{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103308208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","title":"The Formation of Ch'an Ideology in China and Korea: The \"Vajrasamadhi-Sutra\", a Buddhist Apocryphon","display_name":"The Formation of Ch'an Ideology in China and Korea: The \"Vajrasamadhi-Sutra\", a Buddhist Apocryphon","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103308208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","mag":"2103308208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1399700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196911494","display_name":"Philosophy East and West","issn_l":"0031-8221","issn":["0031-8221","1529-1898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315682","host_organization_name":"University of Hawaii Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315682"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Hawaii Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophy East and West","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028245412","display_name":"Peter N. Gregory","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter N. Gregory","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057213127","display_name":"Robert E. Buswell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert E. Buswell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.8142,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96626216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"182","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10893","display_name":"Chinese history and philosophy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13150","display_name":"Study and Philosophy of Religion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zen-buddhism","display_name":"Zen Buddhism","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sinicization-of-buddhism","display_name":"Sinicization of Buddhism","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-asian-buddhism","display_name":"East Asian Buddhism","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorship-and-dating","display_name":"authorship and dating","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/korean-buddhism","display_name":"Korean Buddhism","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-buddhism","display_name":"Chinese Buddhism","score":0.5759999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.8876216411590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.8723604679107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.8124048709869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4240309000015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.39082226157188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.347953736782074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.335807204246521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30430731177330017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.164348304271698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.10181695222854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.057815223932266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.02550792694091797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1399700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1399700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196911494","display_name":"Philosophy East and West","issn_l":"0031-8221","issn":["0031-8221","1529-1898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315682","host_organization_name":"University of Hawaii Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315682"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Hawaii Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophy East and West","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242093473","https://openalex.org/W4299524154","https://openalex.org/W619139641","https://openalex.org/W602466708","https://openalex.org/W6926327158","https://openalex.org/W2529144853","https://openalex.org/W2339599608","https://openalex.org/W2136918751","https://openalex.org/W2966190128","https://openalex.org/W1017831927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,150],"book":[1],"is":[2,46],"a":[3,71,119,205],"translation":[4],"and":[5,10,109,129,142,148,167,199],"study":[6],"of":[7,13,20,56,80,95,113,138,158,161,168,175,184,194],"the":[8,18,76,81,92,106,110,114,125,133,136,159,169,173,192],"Vajrasamadhi-Sutra":[9,25],"an":[11,48,155],"examination":[12],"its":[14],"broad":[15],"implications":[16],"for":[17,124],"development":[19],"East":[21,77],"Asian":[22],"Buddhism.":[23,176],"The":[24],"was":[26,63],"traditionally":[27],"assumed":[28],"to":[29,54,90,154],"have":[30,42],"been":[31,180],"translated":[32],"from":[33],"Sanskrit,":[34],"but":[35,188],"some":[36],"modern":[37],"scholars,":[38],"principally":[39],"in":[40,65,101,135,146,164,172,182,196],"Japan,":[41],"proposed":[43],"that":[44,191],"it":[45,62,89],"instead":[47],"indigenous":[49],"Chinese":[50,83],"composition.":[51],"In":[52],"contrast":[53],"both":[55,165],"these":[57],"views,":[58],"Robert":[59],"Buswell":[60,189],"maintains":[61,190],"written":[64],"Korea":[66],"around":[67],"A.D.":[68],"685":[69],"by":[70,131],"Korean":[72,96],"adept":[73],"affiliated":[74],"with":[75],"Mountain":[78],"school":[79],"nascent":[82],"Ch'an":[84,97,116,144,162],"tradition.":[85],"He":[86],"thus":[87],"considers":[88],"be":[91,202],"oldest":[93],"work":[94,112],"(or":[98],"Son,":[99],"which":[100],"Japan":[102,200],"became":[103],"known":[104],"as":[105,118,204],"Zen":[107],"school),":[108],"second-oldest":[111],"sinitic":[115],"tradition":[117],"whole.Buswell":[120],"makes":[121],"his":[122],"case":[123],"scripture's":[126],"dating,":[127],"authorship,":[128],"provenance":[130],"placing":[132],"sutra":[134],"context":[137],"Buddhist":[139],"doctrinal":[140],"writings":[141],"early":[143],"literature":[145],"China":[147],"Korea.":[149],"approach":[151],"leads":[152],"him":[153],"extensive":[156],"analysis":[157],"origins":[160],"ideology":[163],"countries":[166],"principal":[170],"trends":[171],"sinicization":[174],"Buddhism":[177],"has":[178],"typically":[179],"studied":[181],"terms":[183],"independent":[185],"national":[186],"traditions,":[187],"history":[193],"religion":[195],"China,":[197],"Korea,":[198],"should":[201],"treated":[203],"whole.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}