{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103526166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","title":"Why Courts Should Not Quantify Probable Cause","display_name":"Why Courts Should Not Quantify Probable Cause","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103526166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","mag":"2103526166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Political Heart of Criminal Procedure","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4231229813","display_name":"The Political Heart of Criminal Procedure"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035105281","display_name":"Orin S. Kerr","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Orin Kerr","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, School of Law"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, School of Law","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035105281"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6188,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92534538,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"131","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14493","display_name":"Criminal Law and Evidence","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14115","display_name":"Legal processes and jurisprudence","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13376","display_name":"Criminal Law and Policy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probable-cause","display_name":"probable cause","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-amendment","display_name":"Fourth Amendment","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-and-seizure","display_name":"search and seizure","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warrant-requirement","display_name":"warrant requirement","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supreme-court","display_name":"Supreme Court","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/totality-of-the-circumstances","display_name":"totality of the circumstances","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-powers","display_name":"police powers","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-standards","display_name":"constitutional standards","score":0.3269999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140334061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2624821","display_name":"Probable cause","level":3,"score":0.8792891502380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.5900912284851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69775031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647884","display_name":"Search and seizure","level":3,"score":0.5370361804962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4485180377960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18650270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11206","display_name":"Constitutional law","level":2,"score":0.4255768060684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778272461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190752","display_name":"Supreme court","level":2,"score":0.15804129838943481}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139094603.010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Political Heart of Criminal Procedure","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W200124229","https://openalex.org/W1500303306","https://openalex.org/W1604801388","https://openalex.org/W1860456117","https://openalex.org/W2099734055","https://openalex.org/W3025703022","https://openalex.org/W3125374249","https://openalex.org/W4214649783"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3124782211","https://openalex.org/W4319157850","https://openalex.org/W4406838775","https://openalex.org/W3135415896","https://openalex.org/W2922621338","https://openalex.org/W2967549781","https://openalex.org/W4250232873","https://openalex.org/W1526019721","https://openalex.org/W1594271524","https://openalex.org/W2995702363"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Probable":[1],"cause":[2,47,73,92],"is":[3,57,119],"a":[4,33,75,82],"basic":[5],"tool":[6],"of":[7,35,81,97,121,142],"Fourth":[8],"Amendment":[9],"law.":[10],"It":[11],"appears":[12],"prominently":[13],"in":[14],"the":[15,43,108,128,140,143],"constitutional":[16,41],"text:":[17],"\u201cno":[18],"warrants":[19],"shall":[20],"issue,":[21],"but":[22,48],"upon":[23],"probable":[24,46,58,72,91,114],"cause.\u201d":[25],"Police":[26],"power":[27],"often":[28],"depends":[29,138],"on":[30,139],"it.":[31],"In":[32],"range":[34],"settings,":[36],"searches":[37],"and":[38,137],"seizures":[39],"are":[40],"if":[42,50],"police":[44],"have":[45],"unconstitutional":[49],"they":[51],"don't.":[52],"But":[53,107],"just":[54],"how":[55],"\u201cprobable\u201d":[56],"cause?":[59],"The":[60,67,85],"Supreme":[61,68],"Court":[62,69,86,109,129],"has":[63,70,87,104,110],"declined":[64],"to":[65,112],"say.":[66],"described":[71],"as":[74],"\u201cnontechnical":[76],"conception\u201d":[77],"that":[78,90],"requires":[79],"proof":[80],"\u201cfair":[83],"probability.\u201d":[84],"also":[88],"said":[89],"exists":[93],"when":[94],"\u201ca":[95],"man":[96],"reasonable":[98],"caution\u201d":[99],"would":[100],"believe":[101],"an":[102],"offense":[103],"been":[105],"committed.":[106],"refused":[111],"quantify":[113],"cause.":[115],"\u201cThe":[116],"probable-cause":[117],"standard":[118],"incapable":[120],"precise":[122],"definition":[123],"or":[124],"quantification":[125],"into":[126],"percentages,\u201d":[127],"recently":[130],"declared,":[131],"\u201cbecause":[132],"it":[133],"deals":[134],"with":[135],"probabilities":[136],"totality":[141],"circumstances.\u201d":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-10T09:11:00.788812","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}