{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102539982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","title":"Entrustment and Its Changing Political Meanings in Fuladu, the Gambia (1880-1994)","display_name":"Entrustment and Its Changing Political Meanings in Fuladu, the Gambia (1880-1994)","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102539982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","mag":"2102539982"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3557009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128375914","display_name":"Africa","issn_l":"0001-9720","issn":["0001-9720","1750-0184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Africa: Journal of the International African Institute","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013001947","display_name":"Alice Bellagamba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-381X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-381X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alice Bellagamba","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013001947"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29646085,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"3","first_page":"383","last_page":"383"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13162","display_name":"African Studies and Ethnography","score":0.09939999878406525,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrustment","display_name":"entrustment","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandinka","display_name":"Mandinka","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trust-in-government","display_name":"public trust in government","score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"interdependence","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-migration","display_name":"seasonal migration","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gambia-river","display_name":"Gambia River","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-networks","display_name":"political networks","score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longue-duree","display_name":"longue dur\u00e9e","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776351663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2721121","display_name":"Allegiance","level":3,"score":0.9145711660385132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7604783773422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.5916200280189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5725101232528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.5413697957992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.49616798758506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4791557192802429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4766272306442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3076106607913971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14298677444458008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07598644495010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3557009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3557009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128375914","display_name":"Africa","issn_l":"0001-9720","issn":["0001-9720","1750-0184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Africa: Journal of the International African Institute","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3366/afr.2004.74.3.383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3366/afr.2004.74.3.383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3366/afr.2004.74.3.383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128375914","display_name":"Africa","issn_l":"0001-9720","issn":["0001-9720","1750-0184"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Africa","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/5873","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10281/5873","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53738091","https://openalex.org/W64045901","https://openalex.org/W343985839","https://openalex.org/W361723651","https://openalex.org/W567763982","https://openalex.org/W604376812","https://openalex.org/W612855734","https://openalex.org/W613264308","https://openalex.org/W622746124","https://openalex.org/W649930474","https://openalex.org/W1497080650","https://openalex.org/W1499474349","https://openalex.org/W1504445332","https://openalex.org/W1515983525","https://openalex.org/W1536780866","https://openalex.org/W1540444303","https://openalex.org/W1550079442","https://openalex.org/W1550627924","https://openalex.org/W1553405327","https://openalex.org/W1578467703","https://openalex.org/W1583600662","https://openalex.org/W1591964130","https://openalex.org/W1597316836","https://openalex.org/W1944056186","https://openalex.org/W1983578806","https://openalex.org/W1983966347","https://openalex.org/W1994509910","https://openalex.org/W2002966901","https://openalex.org/W2006507493","https://openalex.org/W2032044989","https://openalex.org/W2032357134","https://openalex.org/W2032607079","https://openalex.org/W2032914145","https://openalex.org/W2039081004","https://openalex.org/W2047663731","https://openalex.org/W2052357969","https://openalex.org/W2053133008","https://openalex.org/W2054255353","https://openalex.org/W2074900208","https://openalex.org/W2085160540","https://openalex.org/W2094499137","https://openalex.org/W2100619560","https://openalex.org/W2104615980","https://openalex.org/W2113633573","https://openalex.org/W2128367383","https://openalex.org/W2133208087","https://openalex.org/W2134677130","https://openalex.org/W2155358460","https://openalex.org/W2157017473","https://openalex.org/W2158446276","https://openalex.org/W2170173552","https://openalex.org/W2171259764","https://openalex.org/W2227186632","https://openalex.org/W2253248891","https://openalex.org/W2268698008","https://openalex.org/W2315353573","https://openalex.org/W2316074921","https://openalex.org/W2317044554","https://openalex.org/W2320024976","https://openalex.org/W2329678172","https://openalex.org/W2334432586","https://openalex.org/W2335312979","https://openalex.org/W2398768726","https://openalex.org/W2504400159","https://openalex.org/W2588887410","https://openalex.org/W2588988405","https://openalex.org/W2750288091","https://openalex.org/W2767364774","https://openalex.org/W2795837156","https://openalex.org/W2796343179","https://openalex.org/W2797882240","https://openalex.org/W2797991034","https://openalex.org/W2800169831","https://openalex.org/W2801232240","https://openalex.org/W2801731193","https://openalex.org/W2802402771","https://openalex.org/W2975529549","https://openalex.org/W3152042125","https://openalex.org/W4206540968","https://openalex.org/W4230179033","https://openalex.org/W4237087651","https://openalex.org/W4250469287","https://openalex.org/W4254845940","https://openalex.org/W4298016764","https://openalex.org/W4300060359","https://openalex.org/W4302615474","https://openalex.org/W6679530866","https://openalex.org/W6768350730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155358460","https://openalex.org/W4248604826","https://openalex.org/W2737821054","https://openalex.org/W4247943441","https://openalex.org/W2524417396","https://openalex.org/W2123553741","https://openalex.org/W7130556085","https://openalex.org/W2894593707","https://openalex.org/W1982739073","https://openalex.org/W980581105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"practice":[2,124],"of":[3,8,14,23,36,55,73,84,110,125,137,139,154],"entrustment":[4,111],"is":[5],"a":[6,62,85,131],"form":[7],"voluntary":[9],"allegiance":[10],"for":[11],"the":[12,21,27,33,47,82,93,102,107,120,123,135],"sake":[13],"protection,":[15],"one":[16],"which":[17],"historically":[18,146],"lies":[19],"at":[20,61],"core":[22],"host\u2013stranger":[24],"relationships":[25],"along":[26],"River":[28],"Gambia.":[29],"Deeply":[30],"woven":[31],"into":[32,80],"social":[34,114,144],"fabric":[35],"local":[37,63],"communities,":[38],"it":[39,78],"was":[40],"appropriated":[41],"by":[42,148],"various":[43],"historical":[44],"subjects":[45],"during":[46],"twentieth":[48],"century":[49,96],"in":[50,89,106,119,143],"order":[51],"to":[52,97],"construct":[53],"networks":[54,138],"political":[56,108],"confidence":[57],"and":[58,64,100,115,141,150],"mutual":[59],"assistance":[60],"national":[65],"level.":[66],"This":[67],"article":[68],"traces":[69],"this":[70],"dynamic":[71],"process":[72],"re-elaboration.":[74],"In":[75],"so":[76],"doing,":[77],"takes":[79],"account":[81],"history":[83],"Mandinka":[86],"commercial":[87],"settlement":[88],"eastern":[90],"Gambia":[91],"from":[92],"late":[94],"nineteenth":[95],"post-Independence":[98],"times,":[99],"questions":[101],"shifts":[103],"that":[104],"occurred":[105],"significance":[109],"with":[112],"changing":[113],"economic":[116],"scenarios.":[117],"Contextualised":[118],"longue":[121],"dur\u00e9e,":[122],"karafoo":[126],"shows":[127],"its":[128],"relevance":[129],"as":[130],"cultural":[132],"resource":[133],"encouraging":[134],"creation":[136],"trust":[140],"interdependence":[142],"settings":[145],"characterised":[147],"seasonal":[149],"more":[151],"stable":[152],"forms":[153],"migration.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
