{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104872613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","title":"Education, Rent seeking and the Curse of Natural Resources","display_name":"Education, Rent seeking and the Curse of Natural Resources","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104872613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","mag":"2104872613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ecpo.12029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197981039","display_name":"Economics and Politics","issn_l":"0954-1985","issn":["0954-1985","1468-0343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2034218","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010275849","display_name":"Waqar Ahmed Wadho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-5697","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-5697"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27589593","display_name":"Lahore School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/0175kt397","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27589593"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Waqar Ahmed Wadho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lahore School of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lahore School of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27589593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010275849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27589593"],"apc_list":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4053,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96404714,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"128","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13867","display_name":"Economic Growth and Development","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education","display_name":"education","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rent-seeking","display_name":"rent-seeking","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corruption","display_name":"corruption","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-trap","display_name":"poverty trap","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-participation","display_name":"political participation","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-equilibria","display_name":"multiple equilibria","score":0.7170000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145197507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16963482","display_name":"Endowment","level":2,"score":0.8344494104385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.8235503435134888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98847204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428800","display_name":"Rent-seeking","level":3,"score":0.6972917318344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6947259306907654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.6574819087982178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776672683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444953","display_name":"Poverty trap","level":3,"score":0.6198167204856873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.6184091567993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780761599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72596","display_name":"Resource curse","level":3,"score":0.6163277626037598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5649136304855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5468735694885254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780273121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109411","display_name":"Curse","level":2,"score":0.4967063069343567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.4473676383495331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.43975815176963806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4381946623325348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.4187161922454834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4130632281303406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.33184462785720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.24370622634887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13017123937606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.09090816974639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ecpo.12029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecpo.12029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S197981039","display_name":"Economics and Politics","issn_l":"0954-1985","issn":["0954-1985","1468-0343"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Economics & Politics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2034218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2034218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2034218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai::37831","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37831/1/MPRA_paper_37831.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37831/1/MPRA_paper_37831.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400553","display_name":"Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","host_organization_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"MPRA Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:pra:mprapa:37831","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37831/1/MPRA_paper_37831.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/37831/1/MPRA_paper_37831.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.2034218","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2034218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2034218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.4156000018119812,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486212401","https://openalex.org/W1516835539","https://openalex.org/W1525171360","https://openalex.org/W1963617702","https://openalex.org/W1975797050","https://openalex.org/W2013473661","https://openalex.org/W2023398669","https://openalex.org/W2028312885","https://openalex.org/W2038491445","https://openalex.org/W2039546784","https://openalex.org/W2042226937","https://openalex.org/W2072006772","https://openalex.org/W2074809583","https://openalex.org/W2104109568","https://openalex.org/W2107449198","https://openalex.org/W2113337769","https://openalex.org/W2131499322","https://openalex.org/W2143262652","https://openalex.org/W2169955603","https://openalex.org/W2267982073","https://openalex.org/W2890177994","https://openalex.org/W2890314743","https://openalex.org/W3023039983","https://openalex.org/W3023420463","https://openalex.org/W3094521286","https://openalex.org/W3121595223","https://openalex.org/W3124753968","https://openalex.org/W3125701855","https://openalex.org/W3125784551","https://openalex.org/W3125980579","https://openalex.org/W4248651010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7037191684","https://openalex.org/W3125821900","https://openalex.org/W7125681155","https://openalex.org/W1592263137","https://openalex.org/W3124186250","https://openalex.org/W3024301054","https://openalex.org/W3107508584","https://openalex.org/W1521682984","https://openalex.org/W7214262838","https://openalex.org/W1576802979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Empirical":[0],"evidence":[1],"suggests":[2],"that":[3,40,67],"natural":[4,25,53,73,120],"resources":[5,26,56,74],"breed":[6],"corruption":[7,43],"and":[8,42,47,64,89,104,112],"reduce":[9],"educational":[10],"attainments,":[11],"dampening":[12],"economic":[13],"growth.":[14,71],"The":[15],"theoretical":[16],"literature":[17],"has":[18],"treated":[19],"these":[20],"two":[21],"channels":[22],"separately,":[23],"with":[24,118],"affecting":[27],"growth":[28,76],"either":[29],"through":[30],"human":[31],"capital":[32],"or":[33,77],"corruption.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36],"article,":[37],"we":[38],"argue":[39],"education":[41,63,88],"are":[44],"jointly":[45],"determined":[46],"depend":[48],"on":[49,83,95],"the":[50,58,96],"endowment":[51],"of":[52,98,107],"resources.":[54,121],"Natural":[55],"affect":[57,70],"incentives":[59],"to":[60,87],"invest":[61],"in":[62,68,85],"rent":[65],"seeking":[66],"turn":[69],"Whether":[72],"stimulate":[75],"induce":[78],"a":[79,110,113],"poverty\u2010trap":[80,114],"crucially":[81],"depends":[82],"inequality":[84,103],"access":[86],"political":[90,99,108],"participation,":[91,109],"as":[92,94],"well":[93],"cost":[97,106],"participation.":[100],"For":[101],"lower":[102],"higher":[105],"high\u2010growth":[111],"equilibrium":[115],"coexist":[116],"even":[117],"abundant":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}