{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106636263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","title":"Seasonal variability in net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange over a young Switchgrass stand","display_name":"Seasonal variability in net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange over a young Switchgrass stand","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106636263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","mag":"2106636263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/gcbb.12049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/gcbb.12049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192395394","display_name":"GCB Bioenergy","issn_l":"1757-1693","issn":["1757-1693","1757-1707"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GCB Bioenergy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/gcbb.12049","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045669367","display_name":"Pradeep Wagle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-0461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradeep Wagle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University 368 AG Hall Stillwater OK 74078 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University 368 AG Hall Stillwater OK 74078 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043340344","display_name":"Vijaya Gopal Kakani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4809","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4809"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vijaya Gopal Kakani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University 368 AG Hall Stillwater OK 74078 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University 368 AG Hall Stillwater OK 74078 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043340344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"],"apc_list":{"value":3180,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3180},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2541,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91966133,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"4","first_page":"339","last_page":"350"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.5713000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.5713000297546387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12003","display_name":"Bioenergy crop production and management","score":0.4221000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switchgrass","display_name":"switchgrass","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-ecosystem-exchange","display_name":"net ecosystem exchange","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-respiration","display_name":"ecosystem respiration","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vapor-pressure-deficit","display_name":"vapor pressure deficit","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-response-curve","display_name":"light response curve","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-sink","display_name":"carbon sink","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellulosic-biofuels","display_name":"cellulosic biofuels","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-harvesting","display_name":"biomass harvesting","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southern-great-plains","display_name":"Southern Great Plains","score":0.8799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35187779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5336709","display_name":"Eddy covariance","level":3,"score":0.7342886924743652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6902362108230591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.6704443693161011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780207091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333883","display_name":"Ecosystem respiration","level":4,"score":0.6296491622924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14331020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907795","display_name":"Vapour Pressure Deficit","level":4,"score":0.5855346918106079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.545988142490387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.545626163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466543","display_name":"Panicum virgatum","level":4,"score":0.5261518359184265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.5203206539154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5141656398773193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.5044757127761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131366478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900892","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","level":3,"score":0.4873688817024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4614596962928772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149677717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611523","display_name":"Carbon sink","level":3,"score":0.4192364513874054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24717449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515905","display_name":"Primary production","level":3,"score":0.410846084356308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.364631712436676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.267616331577301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.24869203567504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.20156645774841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16240322589874268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.14971071481704712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157517311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167980","display_name":"Transpiration","level":3,"score":0.1280301809310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/gcbb.12049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/gcbb.12049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192395394","display_name":"GCB Bioenergy","issn_l":"1757-1693","issn":["1757-1693","1757-1707"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GCB Bioenergy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/gcbb.12049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12049","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/gcbb.12049","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192395394","display_name":"GCB Bioenergy","issn_l":"1757-1693","issn":["1757-1693","1757-1707"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"GCB Bioenergy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"},{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309482","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/045ntgf29"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332866","display_name":"Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2106636263.