{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107022912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","title":"Noncoherent Spectral/Time/Spatial Optical CDMA System Using 3-D Perfect Difference Codes","display_name":"Noncoherent Spectral/Time/Spatial Optical CDMA System Using 3-D Perfect Difference Codes","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107022912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","mag":"2107022912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000821043","display_name":"Bih-Chyun Yeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-5153","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-5153"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bih-Chyun Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004695149","display_name":"Cheing-Hong Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheing-Hong Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103085205","display_name":"Jingshown Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-0117","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3765-0117"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingshown Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng, Nat. Taiwan Univ., Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88189545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"6","first_page":"744","last_page":"759"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11797","display_name":"graph theory and CDMA systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2607","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-code-division-multiple-access","display_name":"optical code division multiple access","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiuser-interference-cancellation","display_name":"multiple access interference cancellation","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-capacity","display_name":"user capacity","score":0.4699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47696715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233394","display_name":"Code division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.7258073091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.5721116662025452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.530795156955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4913405478000641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.45909175276756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4422062039375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38258492946624756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38112396001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34625867009162903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.33268800377845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.32522499561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16439193487167358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.12417808175086975}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2008.925680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2307745","display_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","issn_l":"0733-8724","issn":["0733-8724","1558-2213"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976642854","https://openalex.org/W2030243808","https://openalex.org/W2053529429","https://openalex.org/W2063273637","https://openalex.org/W2103294654","https://openalex.org/W2103876267","https://openalex.org/W2114993737","https://openalex.org/W2124526648","https://openalex.org/W2125293677","https://openalex.org/W2136213288","https://openalex.org/W2148338839","https://openalex.org/W2157665822","https://openalex.org/W2158067829","https://openalex.org/W2159541850","https://openalex.org/W2160135070","https://openalex.org/W2164320403","https://openalex.org/W2798368384"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2159541850","https://openalex.org/W2128232218","https://openalex.org/W2116801698","https://openalex.org/W4385146904","https://openalex.org/W2889272647","https://openalex.org/W2902312143","https://openalex.org/W2929892569","https://openalex.org/W2023862460","https://openalex.org/W3130267200","https://openalex.org/W2137561862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,20],"family":[6],"of":[7],"newly":[8],"constructed":[9],"codes,":[10,35,80],"named":[11],"three-dimensional":[12],"perfect":[13,41],"difference":[14,42],"codes":[15,69,74],"(3-D":[16],"PD":[17,34,79],"codes),":[18,71,76],"and":[19,52,89],"corresponding":[21],"system":[22,83,95],"structure":[23],"for":[24],"spectral/time/spatial":[25],"optical":[26],"code":[27],"division":[28],"multiple":[29],"access":[30],"(OCDMA).":[31],"The":[32],"3-D":[33],"which":[36],"are":[37],"generated":[38],"from":[39],"the":[40,47,54,62,81,87,93],"set,":[43],"can":[44,84,103],"further":[45],"suppress":[46,86],"phase-induced":[48],"intensity":[49],"noise":[50],"(PIIN)":[51],"possess":[53],"multiuser":[55],"interference":[56],"(MUI)":[57],"cancellation":[58],"property.":[59],"Compared":[60],"with":[61],"OCDMA":[63],"systems":[64],"using":[65],"modified":[66],"quadratic":[67],"congruence":[68],"(MQC":[70],"maximal-area":[72],"matrices":[73],"(M-matrices":[75],"or":[77],"2-D":[78],"proposed":[82,94],"effectively":[85],"PIIN":[88],"eliminate":[90],"MUI.":[91],"Hence,":[92],"not":[96],"only":[97],"has":[98],"better":[99],"performance,":[100],"but":[101],"also":[102],"accommodate":[104],"more":[105],"users.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
