{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104889339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","title":"Learning from failures: testing broad taxonomic hypotheses about plant naturalization","display_name":"Learning from failures: testing broad taxonomic hypotheses about plant naturalization","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104889339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","mag":"2104889339","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19723283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80967739","display_name":"Ecology Letters","issn_l":"1461-023X","issn":["1461-023X","1461-0248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038556523","display_name":"Jeffrey M. Diez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-1838","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4279-1838"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184746854","display_name":"Lincoln University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ps1r162","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184746854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268660","display_name":"Bio-Protection Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01nmebg53","country_code":"NZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey M. Diez","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. Jeffdiez@gmail.com","The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand. Jeffdiez@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086687748","display_name":"Peter Anthony Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5744-3430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5744-3430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86609021","display_name":"Manaaki Whenua \u2013 Landcare Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02p9cyn66","country_code":"NZ","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405260297","https://openalex.org/I86609021"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Landcare Research, Nelson 7042, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Landcare Research, Nelson 7042, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86609021"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060770818","display_name":"R. P. Randall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121813","display_name":"Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/02jq36h12","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799506148","https://openalex.org/I4210121813"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rod P. Randall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia 6983"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture & Food, Western Australia 6983","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078281420","display_name":"Jon J. Sullivan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6169-6660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6169-6660"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184746854","display_name":"Lincoln University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ps1r162","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184746854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268660","display_name":"Bio-Protection Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01nmebg53","country_code":"NZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon J. Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017463808","display_name":"Philip Eric Hulme","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5712-0474","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5712-0474"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184746854","display_name":"Lincoln University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ps1r162","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184746854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268660","display_name":"Bio-Protection Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01nmebg53","country_code":"NZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip E. Hulme","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021627147","display_name":"Richard P. Duncan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-449X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2295-449X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184746854","display_name":"Lincoln University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ps1r162","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184746854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268660","display_name":"Bio-Protection Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01nmebg53","country_code":"NZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard P. Duncan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038556523"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184746854","https://openalex.org/I4405268660"],"apc_list":{"value":5300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2431,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":128,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98329426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"1174","last_page":"1183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12618","display_name":"Botany and Plant Ecology Studies","score":0.025200000032782555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10385","display_name":"Plant Diversity and Evolution","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-naturalization","display_name":"plant naturalization","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-invasions","display_name":"biological invasions","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darwin-s-naturalization-hypothesis","display_name":"Darwin's naturalization hypothesis","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/island-biogeography","display_name":"island biogeography","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-zealand-flora","display_name":"New Zealand flora","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/australian-flora","display_name":"Australian flora","score":0.9369999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779392107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841440","display_name":"Naturalization","level":5,"score":0.9237643480300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71640776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521","display_name":"Taxon","level":2,"score":0.6889635920524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6378185153007507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777234453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2033092","display_name":"Flora (microbiology)","level":3,"score":0.6192491054534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5364013910293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4302932322025299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189592816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427626","display_name":"Taxonomic rank","level":3,"score":0.427432656288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3617059588432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.17656871676445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1563379466533661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200724805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990792","display_name":"Alien","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001315","descriptor_name":"Australia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009520","descriptor_name":"New Zealand","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011157","descriptor_name":"Population Dynamics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013045","descriptor_name":"Species Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044822","descriptor_name":"Biodiversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D063245","descriptor_name":"Plant Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01376.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80967739","display_name":"Ecology Letters","issn_l":"1461-023X","issn":["1461-023X","1461-0248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:19723283","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19723283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ecology letters","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8125,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102641895","https://openalex.org/W159842281","https://openalex.org/W342382958","https://openalex.org/W969026285","https://openalex.org/W1248389961","https://openalex.org/W1462536152","https://openalex.org/W1488393970","https://openalex.org/W1505278245","https://openalex.org/W1517697768","https://openalex.org/W1529623398","https://openalex.org/W1536497620","https://openalex.org/W1537938646","https://openalex.org/W1555522030","https://openalex.org/W1583158561","https://openalex.org/W1651983307","https://openalex.org/W1939750195","https://openalex.org/W1964074274","https://openalex.org/W1968550804","https://openalex.org/W1970077040","https://openalex.org/W1981457167","https://openalex.org/W1982357496","https://openalex.org/W1996435668","https://openalex.org/W2001818189","https://openalex.org/W2003267859","https://openalex.org/W2015603725","https://openalex.org/W2019906384","https://openalex.org/W2032482994","https://openalex.org/W2042256529","https://openalex.org/W2045352561","https://openalex.org/W2062330384","https://openalex.org/W2066927317","https://openalex.org/W2067445791","https://openalex.org/W2067651745","https://openalex.org/W2074334981","https://openalex.org/W2075887748","https://openalex.org/W2089651306","https://openalex.org/W2092960271","https://openalex.org/W2096686680","https://openalex.org/W2099376388","https://openalex.org/W2099443901","https://openalex.org/W2104232463","https://openalex.org/W2106821109","https://openalex.org/W2109628725","https://openalex.org/W2110069288","https://openalex.org/W2111867660","https://openalex.org/W2116551517","https://openalex.org/W2117368963","https://openalex.org/W2123862636","https://openalex.org/W2128271540","https://openalex.org/W2132145325","https://openalex.org/W2133067562","https://openalex.org/W2140326061","https://openalex.org/W2141296934","https://openalex.org/W2143651184","https://openalex.org/W2146437164","https://openalex.org/W2147760991","https://openalex.org/W2147798913","https://openalex.org/W2154791458","https://openalex.org/W2155957695","https://openalex.org/W2156944540","https://openalex.org/W2157589240","https://openalex.org/W2158308537","https://openalex.org/W2160662644","https://openalex.org/W2161175134","https://openalex.org/W2166152751","https://openalex.org/W2249757311","https://openalex.org/W2315990401","https://openalex.org/W2316394700","https://openalex.org/W2332248249","https://openalex.org/W2333642339","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2915221312","https://openalex.org/W2980373194","https://openalex.org/W3046610667","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4388245928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7138086902","https://openalex.org/W2043371115","https://openalex.org/W2147760991","https://openalex.org/W3171037018","https://openalex.org/W2525011305","https://openalex.org/W3092720329","https://openalex.org/W3033723075","https://openalex.org/W3195054033","https://openalex.org/W2015603725","https://openalex.org/W7202295250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Our":[0],"understanding":[1],"of":[2,6,14,18,29,39,56,88],"broad":[3],"taxonomic":[4],"patterns":[5],"plant":[7,43],"naturalizations":[8,44,139],"is":[9],"based":[10,136],"entirely":[11],"on":[12,137],"observations":[13],"successful":[15,40,70,109,138],"naturalizations.":[16],"Omission":[17],"the":[19,27,89,95,126],"failures,":[20],"however,":[21],"can":[22],"introduce":[23],"bias":[24],"by":[25],"conflating":[26],"probabilities":[28],"introduction":[30],"and":[31,41,48],"naturalization.":[32],"Here,":[33],"we":[34,62,130],"use":[35],"two":[36,75,96,127],"comprehensive":[37],"datasets":[38],"failed":[42],"in":[45,73,91,94,110],"New":[46],"Zealand":[47],"Australia":[49],"for":[50],"a":[51],"unique,":[52],"flora-wide":[53],"comparative":[54],"test":[55],"several":[57],"major":[58],"invasion":[59],"hypotheses.":[60],"First,":[61],"show":[63,100,131],"that":[64,101,132],"some":[65,87],"taxa":[66],"are":[67],"consistently":[68],"more":[69,108,146],"at":[71],"naturalizing":[72],"these":[74],"countries,":[76,112],"despite":[77],"their":[78],"environmental":[79],"differences.":[80],"Broad":[81],"climatic":[82],"origins":[83],"helped":[84],"to":[85,114,134],"explain":[86],"differences":[90],"success":[92],"rates":[93],"countries.":[97,128],"We":[98],"further":[99],"species":[102],"with":[103],"native":[104],"relatives":[105],"were":[106],"generally":[107],"both":[111],"contrary":[113,133],"Darwin's":[115],"naturalization":[116],"hypothesis,":[117],"but":[118],"this":[119],"effect":[120],"was":[121],"inconsistent":[122],"among":[123],"families":[124],"across":[125],"Finally,":[129],"studies":[135],"only,":[140],"islands":[141],"need":[142],"not":[143],"be":[144],"inherently":[145],"invisible":[147],"than":[148],"continents.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
