{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106510403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","title":"Luteinizing Hormone\u2010Releasing Hormone and Gamma\u2010Aminobutyric Acid Neurons in the Medial Preoptic Area are Synaptic Targets of Dopamine Axons Originating in Anterior Periventricular Areas","display_name":"Luteinizing Hormone\u2010Releasing Hormone and Gamma\u2010Aminobutyric Acid Neurons in the Medial Preoptic Area are Synaptic Targets of Dopamine Axons Originating in Anterior Periventricular Areas","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106510403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","mag":"2106510403","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8097941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100175869","display_name":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","issn_l":"0953-8194","issn":["0953-8194","1365-2826"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003734252","display_name":"Tam\u00e1s L. Horv\u00e1th","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-4602","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7522-4602"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamas L. Horvath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510","Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030184373","display_name":"Frederick Nicholas Naftolin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-6266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-6266"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick Naftolin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111661778","display_name":"Csaba Leranth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Csaba Leranth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Neurobiology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Neurobiology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":4550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6535,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92735104,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"71","last_page":"79"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10960","display_name":"Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones","score":0.9014000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10960","display_name":"Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones","score":0.9014000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.04969999939203262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.02370000071823597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone-neurons","display_name":"luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medial-preoptic-area","display_name":"medial preoptic area","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zona-incerta","display_name":"zona incerta","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-connectivity","display_name":"synaptic connectivity","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tyrosine-hydroxylase","display_name":"tyrosine hydroxylase","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7344592809677124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7233315706253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.7231231331825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778575703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50265477","display_name":"Luteinizing hormone","level":3,"score":0.6840158700942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776451244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240592","display_name":"Preoptic area","level":3,"score":0.5785418748855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71315377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364","display_name":"Hormone","level":2,"score":0.5610901117324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778894405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318896","display_name":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone","level":4,"score":0.42139601707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.39003175497055054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.37111103534698486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.37086355686187744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2734023630619049}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001369","descriptor_name":"Axons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001369","descriptor_name":"Axons","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002552","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Ventricles","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003078","descriptor_name":"Colchicine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005680","descriptor_name":"gamma-Aminobutyric Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005968","descriptor_name":"Glutamate Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005968","descriptor_name":"Glutamate Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007987","descriptor_name":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008854","descriptor_name":"Microscopy, Electron","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010835","descriptor_name":"Phytohemagglutinins","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011301","descriptor_name":"Preoptic Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011301","descriptor_name":"Preoptic Area","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014446","descriptor_name":"Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014446","descriptor_name":"Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016627","descriptor_name":"Oxidopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016707","descriptor_name":"Tissue Fixation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1993.tb00365.