{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104330401","doi":null,"title":"Evidence for the multistep nature of in vitro human epithelial cell carcinogenesis.","display_name":"Evidence for the multistep nature of in vitro human epithelial cell carcinogenesis.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104330401","mag":"2104330401","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2167163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2167163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2167163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111435251","display_name":"J. S. Rhim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140884","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J S Rhim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140884"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033699751","display_name":"Jongman Yoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-7051","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-7051"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J H Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058116703","display_name":"J H Park","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J H Park","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033167331","display_name":"Peter J. Thraves","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Thraves","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Z Salehi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Z Salehi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071648735","display_name":"Anatoly Dritschilo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7120-097X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7120-097X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Dritschilo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5538,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8951782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"17 Suppl","first_page":"5653S","last_page":"5657S"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10433","display_name":"Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment","score":0.35910001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10433","display_name":"Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment","score":0.35910001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10169","display_name":"Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling","score":0.08789999783039093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10583","display_name":"Cancer-related Molecular Pathways","score":0.07289999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multistep-carcinogenesis","display_name":"multistep carcinogenesis","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncogenic-transformation","display_name":"oncogenic transformation","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-epidermal-keratinocytes","display_name":"human epidermal keratinocytes","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kras-oncogene","display_name":"K-ras oncogene","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h-ras-oncogene","display_name":"H-ras oncogene","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemical-carcinogens","display_name":"chemical carcinogens","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine","display_name":"N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide","display_name":"4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionizing-radiation","display_name":"ionizing radiation","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncogenes","display_name":"oncogenes","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retroviruses","display_name":"retroviruses","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-immortalization","display_name":"cell immortalization","score":0.4320000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555283112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Carcinogenesis","level":3,"score":0.7807230949401855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993273003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637543","display_name":"Neoplastic transformation","level":4,"score":0.7076714634895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114246631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187661","display_name":"Carcinogen","level":2,"score":0.6399815082550049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.612993597984314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5421721339225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.5321316719055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31033888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752076","display_name":"Malignant transformation","level":2,"score":0.5237574577331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.508953332901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777074287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1473931","display_name":"Keratinocyte","level":3,"score":0.4877229630947113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16184334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q604261","display_name":"Oncovirus","level":3,"score":0.43620428442955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777459323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259911","display_name":"Human skin","level":2,"score":0.4280526638031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018593856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216998","display_name":"Neoplastic cell","level":3,"score":0.42746347188949585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.3911070227622986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.3893173038959503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.34956157207489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.24867704510688782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1294037103652954}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000256","descriptor_name":"Adenoviridae","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002471","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Neoplastic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002472","descriptor_name":"Cell Transformation, Viral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004848","descriptor_name":"Epithelium","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004848","descriptor_name":"Epithelium","qualifier_ui":"Q000528","qualifier_name":"radiation effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005786","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression Regulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011905","descriptor_name":"Genes, ras","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013539","descriptor_name":"Simian virus 40","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2167163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2167163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2104330401","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2167163","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27510651","https://openalex.org/W138400606","https://openalex.org/W150580531","https://openalex.org/W1423956168","https://openalex.org/W1512484772","https://openalex.org/W1971972605","https://openalex.org/W1974075033","https://openalex.org/W1989009382","https://openalex.org/W1991351391","https://openalex.org/W1991590253","https://openalex.org/W2001376740","https://openalex.org/W2009384953","https://openalex.org/W2015968597","https://openalex.org/W2016241323","https://openalex.org/W2029603110","https://openalex.org/W2044014221","https://openalex.org/W2044296969","https://openalex.org/W2047127037","https://openalex.org/W2053599323","https://openalex.org/W2069100534","https://openalex.org/W2080484121","https://openalex.org/W2088130891","https://openalex.org/W2111048056","https://openalex.org/W2113210366","https://openalex.org/W2117079180","https://openalex.org/W2140566800","https://openalex.org/W2142843429","https://openalex.org/W2144123607","https://openalex.org/W2146529796","https://openalex.org/W2167202601","https://openalex.org/W2288779387","https://openalex.org/W2419541271"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2435595842","https://openalex.org/W2085271436","https://openalex.org/W2511439248","https://openalex.org/W2088130891","https://openalex.org/W177937987","https://openalex.org/W2401429757","https://openalex.org/W173068517","https://openalex.org/W1991351391","https://openalex.org/W266680193","https://openalex.org/W2062461963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,122],"keeping":[1],"with":[2,43],"the":[3,34,44,93,127,153,168,179],"multistep":[4,30,193],"development":[5],"of":[6,36,70,95,112,155,158,171,182],"human":[7,37,52,76,129,162,172],"cancer":[8],"in":[9,17,28,60,145,151,176],"vivo,":[10],"a":[11,20,110,156,192],"stepwise":[12],"approach":[13],"to":[14,86,140],"neoplastic":[15,96,196],"transformation":[16,170],"vitro":[18,29,146],"presents":[19],"reasonable":[21],"strategy.":[22],"We":[23],"have":[24],"recently":[25],"developed":[26],"an":[27,56],"model":[31],"suitable":[32],"for":[33,195],"study":[35],"epithelial":[38,163,174],"cell":[39],"carcinogenesis.":[40],"Upon":[41],"infection":[42],"adenovirus":[45],"12-simian":[46],"virus":[47,74],"40":[48],"hybrid":[49],"virus,":[50],"primary":[51,173],"epidermal":[53,130],"keratinocytes":[54],"acquired":[55],"indefinite":[57],"life":[58],"span":[59],"culture":[61,177],"but":[62],"did":[63],"not":[64],"undergo":[65],"malignant":[66,169],"conversion.":[67,197],"Subsequent":[68],"addition":[69],"Kirsten":[71],"murine":[72],"sarcoma":[73],"and":[75,92,119,161,190],"ras":[77],"oncogene":[78],"or":[79,83,187],"chemical":[80,185],"carcinogens":[81],"(N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine":[82],"4-nitroquinoline":[84],"1-oxide)":[85],"these":[87],"cells":[88,175],"induced":[89],"morphological":[90],"alterations":[91],"acquisition":[94],"properties.":[97],"Subsequently":[98],"it":[99],"was":[100],"found":[101,125],"that":[102,126],"this":[103,144],"line":[104,133],"could":[105],"be":[106,135,149],"transformed":[107,136],"neoplastically":[108,137],"by":[109,138,178],"variety":[111,157],"retrovirus-containing":[113],"H-ras,":[114],"bas,":[115],"fes,":[116],"fms,":[117],"erbB,":[118],"src":[120],"oncogenes.":[121],"addition,":[123],"we":[124],"immortalized":[128],"keratinocyte":[131],"(RHEK-1)":[132],"can":[134],"exposure":[139],"ionizing":[141],"radiation.":[142],"Thus,":[143],"system":[147],"may":[148],"useful":[150],"studying":[152],"interaction":[154],"carcinogenic":[159],"agents":[160],"cells.":[164],"These":[165],"findings":[166],"demonstrate":[167],"combined":[180],"action":[181],"viruses,":[183],"oncogenes,":[184],"carcinogens,":[186],"X-ray":[188],"irradiation":[189],"support":[191],"process":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}