{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2105814537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","title":"ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PINYON PINES GROWING IN TWO ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES","display_name":"ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PINYON PINES GROWING IN TWO ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2105814537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","mag":"2105814537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35917800","display_name":"Ecology","issn_l":"0012-9658","issn":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020106375","display_name":"Catherine A. Gehring","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-9556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9393-9556"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine A. Gehring","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061260775","display_name":"Tad C. Theimer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-8661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4565-8661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tad C. Theimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030282419","display_name":"Thomas G. Whitham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-4342","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1262-4342"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas G. Whitham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045601734","display_name":"Paul Keim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0089-5820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0089-5820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203172682","display_name":"Northern Arizona University","ror":"https://ror.org/0272j5188","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Keim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Box 5640, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203172682"],"apc_list":{"value":3970,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3970},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.0912,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":226,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99081833,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"79","issue":"5","first_page":"1562","last_page":"1562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10451","display_name":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10451","display_name":"Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12713","display_name":"Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12934","display_name":"Plant and fungal interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ectomycorrhizal-fungi","display_name":"ectomycorrhizal fungi","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pinus-edulis","display_name":"Pinus edulis","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pinyon-pine","display_name":"pinyon pine","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-community-structure","display_name":"fungal community structure","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandy-loam","display_name":"sandy loam soil","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-type","display_name":"soil type","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-richness","display_name":"species richness","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basidiomycota","display_name":"Basidiomycota","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ascomycota","display_name":"Ascomycota","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-arid-ecosystems","display_name":"semi-arid ecosystems","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fungal-diversity","display_name":"fungal diversity","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-arizona","display_name":"northern Arizona","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism","display_name":"restriction fragment length polymorphism","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780335910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3047120","display_name":"Ectomycorrhiza","level":5,"score":0.7561826705932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113578266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131303","display_name":"Loam","level":3,"score":0.742293119430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84948697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16742056","display_name":"Cinder","level":3,"score":0.7365614175796509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6086397171020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53565203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146659","display_name":"Species richness","level":2,"score":0.5270258188247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.5260488986968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.5092209577560425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160934017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10926413","display_name":"Soil type","level":3,"score":0.4491193890571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.443486750125885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71908930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151068","display_name":"Edaphic","level":3,"score":0.4411601722240448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164638232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7070482","display_name":"Nutrient cycle","level":3,"score":0.43431204557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.41437551379203796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.4069215953350067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99974","display_name":"Mycorrhiza","level":4,"score":0.384457528591156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1414106786251068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43144210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121610","display_name":"Symbiosis","level":3,"score":0.07531243562698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[1562:efcsop]2.0.co;2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35917800","display_name":"Ecology","issn_l":"0012-9658","issn":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/176776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/176776","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/176776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35917800","display_name":"Ecology","issn_l":"0012-9658","issn":["0012-9658","1939-9170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.9599999785423279,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