{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102887630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","title":"Entropy in the natural time domain","display_name":"Entropy in the natural time domain","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102887630","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","mag":"2102887630","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15324041"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreve.70.011106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35412551","display_name":"Physical Review E","issn_l":"1539-3755","issn":["1539-3755","1550-2376"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review E","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0501117","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058362966","display_name":"Panayiotis Antoniou Varotsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-3420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6983-3420","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5286-8739"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. A. Varotsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece. pvaro@otenet.gr","Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece. pvaro@otenet.gr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060854931","display_name":"N. V. Sarlis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-519X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8483-519X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. V. Sarlis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid State Section, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028330028","display_name":"E. S. Skordas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4903","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-4903"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. S. Skordas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065615580","display_name":"M. Lazaridou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. S. Lazaridou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Solid Earth Physics Institute, Physics Department, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografos 157 84, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":120,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97117927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"1","first_page":"011106","last_page":"011106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.8589000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.8589000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.06289999932050705,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-fluctuations","display_name":"entropy fluctuations","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-data-analysis","display_name":"surrogate data analysis","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-markovianity","display_name":"non-Markovianity","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series-analysis","display_name":"time series analysis","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismic-electric-signals","display_name":"seismic electric signals","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"artificial noise","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocardiography","display_name":"electrocardiogram","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sudden-cardiac-death","display_name":"sudden cardiac death","score":0.8830000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.6705581545829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.4551122784614563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4314330518245697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4222942888736725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3854715824127197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3642295002937317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2910383343696594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26217350363731384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0915270447731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1103/physreve.70.011106","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.70.011106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35412551","display_name":"Physical Review E","issn_l":"1539-3755","issn":["1539-3755","1550-2376"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320261","host_organization_name":"American Physical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320261"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Physical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Review E","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15324041","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15324041","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0501117","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0501117","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0501117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:817016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/817016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.physics/0501117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0501117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.physics/0501117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:physics/0501117","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0501117","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0501117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W604181985","https://openalex.org/W1969359662","https://openalex.org/W1981079032","https://openalex.org/W1982002340","https://openalex.org/W1987483518","https://openalex.org/W2000909451","https://openalex.org/W2003303811","https://openalex.org/W2005251549","https://openalex.org/W2024383241","https://openalex.org/W2077023123","https://openalex.org/W2098440306","https://openalex.org/W2102568183","https://openalex.org/W2120062331","https://openalex.org/W2125290397","https://openalex.org/W2132904166","https://openalex.org/W2158262018","https://openalex.org/W2160701304","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2221831393","https://openalex.org/W2751862591","https://openalex.org/W3118259273","https://openalex.org/W3119264854","https://openalex.org/W3122507959","https://openalex.org/W4230941884","https://openalex.org/W4250555591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147393362","https://openalex.org/W56537590","https://openalex.org/W2091844385","https://openalex.org/W1629695799","https://openalex.org/W2135827500","https://openalex.org/W2605922915","https://openalex.org/W2047249607","https://openalex.org/W2077062777","https://openalex.org/W2157025581","https://openalex.org/W891289749"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"surrogate":[1],"data":[2,107],"analysis":[3,43],"is":[4,7,30,44,130],"presented,":[5],"which":[6],"based":[8],"on":[9],"the":[10,13,18,39,63,72,80,90,95,105,109,117],"fluctuations":[11],"of":[12,49,74,79,99,128],"\"entropy\"":[14],"S":[15],"defined":[16],"in":[17,65],"natural":[19],"time":[20,50,101],"domain":[21],"[Phys.":[22],"Rev.":[23],"E":[24],"68,":[25],"031106":[26],"(2003)]].":[27],"This":[28],"entropy":[29,96],"not":[31],"a":[32,100,122],"static":[33],"one":[34],"such":[35],"as,":[36],"for":[37],"example,":[38],"Shannon":[40],"entropy.":[41],"The":[42,125],"applied":[45],"to":[46],"three":[47],"types":[48],"series,":[51],"i.e.,":[52],"seismic":[53],"electric":[54],"signals,":[55],"\"artificial\"":[56],"noises,":[57],"and":[58,60,87,108],"electrocardiograms,":[59],"it":[61,70,114],"\"recognizes\"":[62],"non-Markovianity":[64],"all":[66],"these":[67],"signals.":[68],"Furthermore,":[69],"differentiates":[71],"electrocardiograms":[73],"healthy":[75],"humans":[76],"from":[77],"those":[78],"sudden":[81],"cardiac":[82],"death":[83],"ones.":[84],"If":[85],"deltaS":[86],"deltaSshuf":[88,119,129],"denote":[89],"standard":[91],"deviation":[92],"when":[93],"calculating":[94],"by":[97],"means":[98],"window":[102],"sweeping":[103],"through":[104],"original":[106],"\"shuffled\"":[110],"(randomized)":[111],"data,":[112],"respectively,":[113],"seems":[115],"that":[116],"ratio":[118],"/deltaS":[120],"plays":[121],"key":[123],"role.":[124],"physical":[126],"meaning":[127],"investigated.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-08T09:06:37.294493","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
