{"id":"https://openalex.org/W210509658","doi":null,"title":"SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 23: SeaWiFS prelaunch radiometric calibration and spectral characterization","display_name":"SeaWiFS technical report series. Volume 23: SeaWiFS prelaunch radiometric calibration and spectral characterization","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W210509658","mag":"210509658"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:210509658","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19950005946/downloads/19950005946.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109068527","display_name":"Robert A. Barnes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5332623","display_name":"ManTech International (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01x653j15","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5332623"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Barnes","raw_affiliation_strings":["ManTech, Inc. Wallops Island, VA., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ManTech, Inc. Wallops Island, VA., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5332623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060642669","display_name":"Alan W. Holmes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Holmes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Santa Barbara Research Center CA., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Barbara Research Center CA., United States","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020796457","display_name":"William L. Barnes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-5534","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-5534"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William L. Barnes","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9474-5534","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072968730","display_name":"Wayne E. Esaias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wayne E. Esaias","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042784583","display_name":"Charles R. McClain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles R. McClain","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050607304","display_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Sv\u00edtek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-7104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-7104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Sv\u00edtek","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-7104","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111897973","display_name":"Stanford B. Hooker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanford B. Hooker","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031483548","display_name":"Elaine R. Firestone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elaine R. Firestone","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082766088","display_name":"James G. Acker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3031-5673","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3031-5673","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-9615"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James G. Acker","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3031-5673","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD., United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2118,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78211587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12019","display_name":"Calibration and Measurement Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12983","display_name":"Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seawifs","display_name":"SeaWiFS","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiometric-calibration","display_name":"radiometric calibration","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectroscopic-characterization","display_name":"spectroscopic characterization","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-band-response","display_name":"out-of-band response","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-radiance","display_name":"cloud radiance","score":0.6299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117082904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2261857","display_name":"SeaWiFS","level":4,"score":0.9719372391700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.8818789720535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7652513980865479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6758567094802856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.54713374376297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.5362633466720581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778522173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281293","display_name":"Radiometric calibration","level":3,"score":0.49406054615974426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114700698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2882278","display_name":"Spectral bands","level":2,"score":0.4833207130432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87456703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247760","display_name":"Radiometry","level":2,"score":0.4389028549194336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29770737886428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21754410862922668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06969594955444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184755","display_name":"Phytoplankton","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:210509658","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19950005946/downloads/19950005946.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1602222914","https://openalex.org/W1665371728","https://openalex.org/W2072299440","https://openalex.org/W2913112034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7043266671","https://openalex.org/W2043842485","https://openalex.org/W2165789749","https://openalex.org/W2186612855","https://openalex.org/W1991479098","https://openalex.org/W2685470986","https://openalex.org/W2071210033","https://openalex.org/W2142703342","https://openalex.org/W2132695852","https://openalex.org/W1995285299"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Based":[0],"on":[1,233],"the":[2,6,21,24,32,35,67,78,93,97,106,109,116,120,137,142,145,152,167,171,174,178,186,195,205,209,213,217,222,225,234,241,252],"operating":[3],"characteristics":[4],"of":[5,20,51,58,71,96,108,115,122,127,141,157,166,170,198,212,251,265],"Sea-viewing":[7],"Wide":[8],"Field-of-view":[9],"Sensor":[10],"(SeaWiFS),":[11],"calibration":[12,79,138,176,228,243],"equations":[13,86,244],"have":[14],"been":[15,38],"developed":[16],"that":[17,124,128],"allow":[18,47],"conversion":[19,220],"counts":[22,143,159],"from":[23,60,144,183,216,224],"radiometer":[25],"into":[26,189],"Earth-existing":[27,214],"radiances.":[28],"These":[29,236],"radiances":[30,53,59],"are":[31,63,87,92,147,181,245],"geophysical":[33],"properties":[34],"instrument":[36,146],"has":[37],"designed":[39],"to":[40,46,77,111],"measure.":[41],"SeaWiFS":[42,99,175,242,253],"uses":[43],"bilinear":[44,73],"gains":[45,74],"high":[48],"sensitivity":[49,56],"measurements":[50,57,262],"ocean-leaving":[52],"and":[54,119,237,256],"low":[55],"clouds,":[61],"which":[62],"much":[64],"brighter":[65],"than":[66],"ocean.":[68],"The":[69,130,155,201],"calculation":[70],"these":[72,85,91],"is":[75,132,163],"central":[76],"equations.":[80],"Several":[81],"other":[82,238],"factors":[83,239],"within":[84],"also":[88],"included.":[89],"Among":[90],"spectral":[94,103,168,196,210],"responses":[95,180],"eight":[98],"bands.":[100],"A":[101],"band's":[102],"response":[104],"includes":[105],"ability":[107],"band":[110,162],"isolate":[112],"a":[113,164,192],"portion":[114],"electromagnetic":[117],"spectrum":[118],"amount":[121],"light":[123],"lies":[125],"outside":[126],"region.":[129,154],"latter":[131],"termed":[133],"out-of-band":[134,153,179],"response.":[135],"In":[136],"procedure,":[139],"some":[140],"produced":[148],"by":[149,229],"radiance":[150,215,261],"in":[151,240,263],"number":[156],"those":[158,184,190],"for":[160,185,191,249,257],"each":[161],"function":[165],"shape":[169,197,211],"source.":[172],"For":[173],"equations,":[177],"converted":[182],"laboratory":[187,206,226],"source":[188,193],"with":[194],"solar":[199,202],"flux.":[200],"flux,":[203],"unlike":[204],"calibration,":[207],"approximates":[208],"oceans.":[218],"This":[219],"modifies":[221],"results":[223],"radiometric":[227],"1-4":[230],"percent,":[231],"depending":[232],"band.":[235],"presented":[246],"here,":[247],"both":[248],"users":[250],"data":[254],"set":[255],"researchers":[258],"making":[259],"ground-based":[260],"support":[264],"Sea":[266],"WiFS.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}