{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2102006652","doi":null,"title":"Manifolds Based Emotion Recognition in Speech","display_name":"Manifolds Based Emotion Recognition in Speech","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2102006652","mag":"2102006652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2102006652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nlpr-web.ia.ac.cn/2007papers/gjkw/gk44.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010299064","display_name":"Mingyu You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-167X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-167X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyu You","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080333924","display_name":"Chun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-988X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-988X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052757755","display_name":"Jiajun Bu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-2044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-2044"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajun Bu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-2044","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-0934","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-0934"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-0934","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112613657","display_name":"Jianhua Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-6428","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-6428"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-6428","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8087549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-recognition-in-speech","display_name":"emotion recognition in speech","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold-learning","display_name":"manifold learning","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesic-distance","display_name":"geodesic distance","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"dimensionality reduction","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-characteristics","display_name":"acoustic features","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-embedding","display_name":"nonlinear embedding","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine-classification","display_name":"support vector machine classification","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-robustness","display_name":"noise robustness","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-independent-emotion-recognition","display_name":"speaker-independent emotion recognition","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basic-emotions","display_name":"basic emotions","score":0.41999998688697815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6879045963287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778626561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6086067","display_name":"Isomap","level":4,"score":0.5327950119972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5305818915367126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.5232609510421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5041109323501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5013344287872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47449231147766113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4618932008743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.4424847364425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.423542320728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.42079412937164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165818556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213488","display_name":"Geodesic","level":2,"score":0.4185374677181244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.4113406240940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.34945404529571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.31352588534355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.2766575217247009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1815837025642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2102006652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://nlpr-web.ia.ac.cn/2007papers/gjkw/gk44.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991390949","https://openalex.org/W2001141328","https://openalex.org/W2053186076","https://openalex.org/W2057781541","https://openalex.org/W2063491776","https://openalex.org/W2095869646","https://openalex.org/W2132881650","https://openalex.org/W2155970279","https://openalex.org/W2157543951","https://openalex.org/W2163685610","https://openalex.org/W2167797544","https://openalex.org/W2168241833","https://openalex.org/W2339343773","https://openalex.org/W2546253415"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013678509","https://openalex.org/W1789277461","https://openalex.org/W2151191314","https://openalex.org/W2083094940","https://openalex.org/W1989287797","https://openalex.org/W1992224161","https://openalex.org/W2071123252","https://openalex.org/W2352321395","https://openalex.org/W2289709731","https://openalex.org/W1520178994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,127,179],"paper":[1,58],"presents":[2],"an":[3,239],"emotional":[4,69,109,135,174],"speech":[5,70,85,104,175,249],"recognition":[6,225,246],"system":[7,216,235],"with":[8,16,106,187,211],"the":[9,24,27,57,61,68,78,94,107,118,154,170,182,188,214,233],"analysis":[10],"of":[11,13,19,29,64,84,157,165,173,181,190,241],"manifolds":[12],"speech.":[14],"Working":[15],"large":[17],"volumes":[18],"high-dimensio":[20],"nal":[21],"acoustic":[22,96],"features,":[23],"researchers":[25],"confront":[26],"problem":[28],"dimensionality":[30],"reduction.":[31],"Unlike":[32],"classical":[33],"techniques,":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36],"Principal":[37],"Component":[38],"Analysis":[39,44],"(PCA)":[40],"and":[41,117,142,201,226,238],"Linear":[42,203],"Discriminant":[43],"(LDA),":[45],"a":[46,99,145],"new":[47,183],"approach,":[48],"named":[49],"Enhanced":[50],"Lipschitz":[51],"Embedding":[52,204],"(ELE)":[53],"is":[54,122,131,160,185,250],"proposed":[55,215,234],"in":[56,102,163,221,229,244],"to":[59,76,124,168],"discover":[60],"nonlinear":[62],"degrees":[63],"freedom":[65],"that":[66],"underlie":[67],"corpus.":[71,86],"ELE":[72,92,159],"adopts":[73],"geodesic":[74,89],"distance":[75,90],"preserve":[77],"intrinsic":[79,171],"geometry":[80,172],"at":[81],"all":[82],"scales":[83],"Based":[87],"on":[88],"estimation,":[91],"embeds":[93],"64-dimensional":[95],"features":[97],"into":[98,133],"six-dimensional":[100],"space":[101],"which":[103],"data":[105,119,130],"same":[108],"state":[110],"are":[111],"generally":[112],"clustered":[113],"around":[114],"one":[115],"plane":[116],"distribution":[120],"feature":[121,191],"beneficial":[123],"emotion":[125,224,245],"classification.":[126],"compressed":[128],"testing":[129],"classified":[132],"six":[134],"states":[136],"(neutral,":[137],"anger,":[138],"fear,":[139],"happiness,":[140],"sadness":[141],"surprise)":[143],"by":[144,177,193,252],"trained":[146],"linear":[147],"Support":[148],"Vector":[149],"Machine":[150],"(SVM)":[151],"system.":[152],"Considering":[153],"perception":[155],"constancy":[156],"humans,":[158],"also":[161],"investigated":[162],"terms":[164],"its":[166],"ability":[167],"detect":[169],"corrupted":[176,251],"noise.":[178,254],"performance":[180],"approach":[184],"compared":[186,210],"methods":[189],"selection":[192],"Sequential":[194],"Forward":[195],"Selection":[196],"(SFS),":[197],"PCA,":[198],"LDA,":[199],"Isomap":[200],"Locally":[202],"(LLE).":[205],"Experimental":[206],"results":[207],"demonstrate":[208],"that,":[209],"other":[212],"methods,":[213],"gives":[217],"9%-26%":[218],"relative":[219],"improvement":[220,228,240],"speaker-indep":[222],"endent":[223],"5%-20%":[227],"speaker-dependent":[230],"recognition.":[231],"Meanwhile,":[232],"shows":[236],"robustness":[237],"approximately":[242],"10%":[243],"accuracy":[247],"when":[248],"increasing":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
