{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104726257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","title":"Direction of arrival estimation for multi-frequency FM-based Passive Bistatic Radar","display_name":"Direction of arrival estimation for multi-frequency FM-based Passive Bistatic Radar","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104726257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","mag":"2104726257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215198","display_name":"IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","issn_l":"1097-5659","issn":["1097-5659","2375-5318"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE RadarCon (RADAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10550/116378","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011149378","display_name":"Fabiola Colone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6694-7534","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6694-7534"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabiola Colone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Giuseppe De Leo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe De Leo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048888014","display_name":"Pamela Paglione","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Paglione","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032322523","display_name":"Carlo Bongioanni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-5211","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-5211"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlo Bongioanni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049188669","display_name":"P. Lombardo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-5048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-5048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierfrancesco Lombardo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome \u201cLa Sapienza\u201d, Italy]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6365,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92734967,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"441","last_page":"446"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/doa-estimation","display_name":"direction of arrival estimation","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-bistatic-radar","display_name":"passive bistatic radar","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-traffic-control","display_name":"air traffic control","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-detection","display_name":"target detection","score":0.5429999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.726338267326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.6424622535705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.6326251029968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.5575121641159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5529683232307434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.4947175681591034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.47630417346954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4222124218940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.415410578250885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4017219543457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3941155672073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3279868960380554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.21575146913528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17610660195350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11257749795913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.08421579003334045}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/radar.2011.5960577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215198","display_name":"IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf)","issn_l":"1097-5659","issn":["1097-5659","2375-5318"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE RadarCon (RADAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/380209","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80052485723&partnerID=65&md5=a35179c97a9e3a8ac152821fb9f44b52","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:roderic.uv.es:10550/116378","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10550/116378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400245","display_name":"Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","host_organization_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference output"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:roderic.uv.es:10550/116378","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10550/116378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400245","display_name":"Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16097986","host_organization_name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16097986"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference output"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050806768","https://openalex.org/W2058214070","https://openalex.org/W2101996248","https://openalex.org/W2135631451","https://openalex.org/W2136586169","https://openalex.org/W2148477206","https://openalex.org/W2152672782","https://openalex.org/W2163086043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983000277","https://openalex.org/W2136586169","https://openalex.org/W3011752288","https://openalex.org/W2037397888","https://openalex.org/W2063642982","https://openalex.org/W1985910853","https://openalex.org/W2265192275","https://openalex.org/W1971397660","https://openalex.org/W4308390361","https://openalex.org/W7046071721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"a":[5],"multi-frequency":[6,142],"approach":[7,84],"for":[8,133],"improving":[9],"target":[10],"Direction":[11],"of":[12,27,30,51,81,99,102],"Arrival":[13],"(DoA)":[14],"estimation":[15,56,144],"in":[16,38,49],"FM":[17,35,136],"radio":[18,36,68],"based":[19],"Passive":[20],"Bistatic":[21],"Radar":[22],"(PBR).":[23],"The":[24,106],"joint":[25],"exploitation":[26],"the":[28,39,66,73,79,82,100,118,125,129,134,140],"waveforms":[29],"opportunity":[31],"received":[32],"on":[33],"multiple":[34],"channels":[37,137],"88-108":[40],"MHz":[41],"band":[42],"is":[43,60],"shown":[44],"to":[45,64,72],"yield":[46],"better":[47],"performance":[48],"terms":[50],"detection":[52],"capability":[53],"and":[54,71,93,122,138,148],"DoA":[55,143],"accuracy,":[57],"since":[58],"it":[59],"robust":[61],"with":[62,117,150],"respect":[63],"both":[65],"broadcasted":[67],"program":[69],"content":[70],"propagation":[74],"channel":[75],"conditions.":[76],"To":[77],"demonstrate":[78],"effectiveness":[80],"proposed":[83,141],"an":[85],"experimental":[86],"FM-based":[87],"PBR":[88],"prototype":[89],"has":[90],"been":[91,111],"developed":[92],"fielded":[94],"at":[95],"dthe":[96],"DIET":[97],"Dept.":[98],"University":[101],"Rome":[103],"\"La":[104],"Sapienza\".":[105],"acquisition":[107],"campaigns":[108],"that":[109],"have":[110],"carried":[112],"out":[113],"are":[114,146],"described":[115],"together":[116],"collected":[119,130],"data":[120,131],"analysis":[121],"processing.":[123],"Finally,":[124],"results":[126],"obtained":[127],"over":[128],"set":[132],"single":[135],"after":[139],"technique":[145],"reported":[147],"compared":[149],"live":[151],"air":[152],"traffic":[153],"control":[154],"registrations.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