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100175869","display_name":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","issn_l":"0953-8194","issn":["0953-8194","1365-2826"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Neuroendocrinology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8097941","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8097941","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of neuroendocrinology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7437305451","display_name":"SYNAPTOLOGY OF NEURONS INVOLVED IN REPRODUCTION","funder_award_id":"R01HD023830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G95033686","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HD-23830","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W578677827","https://openalex.org/W1546859207","https://openalex.org/W1967898972","https://openalex.org/W1970956274","https://openalex.org/W1975552934","https://openalex.org/W1977679087","https://openalex.org/W1984113443","https://openalex.org/W1989270836","https://openalex.org/W1993269927","https://openalex.org/W1993661560","https://openalex.org/W1994107013","https://openalex.org/W1997397065","https://openalex.org/W2002882189","https://openalex.org/W2007112107","https://openalex.org/W2008187547","https://openalex.org/W2017925303","https://openalex.org/W2021659805","https://openalex.org/W2026307678","https://openalex.org/W2027088702","https://openalex.org/W2034894560","https://openalex.org/W2040338438","https://openalex.org/W2040675458","https://openalex.org/W2041815267","https://openalex.org/W2042249556","https://openalex.org/W2044202413","https://openalex.org/W2049327847","https://openalex.org/W2051095379","https://openalex.org/W2052956264","https://openalex.org/W2053117143","https://openalex.org/W2053309517","https://openalex.org/W2058620973","https://openalex.org/W2062633603","https://openalex.org/W2063524589","https://openalex.org/W2064981117","https://openalex.org/W2069070995","https://openalex.org/W2069927404","https://openalex.org/W2075290922","https://openalex.org/W2086438424","https://openalex.org/W2089901472","https://openalex.org/W2095447564","https://openalex.org/W2095669405","https://openalex.org/W2096428903","https://openalex.org/W2111840943","https://openalex.org/W2171584675","https://openalex.org/W2399591959","https://openalex.org/W2430686689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064981117","https://openalex.org/W2043054583","https://openalex.org/W1982785903","https://openalex.org/W2027629705","https://openalex.org/W1995404292","https://openalex.org/W2152688783","https://openalex.org/W2065617495","https://openalex.org/W2063524589","https://openalex.org/W2072685565","https://openalex.org/W2005559045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"aim":[2],"of":[3,16,20,69,89,97,104,113,115,255,291],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,53,125,154],"to":[7,82,128,232],"characterize":[8],"further":[9,109],"the":[10,14,17,35,72,95,111,119,129,141,145,176,180,202,213,226,250,256,267,292],"transmitter":[11],"content":[12],"and":[13,29,60,148,160,198,252,274,279],"location":[15],"parent":[18],"cells":[19,112,276],"tyrosine":[21,47,161,262],"hydroxylase\u2010immunoreactive":[22,263],"boutons":[23,246],"terminating":[24,265],"on":[25,55,170,266],"luteinizing":[26,44,163,195,234,271],"hormone\u2010releasing":[27,45,164,196,235,272],"hormone\u2010":[28],"glutamic":[30,50,167],"acid":[31,51,168],"decarboxylase\u2010immunoreactive":[32],"neurons":[33,200,285],"in":[34,190,201,225,249,287],"rat":[36],"medial":[37,73,203,268],"preoptic":[38,74,171,204,269],"area.":[39],"Electron":[40],"microscopic":[41],"immunostaining":[42,153],"for":[43,156],"hormone,":[46,165],"hydroxylase":[48],"or":[49,144,166,237],"decarboxylase":[52,169],"performed":[54,155],"desipramine\u2010pretreated":[56],"(to":[57],"protect":[58],"norepinephrine":[59],"epinephrine":[61],"axons)":[62],"rats":[63,135],"which":[64],"received":[65,136],"a":[66,137],"stereotaxic":[67],"injection":[68,139,178,215],"6\u2010hydroxydopamine":[70,138,177],"into":[71,140,179],"area":[75,172,270],"anteroventral":[76,181],"periventricular":[77,182,289],"nucleus":[78],"48":[79,149],"h":[80,150],"prior":[81],"sacrifice.":[83],"This":[84],"treatment":[85],"induced":[86],"acute":[87],"degeneration":[88],"dopamine":[90,117,222,284],"axon":[91,106],"terminals":[92],"characterized":[93],"by":[94],"development":[96],"autophagous":[98,184],"cytolysosomes,":[99],"an":[100],"early":[101],"morphological":[102],"sign":[103],"catecholamine":[105],"degeneration.":[107],"To":[108],"define":[110],"origin":[114],"these":[116,208],"boutons,":[118],"anterograde":[120],"marker":[121],"Phaseolus":[122,157,219,243],"vulgaris":[123,158,220,244],"leucoagglutinin":[124,159],"iontophoretically":[126],"applied":[127],"zona":[130,142,227],"incerta.":[131],"Six":[132],"days":[133],"later,":[134,151],"incerta":[143,228],"lateral":[146],"ventricle,":[147],"double":[152,214],"hydroxylase,":[162],"vibratome":[173],"sections.":[174],"Following":[175,212],"nucleus,":[183],"cytolysosome\u2010containing":[185],"degenerated":[186],"axons":[187,223],"were":[188,229,247],"found":[189,231],"synaptic":[191],"contact":[192,233],"with":[193],"both":[194],"hormone":[197,273],"GABA":[199,238,275],"area,":[205],"confirming":[206],"that":[207,261],"are":[209,277],"dopaminergic":[210,278],"connections.":[211],"treatment,":[216],"6\u2010hydroxydop\u2010amine\u2010induced":[217],"degenerated,":[218,242],"leucoagglutinin\u2010labeled":[221],"originating":[224],"not":[230],"hormone\u2010containing":[236],"cells.":[239],"Instead,":[240],"many":[241],"leucoagglutinin\u2010immunopositive":[245],"observed":[248],"dorsomedial":[251],"paraventricular":[253],"nuclei":[254],"hypothalamus.":[257,293],"These":[258],"observations":[259],"indicate":[260],"fibers":[264],"most":[280],"probably":[281],"originate":[282],"from":[283],"located":[286],"anterior":[288],"areas":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
