{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2105076210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","title":"SECOND\u2010ORDER SCHEDULES: DISCRIMINATION OF COMPONENTS,1","display_name":"SECOND\u2010ORDER SCHEDULES: DISCRIMINATION OF COMPONENTS,1","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2105076210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","mag":"2105076210","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16811868","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1333395"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112808730","display_name":"Nancy K. Squires","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Squires","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064134069","display_name":"James Norborg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Norborg","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082653401","display_name":"Edmund J. Fantino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edmund Fantino","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112808730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4091,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92176039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"2","first_page":"157","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.8769999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.06520000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-order-schedules","display_name":"second-order schedules","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-interval-schedules","display_name":"fixed-interval schedules","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-cues","display_name":"color cues","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/punishment","display_name":"punishment","score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-suppression","display_name":"response suppression","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pigeons","display_name":"pigeons","score":0.7210000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8044992685317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31691690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753979","display_name":"Timeout","level":2,"score":0.620786190032959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48391658067703247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57022672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617378","display_name":"Stimulus control","level":3,"score":0.4485635757446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43838033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7003027","display_name":"Neutral stimulus","level":4,"score":0.44556158781051636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4354482889175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.41600337624549866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3298652768135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.32746392488479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.2749456763267517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22498980164527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.21586623787879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20997628569602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10590264201164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1333395","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1333395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Exp Anal Behav","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:16811868","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16811868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jeab.1975.24-157","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168850678","display_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","issn_l":"0022-5002","issn":["0022-5002","1938-3711"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2105076210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2105076210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W587050252","https://openalex.org/W1603790047","https://openalex.org/W1894358115","https://openalex.org/W1965832347","https://openalex.org/W1969122511","https://openalex.org/W1996439944","https://openalex.org/W1998148955","https://openalex.org/W1998304655","https://openalex.org/W1998633514","https://openalex.org/W2006200183","https://openalex.org/W2026382362","https://openalex.org/W2033631235","https://openalex.org/W2033711235","https://openalex.org/W2034110061","https://openalex.org/W2041788999","https://openalex.org/W2044391780","https://openalex.org/W2076418484","https://openalex.org/W2077207482","https://openalex.org/W2095263253","https://openalex.org/W2109267901","https://openalex.org/W2118721889","https://openalex.org/W2132390034","https://openalex.org/W2136899838","https://openalex.org/W2171036023","https://openalex.org/W2330606239","https://openalex.org/W2499548924","https://openalex.org/W2745567138","https://openalex.org/W2921629193","https://openalex.org/W4236013535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053288555","https://openalex.org/W2118721889","https://openalex.org/W2085975804","https://openalex.org/W2048106595","https://openalex.org/W2530715412","https://openalex.org/W2002101194","https://openalex.org/W2154214426","https://openalex.org/W2018941678","https://openalex.org/W2095263253","https://openalex.org/W7061785778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pigeons":[0],"were":[1,94,167,187],"exposed":[2],"to":[3,57,82,120,145,181,189],"a":[4,14,46,51,77,153,173,208],"series":[5],"of":[6,13,17,79,141,158,172,204,220],"second-order":[7,174,205],"schedules":[8,206],"in":[9,229],"which":[10,83],"the":[11,38,42,54,62,66,80,84,104,125,131,137,142,190,221,226],"completion":[12],"fixed":[15],"number":[16],"fixed-interval":[18,33,44,100],"components":[19,203,222],"produced":[20,152],"food.":[21,59],"In":[22,113,161,179],"Experiment":[23,114,162,182],"1,":[24,183],"brief":[25],"(2":[26],"sec)":[27],"stimulus":[28],"presentations":[29],"occurred":[30,107,135],"as":[31,76],"each":[32,170,215],"component":[34,86,171],"was":[35,48,87,118,194],"completed.":[36],"During":[37],"brief-stimulus":[39,55,63,68,105,111,126,132,184],"presentation":[40,69],"terminating":[41],"last":[43,67,138,191],"component,":[45],"response":[47,231],"required":[49],"on":[50,61,103,124,130],"second":[52],"key,":[53,56,127],"produce":[58],"Responses":[60],"key":[64,106,133,165,185],"before":[65,136],"had":[70],"no":[71],"scheduled":[72],"consequences,":[73],"but":[74],"served":[75],"measure":[78],"extent":[81],"final":[85],"discriminated":[88],"from":[89],"preceding":[90],"components.":[91],"Whether":[92],"there":[93],"one,":[95],"two,":[96],"four,":[97],"or":[98],"eight":[99],"components,":[101],"responses":[102,123,129,186],"during":[108],"virtually":[109],"every":[110],"presentation.":[112],"2,":[115],"an":[116],"attempt":[117],"made":[119],"punish":[121],"unnecessary":[122],"i.e.,":[128],"that":[134,196],"component.":[139,192,216],"None":[140],"pigeons":[143,197],"learned":[144],"withhold":[146],"these":[147],"responses,":[148],"even":[149],"though":[150],"they":[151],"15-sec":[154],"timeout":[155],"and":[156,237],"loss":[157],"primary":[159],"reinforcement.":[160],"3,":[163],"different":[164],"colors":[166],"associated":[168],"with":[169],"schedule":[175],"(a":[176],"chain":[177,238],"schedule).":[178],"contrast":[180],"confined":[188],"It":[193],"concluded":[195],"do":[198],"not":[199],"discriminate":[200],"well":[201],"between":[202,233],"unless":[207],"unique":[209],"exteroceptive":[210],"cue":[211],"is":[212],"provided":[213],"for":[214,225],"The":[217],"relative":[218],"discriminability":[219],"may":[223],"account":[224],"observed":[227],"differences":[228],"initial-component":[230],"rates":[232],"comparable":[234],"brief-stimulus,":[235],"tandem,":[236],"schedules.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
