{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2105535255","doi":null,"title":"The role of glutamine in the oxidative metabolism of malignant cells.","display_name":"The role of glutamine in the oxidative metabolism of malignant cells.","publication_year":1972,"publication_date":"1972-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2105535255","mag":"2105535255","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4400467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:4400467","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4400467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Z Kovacevi\u0107","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z Kovacevi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109001622","display_name":"Harold P. Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H P Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.27,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":223,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91808712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"2","first_page":"326","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10631","display_name":"Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism","score":0.8345000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10631","display_name":"Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism","score":0.8345000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12770","display_name":"Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism","score":0.13169999420642853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14135","display_name":"Cancer and biochemical research","score":0.010200000368058681,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutamine","display_name":"glutamine","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-mitochondria","display_name":"tumor mitochondria","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-metabolism","display_name":"oxidative metabolism","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-respiration","display_name":"tumor respiration","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morris-hepatoma","display_name":"Morris hepatoma","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glutamate","display_name":"glutamate","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyruvate","display_name":"pyruvate","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-consumption","display_name":"oxygen consumption","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-production","display_name":"CO2 production","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-membrane-permeability","display_name":"mitochondrial membrane permeability","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-growth","display_name":"tumor growth","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779349466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181619","display_name":"Glutamine","level":3,"score":0.8438057899475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109549099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24773687","display_name":"Glutaminase","level":4,"score":0.8405423164367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.6714354157447815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28859421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39572","display_name":"Mitochondrion","level":2,"score":0.6501289010047913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182215343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472287","display_name":"Respiration","level":2,"score":0.5696637630462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57600042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q227564","display_name":"Oxidative phosphorylation","level":2,"score":0.569294810295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75520062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15321392","display_name":"NAD+ kinase","level":3,"score":0.535179078578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62231903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057","display_name":"Metabolism","level":2,"score":0.5198098421096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777202666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417383","display_name":"Glutamate dehydrogenase","level":4,"score":0.5035099387168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61174792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420510","display_name":"Glutamate receptor","level":3,"score":0.4882254898548126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4432939887046814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.39112338423728943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.28270626068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.07325956225395203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000641","descriptor_name":"Ammonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002247","descriptor_name":"Carbon Isotopes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002286","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003486","descriptor_name":"Cyanides","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005971","descriptor_name":"Glutamates","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005972","descriptor_name":"Glutaminase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005973","descriptor_name":"Glutamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006528","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006835","descriptor_name":"Hydrazones","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007656","descriptor_name":"Ketoglutaric Acids","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008928","descriptor_name":"Mitochondria","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008928","descriptor_name":"Mitochondria","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009249","descriptor_name":"NADP","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009374","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Experimental","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011773","descriptor_name":"Pyruvates","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012402","descriptor_name":"Rotenone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D066298","descriptor_name":"In Vitro Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:4400467","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4400467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mouseion.jax.org:ssbb1972-1183","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mouseion.jax.org/ssbb1972/184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196421","display_name":"The Mouseion at the JAXlibrary (Jackson Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210115256","host_organization_name":"Jackson Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115256"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Subject Strain Bibliography 1972","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2105535255","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4400467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503540946","https://openalex.org/W1946557319","https://openalex.org/W1969168322","https://openalex.org/W2056260024","https://openalex.org/W1972358035","https://openalex.org/W1966335038","https://openalex.org/W2028307565","https://openalex.org/W2005954302","https://openalex.org/W2036930304","https://openalex.org/W2028608252"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary":[0],"Experimental":[2],"evidence":[3],"is":[4,114,198,211,235],"presented":[5],"indicating":[6],"a":[7,47,186,199,220],"very":[8],"good":[9,200],"correlation":[10,48],"between":[11,49,227],"the":[12,18,26,50,53,56,59,62,67,71,80,93,105,117,122,137,144,159,167,171,178,193,214,217,224],"activity":[13,184],"of":[14,20,22,28,36,52,55,64,66,70,73,82,95,107,116,127,146,149,162,170,177,180,189,213,219],"mitochondrial":[15,172,194,238],"glutaminase":[16,37,183],"and":[17,61,84,90,92,109,124,229,240],"rate":[19,63,72],"respiration":[21,239],"tumor":[23,102],"mitochondria":[24,41,78,138],"in":[25,38,79,104,121,133,143,158,192,216,223],"presence":[27,81,106,145],"glutamine.":[29],"K":[30],"m":[31],"measurements":[33],"for":[34,58,174,202,237],"glutamine":[35,83,108,113,150],"intact,":[39],"coupled":[40],"isolated":[42,77],"from":[43],"Morris":[44],"hepatomas":[45],"showed":[46],"increase":[51],"affinity":[54],"enzyme":[57],"substrate":[60],"growth":[65],"tumors.":[68],"Comparison":[69],"oxygen":[74],"consumption":[75],"by":[76,100],"two":[85],"other":[86],"physiological":[87],"substrates,":[88],"glutamate":[89,181,197],"pyruvate,":[91],"measurement":[94],"CO":[96],"2":[97],"production":[99],"intact":[101],"cells":[103,131],"glucose":[110],"indicated":[111],"that":[112,209],"one":[115,212],"most":[118],"important":[119,236],"substrates":[120],"oxidative":[123],"energy":[125,241],"metabolism":[126],"rapidly":[128],"growing":[129],"malignant":[130],"vivo":[134],".":[135],"If":[136],"are":[139],"able":[140],"to":[141],"respire":[142],"low":[147],"concentrations":[148],"(below":[151],"1":[152],"mm),":[153],"they":[154],"do":[155],"not":[156],"swell":[157],"isoosmotic":[160],"solution":[161],"ammonium":[163],"glutamate,":[164],"which":[165],"indicates":[166],"relative":[168],"impermeability":[169],"membrane":[173],"glutamate.":[175],"Measurement":[176],"distribution":[179],"during":[182],"revealed":[185],"high":[187],"accumulation":[188],"this":[190,210,233],"metabolite":[191],"compartment.":[195],"Because":[196],"reductant":[201],"NAD(P)":[203],"+":[204],",":[205],"it":[206],"was":[207],"assumed":[208],"factors":[215],"maintenance":[218],"great":[221],"difference":[222,234],"oxidation-reduction":[225],"state":[226],"intra-":[228],"extramitochondrial":[230],"pyridine":[231],"nucleotides;":[232],"production.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}