{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102913115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","title":"The Phenotypes En(a\u2212), Wr(a\u2212b\u2212), and En(a+), Wr(a+b\u2212), and Further Studies on the Wright and En Blood Group Systems","display_name":"The Phenotypes En(a\u2212), Wr(a\u2212b\u2212), and En(a+), Wr(a+b\u2212), and Further Studies on the Wright and En Blood Group Systems","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102913115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","mag":"2102913115","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/982531"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186746772","display_name":"Transfusion","issn_l":"0041-1132","issn":["0041-1132","0372-1248","1537-2995","1878-2000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transfusion","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049386840","display_name":"PETER D. ISSITT","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100434","display_name":"National Blood Transfusion Service","ror":"https://ror.org/014pn8930","country_code":"NG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I4405267351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["NG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. D. Issitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834","https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110187050","display_name":"BEVERLY G. PAVONE","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100434","display_name":"National Blood Transfusion Service","ror":"https://ror.org/014pn8930","country_code":"NG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I4405267351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["NG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. G. Pavone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834","https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084552928","display_name":"W. Wagstaff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7071-2973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7071-2973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100434","display_name":"National Blood Transfusion Service","ror":"https://ror.org/014pn8930","country_code":"NG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I4405267351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["NG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Wagstaff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834","https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036390503","display_name":"Dennis Goldfinger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100434","display_name":"National Blood Transfusion Service","ror":"https://ror.org/014pn8930","country_code":"NG","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I4405267351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["NG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Goldfinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Paul I. Hoxworth Blood Center of the University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, the National Blood Transfusion Service, Sheffield Regional Center, Sheffield, England, and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834","https://openalex.org/I4210100434","https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4100,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4100},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86582037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"5","first_page":"396","last_page":"407"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11660","display_name":"Blood groups and transfusion","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11660","display_name":"Blood groups and transfusion","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10693","display_name":"Blood transfusion and management","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-ena-antibodies","display_name":"anti-ENA antibodies","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null-alleles","display_name":"null alleles","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-linkage","display_name":"genetic linkage","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-interactions","display_name":"genetic interactions","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuraminidase","display_name":"neuraminidase","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trypsin","display_name":"trypsin","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ficin","display_name":"ficin","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-blood-cell-antigens","display_name":"red blood cell antigens","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-studies","display_name":"family studies","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-specificity","display_name":"antibody specificity","score":0.33799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.6399340629577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.5469123125076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.5392329692840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5104507207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4916117787361145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.46469447016716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.4531365931034088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.43957701325416565}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001789","descriptor_name":"Blood Group Antigens","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006579","descriptor_name":"Heterozygote","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007106","descriptor_name":"Immune Sera","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007519","descriptor_name":"Isoantigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1976.16577039293.