{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103393382","doi":null,"title":"Fasting insulin levels as a measure of insulin resistance in American blacks.","display_name":"Fasting insulin levels as a measure of insulin resistance in American blacks.","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103393382","mag":"2103393382","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17682309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:17682309","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17682309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medicine","raw_type":"Evaluation Study"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046798868","display_name":"Richard Mack","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4402554120","display_name":"Rutgers New Jersey Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/014ye1258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I4390039302","https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Mack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4402554120"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035870360","display_name":"Blanche Skurnick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blanche Skurnick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042250388","display_name":"Yolette Sterling-Jean","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yolette Sterling-Jean","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074686976","display_name":"Manuela Pedra\u2010Nobre","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuela Pedra-Nobre","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009484867","display_name":"Debra Bigg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debra Bigg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1591,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54212929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1-6","first_page":"31","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance","display_name":"insulin resistance","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fasting-insulin","display_name":"fasting insulin","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantitative-insulin-sensitivity-check-index","display_name":"QUICKI","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-americans","display_name":"African Americans","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-caribbean","display_name":"Black Caribbean","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance-markers","display_name":"insulin resistance markers","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulin-resistance-screening","display_name":"insulin resistance screening","score":0.3529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9037569761276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777391703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470","display_name":"Insulin resistance","level":3,"score":0.8723920583724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7912611961364746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.7832541465759277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.7133257389068604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6863353252410889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.5827264189720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.41090261936187744}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001786","descriptor_name":"Blood Glucose","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005215","descriptor_name":"Fasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007328","descriptor_name":"Insulin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007333","descriptor_name":"Insulin Resistance","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:17682309","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17682309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medicine","raw_type":"Evaluation Study"},{"id":"mag:2103393382","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17682309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1950185295","https://openalex.org/W2101796228","https://openalex.org/W2109524916","https://openalex.org/W2126327417","https://openalex.org/W2137429143","https://openalex.org/W2143751848","https://openalex.org/W2410394096"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2119051549","https://openalex.org/W1990881169","https://openalex.org/W2157677495","https://openalex.org/W2096345851","https://openalex.org/W2003112034","https://openalex.org/W2133923643","https://openalex.org/W2169210307","https://openalex.org/W2262179091","https://openalex.org/W2152286092","https://openalex.org/W2095097082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Insulin":[0],"resistance":[1],"is":[2,60],"a":[3,13,32,61],"common":[4],"finding":[5],"in":[6,100],"diabetes":[7,20,41,113],"mellitus,":[8],"and":[9,26,30,96,115,159],"may":[10,202],"serve":[11],"as":[12,31],"measure":[14,52,86,193],"of":[15,17,45,53,63,66,69,72,79,87,108,194],"efficacy":[16],"therapies":[18],"for":[19,35,37,129],"mellitus:":[21],"exercise,":[22],"exogenous":[23],"insulin,":[24],"sulfonylureas,":[25],"PPAR":[27],"gamma":[28],"agonists,":[29],"possible":[33],"marker":[34],"risk":[36],"developing":[38],"type":[39,111],"II":[40],"mellitus.":[42],"The":[43],"purpose":[44],"our":[46,147],"study":[47],"was":[48],"to":[49],"compare":[50],"one":[51],"insulin":[54,81,90,131,142,157,165,173,182,195,200],"resistance,":[55,143,196],"the":[56,64,67,70,77,84,139,177],"QUICKI":[57,178,188],"method,":[58,179],"which":[59],"calculation":[62],"inverse":[65],"sum":[68],"log":[71,78],"fasting":[73,80,88,130,156,172,199],"serum":[74,89],"glucose":[75],"plus":[76],"level,":[82],"with":[83,110,154,161],"observational":[85],"levels.":[91,132,166],"We":[92,118],"studied":[93],"79":[94],"African-American":[95],"Caribbean":[97],"Black":[98],"patients":[99],"an":[101],"inner-city":[102],"hospital-based":[103],"internal":[104],"medicine":[105],"practice,":[106],"37":[107],"them":[109],"2":[112],"mellitus":[114],"42":[116],"controls.":[117],"found":[119],"that":[120,187],"most":[121],"controls":[122],"fell":[123],"within":[124],"manufacturers":[125],"proposed":[126],"reference":[127],"range":[128],"However,":[133],"about":[134,168],"5%":[135],"were":[136,150],"appreciably":[137],"above":[138],"range,":[140],"suggesting":[141],"despite":[144],"euglycemia.":[145],"Among":[146],"diabetics":[148],"there":[149],"two":[151],"subpopulations:":[152],"those":[153,160],"elevated":[155,171,198],"levels":[158,201],"normal":[162],"or":[163],"deficient":[164],"Only":[167],"30%":[169],"had":[170],"levels;":[174],"however,":[175],"by":[176],"54%":[180],"showed":[181],"resistance.":[183],"These":[184],"findings":[185],"suggest":[186],"might":[189],"be":[190,203],"more":[191,204],"sensitive":[192],"while":[197],"specific.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
