{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2105247183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","title":"Radio-Wave Propagation Into Large Building Structures\u2014Part 1: CW Signal Attenuation and Variability","display_name":"Radio-Wave Propagation Into Large Building Structures\u2014Part 1: CW Signal Attenuation and Variability","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2105247183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","mag":"2105247183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113675136","display_name":"William F. Young","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William F. Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","Sandia National Lab, Albuquerque, NM (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Lab, Albuquerque, NM (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029002398","display_name":"Christopher L. Holloway","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-9935","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-9935"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher L. Holloway","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034628230","display_name":"Galen H. Koepke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Galen Koepke","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067627940","display_name":"Dennis G. Camell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Camell","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074546678","display_name":"Yann Becquet","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yann Becquet","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090333484","display_name":"Kate A. Remley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-5425","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-5425"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kate A. Remley","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1858,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91687476,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"4","first_page":"1279","last_page":"1289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-wave-propagation","display_name":"radio wave propagation","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-attenuation","display_name":"signal attenuation","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-variability","display_name":"signal variability","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-wave-signals","display_name":"continuous wave signals","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-communication","display_name":"disaster communication","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ism-band","display_name":"ISM band","score":0.7739999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.8285117149353027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.7183212041854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.627461314201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983886724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4262","display_name":"Radio signal","level":3,"score":0.5840311646461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96513508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4262","display_name":"Radio wave","level":2,"score":0.5541818141937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5465989112854004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5246235132217407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.5183842778205872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5160183906555176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.4798443019390106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.47453105449676514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76843793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation model","level":3,"score":0.4609532654285431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.42779096961021423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.42695939540863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32544809579849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3079400062561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1948346495628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.18182817101478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tap.2010.2041142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S85738991","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","issn_l":"0018-926X","issn":["0018-926X","1558-2221"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320753","host_organization_name":"IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320753","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Antennas & Propagation Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535549400","https://openalex.org/W1567334228","https://openalex.org/W1856626901","https://openalex.org/W1970674657","https://openalex.org/W1990113127","https://openalex.org/W2004576634","https://openalex.org/W2009260989","https://openalex.org/W2018817825","https://openalex.org/W2069119858","https://openalex.org/W2102954823","https://openalex.org/W2121325020","https://openalex.org/W2130125887","https://openalex.org/W2134586652","https://openalex.org/W2134914379","https://openalex.org/W2135445944","https://openalex.org/W2137033494","https://openalex.org/W2149081140","https://openalex.org/W2157896892","https://openalex.org/W2627082277","https://openalex.org/W2735990173","https://openalex.org/W2736416131","https://openalex.org/W2750372151","https://openalex.org/W2896057878","https://openalex.org/W4246071411"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2328626936","https://openalex.org/W2904905220","https://openalex.org/W2059306835","https://openalex.org/W7100734632","https://openalex.org/W1515942255","https://openalex.org/W2750372151","https://openalex.org/W2104864132","https://openalex.org/W1964875000","https://openalex.org/W2741063872","https://openalex.org/W2157937575"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,58,82,128],"report":[1,118],"on":[2],"our":[3],"investigation":[4],"into":[5,21],"radio":[6,32,84],"communications":[7,20],"problems":[8],"faced":[9],"by":[10,35],"emergency":[11],"responders":[12],"in":[13,39,61,66,123],"disaster":[14],"situations.":[15],"A":[16],"fundamental":[17],"challenge":[18,46],"to":[19,69,101],"and":[22,37,43,76,90,113,144],"out":[23],"of":[24,31,139,147],"large":[25,49,56,63,80,125],"buildings":[26],"is":[27,47],"the":[28,40,48,95,120,130,133,140,148],"strong":[29],"attenuation":[30,75],"signals":[33],"caused":[34],"losses":[36],"scattering":[38],"building":[41,64,126],"materials":[42],"structure.":[44],"Another":[45],"signal":[50],"variability":[51,77],"that":[52],"occurs":[53],"throughout":[54,78,87],"these":[55,88],"structures.":[57,81,96,127],"designed":[59],"experiments":[60],"various":[62],"structures":[65,89],"an":[67],"effort":[68],"quantify":[70],"continuous":[71],"wave":[72],"(CW)":[73],"radio-signal":[74],"twelve":[79,124],"carried":[83],"frequency":[85],"transmitters":[86,98],"placed":[91],"receiving":[92],"systems":[93],"outside":[94],"The":[97],"were":[99],"tuned":[100],"frequencies":[102],"near":[103],"public":[104],"safety,":[105],"cell":[106],"phone":[107],"bands,":[108],"as":[109,111],"well":[110],"ISM":[112],"wireless":[114],"LAN":[115],"bands.":[116],"This":[117],"summarizes":[119],"experiments,":[121,131],"performed":[122],"describe":[129],"detail":[132],"measurement":[134],"system,":[135],"show":[136],"primary":[137],"results":[138],"data":[141],"we":[142,152],"collected,":[143],"discuss":[145],"some":[146],"interesting":[149],"propagation":[150],"effects":[151],"observed.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}