{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103561233","doi":null,"title":"The Contribution of Social Networks to Income Inequality in Rural China : a Regression-Based Decomposition and Cross-Regional Comparison","display_name":"The Contribution of Social Networks to Income Inequality in Rural China : a Regression-Based Decomposition and Cross-Regional Comparison","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103561233","mag":"2103561233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01368:0007308832","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2052016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"technical report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2052016","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044699571","display_name":"Ming L\u00fc","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-6322","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-6322"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming L\u00fc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-6322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030355731","display_name":"Jianzhi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-7819","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-7819"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianzhi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4962-7819","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10446","display_name":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","score":0.9110999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11239","display_name":"Social Capital and Networks","score":0.03620000183582306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.031099999323487282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-networks","display_name":"social networks","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guanxi","display_name":"guanxi","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-households","display_name":"rural households","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-capital","display_name":"social capital","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketization","display_name":"marketization","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-variation","display_name":"regional variation","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-china","display_name":"rural China","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality-decomposition","display_name":"decomposition of inequality","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonfarm-employment","display_name":"nonfarm employment","score":0.7360000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.6416890621185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.637821614742279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.6284109354019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.5863569974899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73057352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049314","display_name":"Nonfarm payrolls","level":3,"score":0.540891170501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5056276321411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4989328384399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776208816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3481003","display_name":"Marketization","level":3,"score":0.4663471579551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.4406140446662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3641250431537628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3265562057495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.13874053955078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13419410586357117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01368:0007308832","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2052016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"technical report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01368:0007308887","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2052071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"technical report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:hst:ghsdps:gd08-019","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gcoe.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/research/discussion/2008/pdf/gd08-019.pdf","pdf_url":"http://gcoe.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/research/discussion/2008/pdf/gd08-019.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:2103561233","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gcoe.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/research/discussion/2008/pdf/gd08-019.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:hermes-ir.lib.hit-u.ac.jp:10086/16388","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10086/16388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401645","display_name":"Institutional Repository, Hitotsubashi University (Hitotsubashi University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I111428342","host_organization_name":"Hitotsubashi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111428342"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Technical Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hermes-ir.lib.hit-u.ac.jp:10086/16461","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10086/16461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401645","display_name":"Institutional Repository, Hitotsubashi University (Hitotsubashi University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I111428342","host_organization_name":"Hitotsubashi University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111428342"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Technical Report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01368:0007308832","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hit-u.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/2052016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"technical report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":1.0,"display_name":"No poverty"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":1.0,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W39862405","https://openalex.org/W182629641","https://openalex.org/W604823493","https://openalex.org/W1484775731","https://openalex.org/W1511172025","https://openalex.org/W1517417226","https://openalex.org/W1573584823","https://openalex.org/W1577001291","https://openalex.org/W1584596632","https://openalex.org/W1840218356","https://openalex.org/W1963965317","https://openalex.org/W1969981696","https://openalex.org/W1978569107","https://openalex.org/W2014866221","https://openalex.org/W2029394297","https://openalex.org/W2030865829","https://openalex.org/W2058626158","https://openalex.org/W2072632134","https://openalex.org/W2072714661","https://openalex.org/W2094095348","https://openalex.org/W2097846216","https://openalex.org/W2102175042","https://openalex.org/W2115304144","https://openalex.org/W2116037356","https://openalex.org/W2125326601","https://openalex.org/W2135409175","https://openalex.org/W2136915444","https://openalex.org/W2139358753","https://openalex.org/W2171967229","https://openalex.org/W2222540126","https://openalex.org/W2331547719","https://openalex.org/W2475411497","https://openalex.org/W2493195518","https://openalex.org/W2955809425","https://openalex.org/W3122536812","https://openalex.org/W3123138237","https://openalex.org/W3123645730","https://openalex.org/W3125535621","https://openalex.org/W3149953018","https://openalex.org/W4253101200"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380055479","https://openalex.org/W2357360358","https://openalex.org/W4389152274","https://openalex.org/W4409885103","https://openalex.org/W3024196396","https://openalex.org/W3023480554","https://openalex.org/W4410129977","https://openalex.org/W3148774962","https://openalex.org/W2947294668","https://openalex.org/W4307261648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,12,23,53,86],"quantify":[4],"the":[5,105,112,115,120],"contribution":[6,85],"of":[7,34,114],"social":[8,49,74,109,128],"networks,":[9],"i.e.,":[10],"guanxi,":[11],"income":[13,54,81,87],"inequality":[14,55,88],"in":[15,18,43,58,89,124],"rural":[16,44,59],"households":[17,57],"China.":[19],"One":[20],"purpose":[21],"is":[22,99,111],"understand":[24],"how":[25],"this":[26],"influence":[27],"varies":[28],"across":[29],"regions":[30,126],"with":[31,93],"different":[32],"levels":[33],"marketization":[35],"and":[36,68,82],"economic":[37,97],"development.":[38],"Employing":[39],"household":[40],"survey":[41],"data":[42],"China,":[45,60,91],"we":[46],"find":[47,72],"that":[48,73,108],"networks":[50,75],"contribute":[51],"12.1%-13.4%":[52],"among":[56],"ranking":[61],"fourth":[62],"after":[63],"village":[64],"identifiers,":[65],"nonfarm":[66],"employment,":[67],"education.":[69],"We":[70],"also":[71],"exert":[76],"a":[77,83],"greater":[78,84],"impact":[79],"on":[80],"Eastern":[90],"compared":[92],"Middle-Western":[94],"China":[95],"where":[96],"development":[98],"relatively":[100],"slower.":[101],"Our":[102],"findings":[103],"challenge":[104],"conventional":[106],"understanding":[107],"capital":[110,113],"poor.":[116],"In":[117],"other":[118],"words,":[119],"rich":[121],"get":[122],"richer":[123,125],"through":[127],"networks.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}