{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103595463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities from leaf extracts of Cassia fistula l.: An ethnomedicinal plant","display_name":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities from leaf extracts of Cassia fistula l.: An ethnomedicinal plant","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103595463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","mag":"2103595463","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22171301","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3217694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/2231-4040.82956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764715273","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology amp Research","issn_l":"0976-2094","issn":["0976-2094","2231-4040"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology &amp; Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111802237","display_name":"NayanR Bhalodia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800605627","display_name":"Gujarat Ayurved University","ror":"https://ror.org/05735fh94","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800605627"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"NayanR Bhalodia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T and R.A, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T and R.A, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800605627"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116719919","display_name":"VJ Shukla","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800605627","display_name":"Gujarat Ayurved University","ror":"https://ror.org/05735fh94","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800605627"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"VJ Shukla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T and R.A, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical, I.P.G.T and R.A, Gujarat Ayurved University, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800605627"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111802237"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800605627"],"apc_list":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"apc_paid":{"value":500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":500},"fwci":6.5735,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":403,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96682767,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"104","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10431","display_name":"Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cassia-fistula","display_name":"Cassia fistula","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-extract","display_name":"leaf extract","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antifungal-activity","display_name":"antifungal activity","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnomedicinal-plants","display_name":"ethnomedicinal plants","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streptococcus-pyogenes","display_name":"Streptococcus pyogenes","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomonas-aeruginosa","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-niger","display_name":"Aspergillus niger","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aspergillus-clavatus","display_name":"Aspergillus clavatus","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-albicans","display_name":"Candida albicans","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytochemical-screening","display_name":"phytochemical screening","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-metabolites","display_name":"secondary metabolites","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibition-zone","display_name":"inhibition zone","score":0.6809999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.8177343606948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775939860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162882","display_name":"Cassia","level":4,"score":0.7999758720397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.6523532271385193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780917455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310443","display_name":"Candida albicans","level":2,"score":0.5642595887184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780104969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774530","display_name":"Antibacterial activity","level":3,"score":0.5311870574951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.526531994342804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775960407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132014","display_name":"Aspergillus niger","level":2,"score":0.45784538984298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.4564533233642578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779819575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416096","display_name":"Griseofulvin","level":2,"score":0.44671157002449036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804517","display_name":"Pathogenic bacteria","level":3,"score":0.4286016821861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11636898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390585","display_name":"Agar diffusion test","level":4,"score":0.42608487606048584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.3286266326904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.10178223252296448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.09935790300369263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188947578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200253","display_name":"Traditional Chinese medicine","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4103/2231-4040.82956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764715273","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology amp Research","issn_l":"0976-2094","issn":["0976-2094","2231-4040"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology &amp; Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3217694","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3217694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Adv Pharm Technol Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22171301","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22171301","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of advanced pharmaceutical technology & research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad665c991d3841b29503378dc48713f9","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad665c991d3841b29503378dc48713f9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 104-109 (2011)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4103/2231-4040.82956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-4040.82956","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764715273","display_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology amp Research","issn_l":"0976-2094","issn":["0976-2094","2231-4040"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320448","host_organization_name":"Medknow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320448","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Medknow","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology &amp; Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W251604558","https://openalex.org/W624613636","https://openalex.org/W1538764270","https://openalex.org/W1569295534","https://openalex.org/W1959813212","https://openalex.org/W1964431027","https://openalex.org/W1972770043","https://openalex.org/W1977689568","https://openalex.org/W1986994512","https://openalex.org/W2012772197","https://openalex.org/W2016167563","https://openalex.org/W2025399383","https://openalex.org/W2050760235","https://openalex.org/W2065238108","https://openalex.org/W2073377218","https://openalex.org/W2102009379","https://openalex.org/W2121562925","https://openalex.org/W2125602622","https://openalex.org/W2125835545","https://openalex.org/W2136931384","https://openalex.org/W2141449020","https://openalex.org/W2416660646","https://openalex.org/W2920896245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4301751071","https://openalex.org/W2136533127","https://openalex.org/W3081959529","https://openalex.org/W2992116325","https://openalex.org/W2914922781","https://openalex.org/W2127745918","https://openalex.org/W50801973","https://openalex.org/W1996509554","https://openalex.org/W2078760905","https://openalex.org/W2125846990"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,25],"was":[2,66,82,172,194],"carried":[3,185],"out":[4],"with":[5,140],"an":[6],"objective":[7],"to":[8,27,33,196,209],"investigate":[9],"the":[10,24,29,35,48,51,85,165,169,175,182,191,197,220],"antibacterial":[11,93,152],"and":[12,32,44,76,94,124,149,154,156],"antifungal":[13,95,159],"potentials":[14],"of":[15,17,23,37,39,54,57,59,97,105,134,136,142,168,181,190,199,222],"leaves":[16,58],"Cassia":[18,60,106,192],"fistula":[19,61,107,193],"Linn.":[20,62],"The":[21,79,92,161,178,187],"aim":[22],"is":[26],"assess":[28],"antimicrobial":[30,70,80],"activity":[31,53,71,81,153,189],"determine":[34],"zone":[36],"inhibition":[38,135,167],"extracts":[40,56,86,98,137],"on":[41],"some":[42],"bacterial":[43,75,170],"fungal":[45,77,126],"strains.":[46,78],"In":[47],"present":[49],"study,":[50],"microbial":[52,188],"hydroalcohol":[55],"(an":[63],"ethnomedicinal":[64],"plant)":[65],"evaluated":[67],"for":[68,151,158],"potential":[69],"against":[72,110,174],"medically":[73],"important":[74],"determined":[83],"in":[84,219],"using":[87],"agar":[88],"disc":[89],"diffusion":[90],"method.":[91],"activities":[96],"(5,":[99],"25,":[100],"50,":[101],"100,":[102],"250":[103],"\u03bcg/ml)":[104],"were":[108,138,184],"tested":[109,176],"two":[111,116],"Gram-positive-Staphylococcus":[112],"aureus,":[113],"Streptococcus":[114],"pyogenes;":[115],"Gram-negative-Escherichia":[117],"coli,":[118],"Pseudomonas":[119],"aeruginosa":[120],"human":[121],"pathogenic":[122],"bacteria;":[123],"three":[125],"strains-Aspergillus":[127],"niger,":[128],"Aspergillus":[129],"clavatus,":[130],"Candida":[131],"albicans.":[132],"Zone":[133],"compared":[139],"that":[141,164,214],"different":[143],"standards":[144],"like":[145],"ampicillin,":[146],"ciprofloxacin,":[147],"norfloxacin,":[148],"chloramphenicol":[150],"nystatin":[155],"griseofulvin":[157],"activity.":[160],"results":[162],"showed":[163],"remarkable":[166],"growth":[171],"shown":[173],"organisms.":[177],"phytochemical":[179],"analyses":[180],"plants":[183,205],"out.":[186],"due":[195],"presence":[198],"various":[200],"secondary":[201],"metabolites.":[202],"Hence,":[203],"these":[204],"can":[206],"be":[207],"used":[208],"discover":[210],"bioactive":[211],"natural":[212],"products":[213],"may":[215],"serve":[216],"as":[217],"leads":[218],"development":[221],"new":[223],"pharmaceuticals":[224],"research":[225],"activities.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":45},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
