{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104044056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","title":"Educational Inequality and The Expansion of UK Higher Education","display_name":"Educational Inequality and The Expansion of UK Higher Education","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104044056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","mag":"2104044056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/sjpe.12024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/sjpe.12024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111496547","display_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","issn_l":"0036-9292","issn":["0036-9292","1467-9485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/sjpe.12024","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067673418","display_name":"Jo Blanden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-703X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-703X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197518295","display_name":"IZA - Institute of Labor Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/029s44460","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197518295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo Blanden","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London and Centre for Economic Performance London School of Economics","IZA Institute of Labor Economics","University of Surrey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London and Centre for Economic Performance London School of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IZA Institute of Labor Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197518295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048922901","display_name":"Stephen J. Machin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8130-2701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8130-2701","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4927-9121"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Machin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London and Centre for Economic Performance London School of Economics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London and Centre for Economic Performance London School of Economics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.226,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97709545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"5","first_page":"578","last_page":"596"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.9526000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.9526000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.03739999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-inequality","display_name":"educational inequality","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education-expansion","display_name":"higher education expansion","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-participation","display_name":"university participation","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-achievement","display_name":"academic performance","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-income","display_name":"parental income","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment-gap","display_name":"educational attainment gap","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-choice","display_name":"educational choice","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uk-higher-education","display_name":"UK higher education","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1970s-1990s","display_name":"1970s-1990s","score":0.8870000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.7189354300498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.6446734666824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.6178045272827148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5430819392204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.47545644640922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.4496883451938629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.24877041578292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2159358263015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.14866724610328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/sjpe.12024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/sjpe.12024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111496547","display_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","issn_l":"0036-9292","issn":["0036-9292","1467-9485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:bla:scotjp:v:60:y:2013:i:5:p:578-596","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/sjpe.12024","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/sjpe.12024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12024","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/sjpe.12024","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111496547","display_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","issn_l":"0036-9292","issn":["0036-9292","1467-9485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scottish Journal of Political Economy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6164000034332275}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104044056.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2104044056.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W154894500","https://openalex.org/W369057117","https://openalex.org/W593789837","https://openalex.org/W624008377","https://openalex.org/W1508865805","https://openalex.org/W1518013947","https://openalex.org/W1544736791","https://openalex.org/W1567922949","https://openalex.org/W1601136252","https://openalex.org/W1976288917","https://openalex.org/W2002293160","https://openalex.org/W2005211565","https://openalex.org/W2048864684","https://openalex.org/W2059950920","https://openalex.org/W2076596522","https://openalex.org/W2086001270","https://openalex.org/W2120023941","https://openalex.org/W2127195548","https://openalex.org/W2151317022","https://openalex.org/W2166118034","https://openalex.org/W2338393253","https://openalex.org/W2479761447","https://openalex.org/W2481441569","https://openalex.org/W2515227101","https://openalex.org/W3021196103","https://openalex.org/W3121736678","https://openalex.org/W3123187393","https://openalex.org/W3124846654","https://openalex.org/W3125253681","https://openalex.org/W3150281038","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099422260","https://openalex.org/W2023579500","https://openalex.org/W2081039694","https://openalex.org/W1600592515","https://openalex.org/W2188742893","https://openalex.org/W3123661870","https://openalex.org/W2111005536","https://openalex.org/W3194607137","https://openalex.org/W2296858377","https://openalex.org/W2183409270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"In":[1],"this":[2],"paper":[3],"we":[4],"explore":[5],"changes":[6],"over":[7],"time":[8,26,45],"in":[9,51,65,118],"higher":[10,31,114],"education":[11,32,147,170,182],"(HE)":[12],"participation":[13,53,132,148],"and":[14,20,54,69,93,136,149,157],"attainment":[15,55],"between":[16,134],"people":[17,90],"from":[18,43,91,102,113,154,158],"richer":[19,92],"poorer":[21,94],"family":[22],"backgrounds":[23,116],"during":[24],"a":[25,36,75,159],"period":[27],"when":[28],"the":[29,66,107,121,125,127,166,181],"UK":[30],"system":[33],"expanded":[34],"at":[35,177],"rapid":[37],"rate.":[38],"We":[39],"use":[40],"longitudinal":[41],"data":[42],"three":[44],"periods":[46],"to":[47,63,130,143],"study":[48],"temporal":[49],"shifts":[50],"HE":[52,82,119],"across":[56,89],"parental":[57],"income":[58,115,175],"groups":[59],"for":[60,165],"children":[61,101,112],"going":[62],"university":[64],"1970s,":[67],"1980s":[68],"1990s.":[70],"The":[71],"key":[72],"finding":[73,140],"is":[74,141],"highly":[76],"policy":[77],"relevant":[78],"one,":[79],"namely":[80],"that":[81,109],"expansion":[83,123,128],"has":[84,98],"not":[85],"been":[86],"equally":[87],"distributed":[88],"backgrounds.":[95],"Rather,":[96],"it":[97],"disproportionately":[99],"benefited":[100],"relatively":[103],"rich":[104,135],"families.":[105],"Despite":[106],"fact":[108],"many":[110],"more":[111,160],"participated":[117],"before":[120],"recent":[122],"of":[124,146,169,180],"system,":[126],"acted":[129],"widen":[131],"gaps":[133],"poor":[137],"children.":[138],"This":[139],"robust":[142],"different":[144,174,178],"measures":[145],"inequality.":[150],"It":[151],"also":[152],"emerges":[153],"non\u2010parametric":[155],"estimations":[156],"detailed":[161],"econometric":[162],"model":[163],"allowing":[164],"sequential":[167],"nature":[168],"choices":[171],"with":[172],"potentially":[173],"associations":[176],"stages":[179],"sequence.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