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2106636263.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1170869847","https://openalex.org/W1469616766","https://openalex.org/W1491189030","https://openalex.org/W1500310139","https://openalex.org/W1966515524","https://openalex.org/W1968651983","https://openalex.org/W1969428396","https://openalex.org/W1994464998","https://openalex.org/W2004177958","https://openalex.org/W2022157516","https://openalex.org/W2044144652","https://openalex.org/W2049356196","https://openalex.org/W2073378033","https://openalex.org/W2077888505","https://openalex.org/W2079537124","https://openalex.org/W2084078001","https://openalex.org/W2087892150","https://openalex.org/W2088886722","https://openalex.org/W2095280287","https://openalex.org/W2095630280","https://openalex.org/W2099196698","https://openalex.org/W2101613839","https://openalex.org/W2106176530","https://openalex.org/W2108803299","https://openalex.org/W2111480700","https://openalex.org/W2113907164","https://openalex.org/W2119338229","https://openalex.org/W2121149545","https://openalex.org/W2123095840","https://openalex.org/W2137825246","https://openalex.org/W2141379472","https://openalex.org/W2150016630","https://openalex.org/W2155879257","https://openalex.org/W2156748700","https://openalex.org/W2162539139","https://openalex.org/W2163606831","https://openalex.org/W2164559244","https://openalex.org/W2171609164","https://openalex.org/W2262084133","https://openalex.org/W4230206343"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2122717238","https://openalex.org/W2281147552","https://openalex.org/W4319987438","https://openalex.org/W1982327228","https://openalex.org/W2152370346","https://openalex.org/W3217077897","https://openalex.org/W2804425276","https://openalex.org/W2808592569","https://openalex.org/W1994464998","https://openalex.org/W2079711883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Understanding":[1],"carbon":[2,212,257,275],"dynamics":[3],"of":[4,61,69,133,193,196,224,259,296],"switchgrass":[5,10,261],"ecosystems":[6],"is":[7,15,280],"crucial":[8],"as":[9],"(Panicum":[11],"virgatum":[12],"L.)":[13],"acreage":[14],"expanding":[16],"for":[17,130,190],"cellulosic":[18],"biofuels.":[19],"We":[20],"used":[21],"eddy":[22],"covariance":[23],"system":[24],"and":[25,35,43,57,85,137,158,179,201,229,237,246],"examined":[26],"seasonal":[27,177,187,231],"changes":[28],"in":[29,48,64,94,99,175,203,244,271],"net":[30,210,222],"ecosystem":[31,40,44,211,219,262],"CO2":[32,155,167,225,242],"exchange":[33],"(NEE)":[34],"its":[36],"components":[37],"\u2013":[38,47],"gross":[39],"photosynthesis":[41,84,136],"(GEP)":[42],"respiration":[45],"(ER)":[46],"response":[49,127],"to":[50,116,150,268,290],"controlling":[51],"factors":[52],"during":[53,169,226],"the":[54,65,70,95,100,131,139,159,197,255,297],"second":[55],"(2011)":[56],"third":[58],"(2012)":[59],"years":[60,287],"stand":[62],"establishment":[63],"southern":[66],"Great":[67],"Plains":[68],"United":[71],"States":[72],"(Chickasha,":[73],"OK).":[74],"Larger":[75],"vapor":[76],"pressure":[77],"deficit":[78],"(VPD":[79],">":[80],"3":[81],"kPa)":[82],"limited":[83],"caused":[86],"asymmetrical":[87],"diurnal":[88],"NEE":[89,93,147,163],"cycles":[90],"(substantially":[91],"higher":[92],"morning":[96],"hours":[97],"than":[98],"afternoon":[101],"at":[102,120],"equal":[103],"light":[104],"levels).":[105],"Consequently,":[106],"rectangular":[107,124],"hyperbolic":[108,125],"light\u2013response":[109],"curve":[110],"(NEE":[111],"partitioning":[112],"algorithm)":[113],"consistently":[114],"failed":[115],"provide":[117],"good":[118],"fits":[119],"high":[121],"VPD.":[122],"Modified":[123],"light\u2013VPD":[126],"model":[128,140],"accounted":[129,189],"limitation":[132],"VPD":[134],"on":[135],"improved":[138],"performance":[141],"significantly.":[142],"The":[143,218],"maximum":[144],"monthly":[145],"average":[146],"reached":[148],"up":[149],"\u221233.02":[151],"\u00b1":[152,235,239],"1.96":[153],"\u03bcmol":[154],"m\u22122":[156,168,243],"s\u22121":[157],"highest":[160],"daily":[161],"integrated":[162],"was":[164,220],"\u221235.89":[165],"g":[166,241],"peak":[170],"growth.":[171],"Although":[172],"large":[173],"differences":[174,202],"cumulative":[176],"GEP":[178,194],"ER":[180,188],"were":[181,233],"observed":[182],"between":[183],"two":[184],"seasons,":[185],"total":[186,230],"about":[191],"75%":[192],"regardless":[195],"growing":[198],"season":[199],"lengths":[200],"aboveground":[204],"biomass":[205,278],"production.":[206],"It":[207],"suggests":[208],"that":[209,254],"uptake":[213],"increases":[214],"with":[215],"increasing":[216],"GEP.":[217],"a":[221,260,265,292],"sink":[223,267],"5\u20136":[227],"months":[228],"uptakes":[232],"\u22121128":[234],"130":[236],"\u22121796":[238],"217":[240],"2011":[245],"2012,":[247],"respectively.":[248],"In":[249],"conclusion,":[250],"our":[251],"findings":[252],"suggest":[253],"annual":[256],"status":[258,295],"can":[263],"be":[264],"small":[266,269],"source":[270],"this":[272],"region":[273],"if":[274],"loss":[276],"from":[277],"harvesting":[279],"considered.":[281],"However,":[282],"year\u2010round":[283],"measurements":[284],"over":[285],"several":[286],"are":[288],"required":[289],"assess":[291],"long\u2010term":[293],"source\u2010sink":[294],"ecosystem.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
