{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106978016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","title":"Case-control studies of screening should carry a health warning. Response","display_name":"Case-control studies of screening should carry a health warning. Response","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106978016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","mag":"2106978016","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14681286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ije/dyg329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13389975","display_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0300-5771","issn":["0300-5771","1464-3685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103525697","display_name":"Margaret N Hoffman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012309432","display_name":"Lynn A. Rosenberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-2987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-2987"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn Rosenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109808576","display_name":"Samuel Shapiro","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103525697"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3423,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":4514},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"6","first_page":"1112","last_page":"1112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13544","display_name":"Women's cancer prevention and management","score":0.05040000006556511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.024299999698996544,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pap-smear-screening","display_name":"Pap smear screening","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-cancer","display_name":"cervical cancer","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/screening-participation","display_name":"screening uptake","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-control-study","display_name":"case-control study","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-screening","display_name":"opportunistic screening","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prenatal-screening","display_name":"prenatal screening","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-cape","display_name":"Western Cape","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776299755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432449","display_name":"Carry (investment)","level":2,"score":0.6546344757080078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5205503702163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3380786180496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.12876150012016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.07260724902153015}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002583","descriptor_name":"Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008403","descriptor_name":"Mass Screening","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008499","descriptor_name":"Medical Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014626","descriptor_name":"Vaginal Smears","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ije/dyg329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyg329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S13389975","display_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","issn_l":"0300-5771","issn":["0300-5771","1464-3685"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14681286","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14681286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of epidemiology","raw_type":"Comment"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560012080","https://openalex.org/W1984757452","https://openalex.org/W2009692174","https://openalex.org/W2042103448","https://openalex.org/W2082113221","https://openalex.org/W2098126593","https://openalex.org/W2105632898","https://openalex.org/W2107887211","https://openalex.org/W2109973234","https://openalex.org/W2116329478","https://openalex.org/W2134070988","https://openalex.org/W2153622221","https://openalex.org/W2168654836","https://openalex.org/W2277153567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090719000","https://openalex.org/W2978959109","https://openalex.org/W2418717103","https://openalex.org/W3137737685","https://openalex.org/W3186851045","https://openalex.org/W6999122573","https://openalex.org/W82572285","https://openalex.org/W2599144505","https://openalex.org/W2130802029","https://openalex.org/W2261098710"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,123],"her":[1],"commentary1":[2],"on":[3,41,50],"our":[4,56,128],"study":[5,57],"of":[6,27,36,76,84,117,160,162],"Pap":[7,42,96],"smear":[8],"screening":[9,29,43,133],"and":[10,38,44,141,168],"cervical":[11],"cancer":[12],"in":[13,55,65,119,127,144,155],"South":[14],"Africa,2":[15],"Dr":[16,22,78],"Raffle":[17,23,79],"makes":[18],"three":[19],"major":[20],"criticisms.":[21],"cites":[24],"the":[25,34,46,52,63,72,82,85,90,99,120,145,156],"importance":[26],"validating":[28],"histories":[30],"from":[31],"records.3":[32],"Given":[33],"lack":[35],"complete":[37,74],"available":[39],"records":[40],"therefore":[45],"need":[47],"to":[48,61],"rely":[49],"self-report,":[51],"nurse":[53],"interviewers":[54],"were":[58],"specially":[59],"trained":[60],"conduct":[62],"interviews":[64],"a":[66,106,115],"highly":[67],"standardized":[68],"manner":[69],"designed":[70],"for":[71],"most":[73],"ascertainment":[75],"information.":[77],"states":[80],"that":[81],"\u2018unreliability":[83],"data":[86],"is":[87,103,153],"betrayed":[88],"by":[89,110],"implausibly":[91],"high":[92,154],"73%":[93],"participation":[94],"(in":[95],"screening)":[97],"amongst":[98],"controls\u2019.":[100],"The":[101],"rate":[102],"not":[104],"implausible:":[105],"recent":[107],"population-based":[108],"survey":[109],"Fonn":[111],"et":[112],"al.":[113],"reported":[114],"prevalence":[116],"70.6%":[118],"Western":[121,157],"Cape.4":[122],"addition,":[124],"as":[125],"mentioned":[126],"article,":[129],"until":[130],"recently":[131],"opportunistic":[132],"was":[134],"performed":[135],"when":[136],"women":[137,161],"attended":[138],"family":[139],"planning":[140],"antenatal":[142,171],"clinics":[143,152],"public":[146],"health":[147],"sector.":[148],"Attendance":[149],"at":[150],"these":[151],"Cape:":[158],"73.7%":[159],"child-bearing":[163],"age":[164],"currently":[165],"use":[166],"contraception":[167],"91.7%":[169],"attend":[170],"clinics.5":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