332478","display_name":"U.S. Forest Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmjc935"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W51738798","https://openalex.org/W74990484","https://openalex.org/W183911390","https://openalex.org/W1247887038","https://openalex.org/W1532839665","https://openalex.org/W1562673428","https://openalex.org/W1964892261","https://openalex.org/W1972691311","https://openalex.org/W1976347894","https://openalex.org/W1976536796","https://openalex.org/W1991611211","https://openalex.org/W1996670866","https://openalex.org/W1999433436","https://openalex.org/W2006666495","https://openalex.org/W2010848290","https://openalex.org/W2017308477","https://openalex.org/W2019655287","https://openalex.org/W2021438117","https://openalex.org/W2024393632","https://openalex.org/W2026482649","https://openalex.org/W2027975149","https://openalex.org/W2029420218","https://openalex.org/W2035602127","https://openalex.org/W2045320947","https://openalex.org/W2045688781","https://openalex.org/W2045729834","https://openalex.org/W2047283922","https://openalex.org/W2048185589","https://openalex.org/W2061035135","https://openalex.org/W2061718435","https://openalex.org/W2062631198","https://openalex.org/W2067076984","https://openalex.org/W2073161227","https://openalex.org/W2078872583","https://openalex.org/W2091415634","https://openalex.org/W2093777948","https://openalex.org/W2096586203","https://openalex.org/W2104853346","https://openalex.org/W2109871792","https://openalex.org/W2116243249","https://openalex.org/W2126259146","https://openalex.org/W2130889389","https://openalex.org/W2134091342","https://openalex.org/W2144430467","https://openalex.org/W2273605253","https://openalex.org/W2323114213","https://openalex.org/W2333778045","https://openalex.org/W2626073668","https://openalex.org/W2751793438","https://openalex.org/W4239573145","https://openalex.org/W4249411306","https://openalex.org/W4249968795","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245116228","https://openalex.org/W4415255013","https://openalex.org/W2582070263","https://openalex.org/W2134626502","https://openalex.org/W293841219","https://openalex.org/W1974353010","https://openalex.org/W2049246683","https://openalex.org/W2056982206","https://openalex.org/W1992090930","https://openalex.org/W2921590642"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"used":[1],"molecular":[2],"techniques":[3],"to":[4,54,119,347,417],"examine":[5],"the":[6,127,215,219,225,235,238,250,285,303,324,345,349,354,370,382],"ectomycorrhizal":[7,79,112,133,161,259,281,313,325,350,373],"fungal":[8,134,162,167,177,189,247,308,374,386],"community":[9,65,178],"associated":[10],"with":[11,38,141,203,335],"pinyon":[12],"pine":[13],"(Pinus":[14],"edulis)":[15],"growing":[16],"in":[17,21,31,58,61,98,366,372,419],"two":[18],"soil":[19,88,148,171,174,194,379],"types":[20,163,168,195,288,297,380],"a":[22,109,114,254,279],"semiarid":[23],"region":[24],"of":[25,78,143,160,165,188,212,214,224,234,245,257,264,306,312,323,390],"northern":[26],"Arizona:":[27],"cinder":[28,59,100,153,239,269],"soils":[29,37,103,156],"low":[30],"nutrients":[32],"and":[33,35,41,67,101,122,150,154,176,295],"moisture,":[34],"sandy-loam":[36,62,102,155,220],"higher":[39],"moisture":[40,151],"nutrient":[42,149],"levels.":[43],"Pinyon":[44],"performance":[45],"(e.g.,":[46],"growth,":[47],"reproduction,":[48],"water":[49],"stress)":[50],"has":[51],"been":[52],"shown":[53],"be":[55],"markedly":[56],"lower":[57],"than":[60,196,359],"environments.":[63,368],"Fungal":[64],"composition":[66,179],"richness":[68,137],"were":[69,104,180,222,241,274],"determined":[70],"using":[71,201],"RFLP":[72,282,287,304],"(restriction":[73],"fragment":[74],"length":[75],"polymorphism)":[76],"analysis":[77,184],"root":[80,260,314],"tips":[81,261],"collected":[82],"from":[83,93,191,262],"three":[84],"sites":[85,192,221,240,329],"within":[86,193],"each":[87,263],"type.":[89],"Several":[90],"patterns":[91,305],"emerged":[92],"these":[94,328,406,420],"analyses.":[95],"First,":[96],"communities":[97,190,351,375],"both":[99,170],"dominated":[105,275],"by":[106,243,276],"one":[107,268,277],"or":[108,278],"few":[110,280],"abundant":[111,337],"types,":[113],"species":[115,393],"abundance":[116],"pattern":[117,128],"common":[118],"many":[120,130,317,322],"plant":[121,355,392],"animal":[123],"communities.":[124],"Second,":[125],"unlike":[126],"for":[129,169,206],"other":[131,246,333],"organisms,":[132],"type":[135,175],"(species)":[136],"was":[138],"not":[139,290,340,398],"correlated":[140],"measures":[142],"ecosystem":[144],"productivity":[145],"such":[146],"as":[147,182],"levels;":[152],"had":[157],"similar":[158],"numbers":[159],"(range":[164],"15\u201319":[166],"types).":[172],"Third,":[173],"linked,":[181],"cluster":[183],"demonstrated":[185],"greater":[186],"similarity":[187],"between":[197,378],"them.":[198],"Differential":[199],"amplification":[200],"primers":[202],"enhanced":[204],"specificity":[205],"basidiomycetes":[207],"indicated":[208,271],"that":[209,272,321,384,411],"an":[210],"average":[211],"85%":[213],"ectomycorrhiza":[216,236],"found":[217],"at":[218,237,267,327],"members":[223,244],"subphylum":[226,251],"Basidiomycotina,":[227],"whereas":[228,332],"over":[229,394],"half":[230],"(mean":[231],"=":[232],"52%)":[233],"formed":[242,352],"groups,":[248],"probably":[249],"Ascomycotina.":[252],"Fourth,":[253],"preliminary":[255],"survey":[256],"14\u201345":[258],"20":[265],"trees":[266,273],"site":[270],"types.":[283],"However,":[284],"same":[286],"did":[289,318],"dominate":[291],"on":[292,353,362],"all":[293],"trees,":[294],"dominant":[296],"showed":[298],"considerable":[299],"spatial":[300],"variation.":[301],"Fifth,":[302],"some":[307],"sporocarps":[309,338,363],"matched":[310],"those":[311],"tips,":[315],"but":[316],"not,":[319],"indicating":[320],"fungi":[326,334],"fruit":[330],"infrequently,":[331],"more":[336],"may":[339],"form":[341],"ectomycorrhiza.":[342],"This":[343],"emphasizes":[344],"need":[346],"characterize":[348],"roots":[356],"themselves,":[357],"rather":[358],"characterization":[360],"based":[361],"alone,":[364],"particularly":[365],"arid":[367],"Finally,":[369],"differences":[371],"we":[376],"observed":[377],"supported":[381],"concept":[383],"conserving":[385],"diversity":[387],"requires":[388],"conservation":[389,421],"host":[391],"their":[395],"entire":[396],"range,":[397],"just":[399],"typical":[400],"sites.":[401],"If":[402],"future":[403],"studies":[404],"corroborate":[405],"patterns,":[407],"our":[408],"results":[409],"suggest":[410],"abiotically":[412],"stressful":[413],"environments":[414],"are":[415],"important":[416],"include":[418],"efforts.":[422]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
