{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102743885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","title":"Basepaths to Empire: Race and the Spalding World Baseball Tour","display_name":"Basepaths to Empire: Race and the Spalding World Baseball Tour","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102743885","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","mag":"2102743885"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1537781400001997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36911653","display_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","issn_l":"1537-7814","issn":["1537-7814","1943-3557"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035516760","display_name":"Thomas W. Zeiler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas W. Zeiler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado at Boulder"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado at Boulder","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035516760"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31537896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"179","last_page":"207"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14518","display_name":"American Sports and Literature","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14518","display_name":"American Sports and Literature","score":0.9175000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.02879999950528145,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Physical Education and Sports Studies","score":0.016100000590085983,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseball","display_name":"baseball","score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism","display_name":"racism","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civilizing-mission","display_name":"civilizing mission","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-empire","display_name":"American empire","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gilded-age","display_name":"Gilded Age","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnationalism","display_name":"transnationalism","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-baseball","display_name":"professional baseball","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-imperialism","display_name":"American imperialism","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-diplomacy","display_name":"cultural diplomacy","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-relations","display_name":"foreign relations","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-ideology","display_name":"racial ideology","score":0.4410000145435333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7890745401382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48349","display_name":"Empire","level":2,"score":0.784783124923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.6900038719177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6072652339935303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.4983072280883789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.46704190969467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46291524171829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.42511337995529175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.39867666363716125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.36059921979904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3584151268005371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3217635750770569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3049871325492859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.18258431553840637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1537781400001997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1537781400001997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S36911653","display_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","issn_l":"1537-7814","issn":["1537-7814","1943-3557"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13337656","https://openalex.org/W431948229","https://openalex.org/W575788688","https://openalex.org/W576523608","https://openalex.org/W576912623","https://openalex.org/W607007479","https://openalex.org/W618601544","https://openalex.org/W619947019","https://openalex.org/W631921253","https://openalex.org/W636133345","https://openalex.org/W649783523","https://openalex.org/W658229101","https://openalex.org/W1498605835","https://openalex.org/W1509927095","https://openalex.org/W1513184555","https://openalex.org/W1521909527","https://openalex.org/W1536891679","https://openalex.org/W1545270085","https://openalex.org/W1571777033","https://openalex.org/W1965856650","https://openalex.org/W1965930511","https://openalex.org/W1966968187","https://openalex.org/W1975948795","https://openalex.org/W1976186997","https://openalex.org/W1976762696","https://openalex.org/W1977227629","https://openalex.org/W1979922424","https://openalex.org/W1980751890","https://openalex.org/W1983540930","https://openalex.org/W1987970446","https://openalex.org/W1995972772","https://openalex.org/W2002398924","https://openalex.org/W2006423944","https://openalex.org/W2012689197","https://openalex.org/W2017873998","https://openalex.org/W2018504113","https://openalex.org/W2018580548","https://openalex.org/W2018732200","https://openalex.org/W2026750352","https://openalex.org/W2027407966","https://openalex.org/W2030857995","https://openalex.org/W2030965289","https://openalex.org/W2034286619","https://openalex.org/W2041208654","https://openalex.org/W2042926018","https://openalex.org/W2044350548","https://openalex.org/W2064539667","https://openalex.org/W2066797403","https://openalex.org/W2071449959","https://openalex.org/W2071558113","https://openalex.org/W2075438250","https://openalex.org/W2077529579","https://openalex.org/W2083498993","https://openalex.org/W2083634438","https://openalex.org/W2094475978","https://openalex.org/W2125384233","https://openalex.org/W2134882421","https://openalex.org/W2135583730","https://openalex.org/W2238241510","https://openalex.org/W2312491309","https://openalex.org/W2313055745","https://openalex.org/W2314422382","https://openalex.org/W2327289397","https://openalex.org/W2327574193","https://openalex.org/W2328599363","https://openalex.org/W2410666350","https://openalex.org/W2518733748","https://openalex.org/W2524824631","https://openalex.org/W2571313764","https://openalex.org/W2765698088","https://openalex.org/W2766914121","https://openalex.org/W2769988522","https://openalex.org/W2797227553","https://openalex.org/W2800526298","https://openalex.org/W2802555214","https://openalex.org/W2998073197","https://openalex.org/W2998608403","https://openalex.org/W3125528794","https://openalex.org/W4206437052","https://openalex.org/W4214920035","https://openalex.org/W4229493352","https://openalex.org/W4230745747","https://openalex.org/W4232755439","https://openalex.org/W4233528055","https://openalex.org/W4236002202","https://openalex.org/W4250024618","https://openalex.org/W4252439153","https://openalex.org/W4290342410","https://openalex.org/W4291192463","https://openalex.org/W4295836497","https://openalex.org/W4297969167","https://openalex.org/W4298239798","https://openalex.org/W4299531638","https://openalex.org/W4300268204","https://openalex.org/W4300562027","https://openalex.org/W4301376330","https://openalex.org/W4301463821","https://openalex.org/W4301484193","https://openalex.org/W4301736301","https://openalex.org/W4302407207","https://openalex.org/W4406525341"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392951193","https://openalex.org/W4392951217","https://openalex.org/W4417367389","https://openalex.org/W4392951179","https://openalex.org/W4392951216","https://openalex.org/W4392951271","https://openalex.org/W2043578146","https://openalex.org/W4392951211","https://openalex.org/W1999554853","https://openalex.org/W607007479"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,14,18,30,33,45,54,59,63,93,100,111,115,138],"Gilded":[2],"Age,":[3],"transnational":[4,41],"American":[5,101],"agents":[6],"carried":[7],"national":[8,46],"values":[9],"abroad,":[10],"including":[11],"defense":[12],"of":[13,17,23,32,38,62,70,114,140],"\u201ccivilizing":[15],"mission\u201d":[16],"white":[19],"race":[20,28],"toward":[21],"people":[22],"color.":[24],"This":[25],"article":[26,119],"explores":[27],"within":[29],"context":[31],"Spalding":[34],"world":[35],"baseball":[36,80,116],"tour":[37],"1888-89,":[39],"a":[40,85,130],"enterprise":[42],"that":[43,95,125],"marketed":[44],"pastime":[47],"abroad":[48],"and,":[49],"in":[50,107],"so":[51],"doing,":[52],"indicated":[53],"latent,":[55],"private":[56],"power":[57],"behind":[58],"official":[60],"policies":[61],"United":[64],"States.":[65],"A":[66],"rather":[67],"unusual":[68],"segment":[69],"society":[71],"to":[72,92,121],"be":[73],"considered":[74],"for":[75,99],"such":[76],"scholarly":[77,123],"treatment,":[78],"professional":[79],"elites":[81],"nonetheless":[82],"helped":[83],"generate":[84],"racist":[86],"imperial":[87],"ideology":[88],"and":[89,133],"thus":[90],"added":[91],"voices":[94],"set":[96],"racial":[97,112],"parameters":[98],"empire":[102],"when":[103],"it":[104],"was":[105],"attained":[106],"1898.":[108],"By":[109],"tracing":[110],"attitudes":[113],"tourists,":[117],"this":[118],"contributes":[120],"recent":[122],"enterprises":[124],"examine":[126],"foreign":[127],"relations":[128],"from":[129],"cultural":[131],"perspective":[132],"integrate":[134],"overlooked":[135],"actors":[136],"into":[137],"study":[139],"diplomatic":[141],"history.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}