{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103158120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","title":"Returns to Angel Investors in Groups","display_name":"Returns to Angel Investors in Groups","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103158120","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","mag":"2103158120"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1028592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","pdf_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=1028592","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=1028592","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086296821","display_name":"Robert Wiltbank","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141670070","display_name":"Willamette University","ror":"https://ror.org/04g9e0f44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141670070"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert Wiltbank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Willamette University - Atkinson Graduate School of Management, 900 State Street, Salem, OR 97301, United States","Willamette University - Atkinson Graduate School of Management"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Willamette University - Atkinson Graduate School of Management, 900 State Street, Salem, OR 97301, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141670070"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Willamette University - Atkinson Graduate School of Management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141670070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068983357","display_name":"Warren Boeker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Warren Boeker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington - Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Seattle, WA, United States","University of Washington - Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington - Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Seattle, WA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington - Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086296821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141670070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14464","display_name":"Community Development and Social Impact","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angel-investors","display_name":"angel investors","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venture-capital","display_name":"venture capital","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-returns","display_name":"investment returns","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-exit","display_name":"firm exit","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acquisitions","display_name":"acquisitions","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initial-public-offerings","display_name":"initial public offerings","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-closures","display_name":"business closures","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accredited-investors","display_name":"accredited investors","score":0.5849999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4200730621814728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.35119569301605225}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1028592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","pdf_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=1028592","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:harvest.issuelab.org:10920","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://issuelab.org/permalink/resource/10920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196281","display_name":"Issue Lab (Candid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210144560","host_organization_name":"Candid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144560"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.1028592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1028592","pdf_url":"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=1028592","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2103158120.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2103158120.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2275935225","https://openalex.org/W1769639856","https://openalex.org/W1510868680","https://openalex.org/W4409807488","https://openalex.org/W3121583972","https://openalex.org/W1893819441","https://openalex.org/W4409809259","https://openalex.org/W7096731009","https://openalex.org/W1764631508","https://openalex.org/W82664498"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
