{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102189376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","title":"Population Policy and Externalities to Childbearing","display_name":"Population Policy and Externalities to Childbearing","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102189376","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","mag":"2102189376"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0002716290510001002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150314616","display_name":"The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","issn_l":"0002-7162","issn":["0002-7162","1552-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026251431","display_name":"Ronald Demos Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-0436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-0436"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RONALD LEE","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103819607","display_name":"Tim C. Miller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"TIM MILLER","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7058,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":50,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92774101,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"510","issue":"1","first_page":"17","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.2904999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.2904999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11544","display_name":"Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics","score":0.15690000355243683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13888","display_name":"Social Policies and Family","score":0.13429999351501465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-policy","display_name":"population policy","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-decision-making","display_name":"reproductive decision-making","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intergenerational-transfers","display_name":"intergenerational transfers","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-goods","display_name":"public goods","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-expenditure","display_name":"government spending","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfare-state","display_name":"welfare state","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-world-countries","display_name":"Third World countries","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare","display_name":"child welfare","score":0.32199999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16118543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372","display_name":"Externality","level":2,"score":0.943254828453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.7170287370681763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162222271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92779871","display_name":"Public good","level":2,"score":0.6289300918579102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.5929957628250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.48569831252098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4836517572402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4808507561683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3346845507621765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.19475099444389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0002716290510001002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716290510001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150314616","display_name":"The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","issn_l":"0002-7162","issn":["0002-7162","1552-3349"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:anname:v:510:y:1990:i:1:p:17-32","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0002716290510001002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/839675","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=Population+Policy+and+Externalities+to+Childbearing&title=ANNALS+OF+THE+AMERICAN+ACADEMY+OF+POLITICAL+&+SOCIAL+SCIENCE+&volume=&issue=&spage=1990&date=1990-07&au=Lee,+Ronald+and+Miller,+Tim","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:98593","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982411846","https://openalex.org/W1984226580","https://openalex.org/W2029096375","https://openalex.org/W2044639565","https://openalex.org/W2321384964","https://openalex.org/W4235506755","https://openalex.org/W4252125609","https://openalex.org/W4390964061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W148178179","https://openalex.org/W2308037539","https://openalex.org/W2611606855","https://openalex.org/W4205106578","https://openalex.org/W1495035726","https://openalex.org/W2922887926","https://openalex.org/W7098752929","https://openalex.org/W1989111814","https://openalex.org/W4392779873","https://openalex.org/W2041281459"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"individual":[1],"couples":[2],"make":[3],"informed":[4],"fertility":[5],"decisions":[6],"that":[7,47],"reflect":[8],"a":[9],"concern":[10],"for":[11,77,162],"the":[12,19,37,134],"future":[13],"well-being":[14],"of":[15,39,45,65,72,121,136,155],"their":[16,56],"own":[17],"children,":[18],"aggregate":[20],"demographic":[21],"outcome":[22],"should":[23],"be":[24],"both":[25,119],"socially":[26],"and":[27,43,84,86],"individually":[28],"optimal.":[29],"This":[30],"result":[31],"depends":[32],"on":[33,49,55],"several":[34],"assumptions,":[35],"including":[36],"absence":[38],"externalities":[40,66,98,117],"to":[41,94,114,127,145],"childbearing\u2014costs":[42],"benefits":[44],"children":[46],"fall":[48],"society":[50],"at":[51],"large":[52,96],"without":[53],"impinging":[54],"parents":[57],"directly":[58],"or":[59,168],"passing":[60],"through":[61],"markets.":[62],"Four":[63],"categories":[64],"are":[67,92],"here":[68],"evaluated:":[69],"reproductive":[70],"dilution":[71],"collective":[73,163],"wealth;":[74],"cost":[75],"spreading":[76],"public":[78],"goods;":[79],"public-sector":[80],"intergenerational":[81],"transfers\u2014health,":[82],"education,":[83],"pensions;":[85],"other":[87,151],"governmental":[88,124],"expenditures.":[89],"Intergenerational":[90],"transfers":[91],"found":[93],"create":[95],"positive":[97,116],"in":[99,107,118,133,142,150],"industrial":[100],"welfare":[101],"states":[102],"but":[103],"small":[104],"negative":[105,129,147],"ones":[106],"Third":[108],"World":[109],"countries.":[110,122],"Public":[111],"goods":[112],"lead":[113,126],"sizable":[115],"groups":[120],"Other":[123],"expenditures":[125],"considerable":[128],"externalities.":[130],"Collective":[131],"wealth":[132],"form":[135],"publicly":[137],"owned":[138],"mineral":[139],"reserves":[140],"leads":[141],"some":[143],"cases":[144,152],"enormous":[146],"externalities,":[148],"while":[149],"it":[153],"is":[154,160],"little":[156],"importance.":[157],"No":[158],"evaluation":[159],"attempted":[161],"environmental":[164],"wealth,":[165],"scale":[166],"returns,":[167],"induced":[169],"technological":[170],"change.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
