).":[309],"CONCLUSIONS:":[310],"Our":[311],"meta-analysis":[312],"controlled":[315],"noted":[319],"statistically":[321],"significant":[322],"fractures.":[326],"However,":[327],"be":[331],"attenuated":[332],"women.":[335]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