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186746772","display_name":"Transfusion","issn_l":"0041-1132","issn":["0041-1132","0372-1248","1537-2995","1878-2000"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transfusion","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:982531","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/982531","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transfusion","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94845918","https://openalex.org/W1581552278","https://openalex.org/W1771691146","https://openalex.org/W1971777275","https://openalex.org/W1998873477","https://openalex.org/W2006052314","https://openalex.org/W2007869316","https://openalex.org/W2027596448","https://openalex.org/W2032336663","https://openalex.org/W2032537694","https://openalex.org/W2045751563","https://openalex.org/W2047237331","https://openalex.org/W2050439744","https://openalex.org/W2071245575","https://openalex.org/W2075205886","https://openalex.org/W2082181892","https://openalex.org/W2086874881","https://openalex.org/W2090088486","https://openalex.org/W2101048578","https://openalex.org/W2113031706","https://openalex.org/W2121205123","https://openalex.org/W2155750242","https://openalex.org/W2411753786"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2082792887","https://openalex.org/W2121205123","https://openalex.org/W2014285062","https://openalex.org/W2078928440","https://openalex.org/W2027596448","https://openalex.org/W2040098527","https://openalex.org/W13134514","https://openalex.org/W2051108360","https://openalex.org/W1981135395","https://openalex.org/W91338583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,14,62],"1975,":[1],"we":[2,18,64,123],"showed":[3],"18,":[4],"19":[5],"an":[6,280],"En(a-)":[7,25,43,150],"blood":[8,51,70,129],"sample":[9],"to":[10,33,36,180,274,304],"be":[11,34,299,343],"phenotypically":[12],"Wr(a-b-).":[13,47,251],"the":[15,37,40,68,77,116,127,132,145,149,163,172,186,201,211,221,226,235,240,248,259,264,267,277,290,295,307,328,350,363,370,379,389,408,414],"current":[16],"report,":[17],"describe":[19],"tests":[20],"that":[21,23,53,67,97,109,126,156,171,220,228,239,258,266,305,320,349,372,388,400],"show":[22],"three":[24],"members":[26],"of":[27,39,72,88,103,131,144,148,190,203,279,301,360,381],"a":[28,85,101,110,177,231,324],"single":[29,86],"family,":[30],"not":[31,141,161,224,337],"believed":[32],"related":[35],"family":[38,78],"previously":[41],"tested":[42],"person,":[44],"are":[45,80,137,192,272],"also":[46,255],"They":[48],"have":[49,65,94,124,176,197],"red":[50,69,128],"cells":[52,71,130],"neither":[54],"react":[55],"with":[56,422],"nor":[57],"adsorb":[58],"anti-Wra":[59],"or":[60,165,207,311],"anti-Wrb.":[61],"addition,":[63],"shown":[66,95,155],"six":[73],"EnaEn":[74],"heterozygotes,":[75],"in":[76,168,200,247,276,378],"tested,":[79],"Wr(a-b+)":[81],"but":[82,170,399],"carry":[83],"only":[84,133],"dose":[87],"Wrb":[89,166,270,375],"antigen.":[90],"Tests":[91],"on":[92,185,333],"anti-Ena":[93,105],"conclusively":[96],"one":[98],"example":[99,112,189],"is":[100,153,218,230,254,287,317,323,336,347,385,392,405,419],"mixture":[102],"separable":[104],"and":[106,108,139,158,213,269,294,309,313,340,352,354,374],"anti-Wrb":[107,191,391,418],"second":[111],"may":[113],"well":[114,262],"contain":[115],"same":[117],"two":[118],"antibodies.":[119],"By":[120],"various":[121,195],"methods,":[122],"demonstrated":[125],"known":[134,348],"Wr(a+b-)":[135],"individual":[136],"En(a+)":[138],"do":[140,160],"display":[142],"any":[143],"physicochemical":[146],"abberations":[147],"phenotype.":[151],"It":[152,217,316],"further":[154],"neuraminidase":[157],"trypsin":[159],"denature":[162,181],"Wra":[164,268,351,373],"antigens":[167],"vitro,":[169],"protease":[173],"ficin":[174],"does":[175,223],"limited":[178],"ability":[179],"Wrb.":[182],"Additional":[183],"observations":[184],"first":[187],"reported":[188],"included.":[193],"These":[194],"findings":[196],"been":[198],"considered":[199],"light":[202],"gene":[204,208],"linkage":[205],"of,":[206],"interaction":[209,291],"between,":[210],"En":[212,229,322,339,361],"Wright":[214,296],"system":[215],"genes.":[216,315],"concluded":[219],"evidence":[222,260,332],"exclude":[225],"possibility":[227],"silent":[232,325],"allele":[233,326],"at":[234,327,362],"WraWrb":[236],"locus":[237,330,365],"so":[238],"genotype":[241],"EnEn":[242],"(or":[243],"WrWr)":[244],"might":[245],"result":[246],"phenotype":[249],"En(a-),":[250],"However,":[252],"it":[253,346,384],"pointed":[256,318,386],"out":[257,319,387],"equally":[261],"supports":[263],"postulation":[265],"genes":[271,297,356],"unable":[273],"function":[275,377],"absence":[278,380],"Ena":[281,293],"gene.":[282],"If":[283],"this":[284,334,403],"latter":[285],"theory":[286,371],"proved":[288],"correct,":[289],"between":[292,306],"can":[298],"thought":[300],"as":[302],"similar":[303],"H":[308],"ABO":[310],"X1r":[312],"CDE":[314],"if":[321,402],"MN":[329,364],"(current":[331],"point":[335],"conclusive,)":[338],"Wr":[341],"cannot":[342,376],"synonymous":[344],"for":[345],"M":[353],"N":[355],"segregate":[357],"independently.":[358],"Location":[359],"would":[366],"not,":[367],"however,":[368],"refute":[369],"En.":[382],"Finally,":[383],"supposed":[390],"probably":[393],"just":[394],"what":[395],"its":[396],"name":[397],"implies":[398],"even":[401],"assumption":[404],"later":[406],"disproved,":[407],"high":[409],"incidence":[410],"antigen":[411],"defined":[412],"by":[413],"antibody":[415],"presently":[416],"called":[417],"unequivocally":[420],"associated":[421],"Ena.":[423]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}