{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099806502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","title":"Temporary Protected Status after 25 Years: Addressing the Challenge of Long-Term \u201cTemporary\u201d Residents and Strengthening a Centerpiece of US Humanitarian Protection","display_name":"Temporary Protected Status after 25 Years: Addressing the Challenge of Long-Term \u201cTemporary\u201d Residents and Strengthening a Centerpiece of US Humanitarian Protection","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099806502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","mag":"2099806502"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212533","display_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security","issn_l":"2330-2488","issn":["2330-2488","2331-5024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077042035","display_name":"Claire Bergeron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Claire Bergeron","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077042035"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.9491,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97826183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"23","last_page":"43"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13694","display_name":"Immigration Law and Human Rights","score":0.7851999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13694","display_name":"Immigration Law and Human Rights","score":0.7851999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14226","display_name":"Migration, Racism, and Human Rights","score":0.12600000202655792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.08070000261068344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporary-protected-status","display_name":"Temporary Protected Status","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/humanitarian-protection","display_name":"humanitarian protection","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/definition-of-refugee","display_name":"refugee definition","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asylum-eligibility","display_name":"asylum eligibility","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidiary-protection","display_name":"subsidiary protection","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-residence","display_name":"permanent residence","score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-intent","display_name":"congressional intent","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-history","display_name":"legislative history","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repatriation","display_name":"repatriation","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigration-reform","display_name":"immigration reform","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-disasters","display_name":"natural disasters","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/armed-conflict-displacement","display_name":"armed conflict displacement","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-immigration-law","display_name":"United States immigration law","score":0.6269999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6853858232498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4563466012477875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14240/jmhs.v2i1.23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212533","display_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security","issn_l":"2330-2488","issn":["2330-2488","2331-5024"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:jmhs.journals.sfu.ca:article/23","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://jmhs.cmsny.org/index.php/jmhs/article/view/23","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security; Vol 2, No 1 (2014); 22-43","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.671.8607","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.671.8607","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jmhs.cmsny.org/index.php/jmhs/article/download/23/17/","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:78a4d17a1569417ab086a29c23770562","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/78a4d17a1569417ab086a29c23770562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal on Migration and Human Security, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 22-43 (2014)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W184120359","https://openalex.org/W229108574","https://openalex.org/W910863371","https://openalex.org/W1510618129","https://openalex.org/W1644568776","https://openalex.org/W1867109015","https://openalex.org/W2005670218","https://openalex.org/W2093026635","https://openalex.org/W2234851450","https://openalex.org/W2334910043","https://openalex.org/W2490182302","https://openalex.org/W2583565898","https://openalex.org/W2967069442","https://openalex.org/W3121729845","https://openalex.org/W3122007315","https://openalex.org/W3123141210","https://openalex.org/W3125482243","https://openalex.org/W3128221907","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2972331258","https://openalex.org/W4402089832","https://openalex.org/W3008156563","https://openalex.org/W4390904893","https://openalex.org/W7033376172","https://openalex.org/W7062402336","https://openalex.org/W2893867118","https://openalex.org/W2967069442","https://openalex.org/W4240335143","https://openalex.org/W7134415095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"1990,":[1],"the":[2,69,76,82,85,89,108,115,134,140,200,213,217,230,240,249,252,257,290,300,318,352,357,363,368,376],"United":[3,70,201,241,301,377],"States":[4,242,302],"has":[5,87],"offered":[6],"hundreds":[7],"of":[8,10,20,23,32,42,79,84,91,96,111,130,136,180,219,251,260,277,307,320,326,346,354,356,380,384,416],"thousands":[9],"non-citizens":[11],"who":[12,282,296,391],"are":[13,102,132,147,243],"unable":[14,169,193],"to":[15,17,52,64,156,161,170,174,194,211,223,246,263,269,309,311,323,329,336,343,366,388,401,403],"return":[16,171,284],"their":[18,344],"countries":[19,345],"origin":[21],"because":[22,95],"war":[24],"or":[25],"a":[26,29,40,47,50,163,188,261,274,304,408],"natural":[27],"disaster":[28],"vital":[30],"form":[31,276],"humanitarian":[33],"protection:":[34],"temporary":[35,62,164,221],"protected":[36],"status":[37,182,395],"(TPS).":[38],"While":[39,125],"grant":[41],"TPS":[43,55,100,112,131,145,181,185,214,267,294,321,339,369,394,417],"does":[44],"not":[45,228,288],"place":[46],"non-citizen":[48],"on":[49],"path":[51],"permanent":[53,313,330],"residence,":[54],"recipients":[56],"receive":[57],"protection":[58,222,279],"against":[59],"deportation":[60],"and":[61,66,113,208,332,375],"permission":[63],"live":[65],"work":[67],"in":[68,199,239,299,341],"States.":[71,202],"Nearly":[72],"25":[73],"years":[74,308,400],"after":[75],"statutory":[77,370],"creation":[78],"TPS,":[80],"however,":[81],"use":[83],"program":[86,215,410],"been":[88],"subject":[90],"some":[92],"debate,":[93],"largely":[94],"concerns":[97],"over":[98],"whether":[99],"grants":[101,179,415],"truly":[103],"\u201ctemporary.\u201d":[104],"This":[105,203,348],"paper":[106,141,204,349],"examines":[107],"legal":[109],"parameters":[110],"traces":[114],"program's":[116],"legislative":[117,209],"history,":[118],"exploring":[119],"congressional":[120,157,373],"intent":[121,374],"behind":[122],"its":[123],"creation.":[124],"acknowledging":[126],"that":[127,143,226,236,362,418],"extended":[128,144],"designations":[129,146],"often":[133],"result":[135],"long-running":[137],"international":[138],"crises,":[139],"argues":[142,350],"problematic":[148],"for":[149,167,271,280,303,351,396,411],"two":[150,355],"reasons.":[151],"First,":[152],"they":[153],"run":[154],"contrary":[155],"intent,":[158],"which":[159],"was":[160],"create":[162],"safe":[165],"haven":[166],"individuals":[168,225,281],"home":[172,285],"due":[173],"emergency":[175],"situations.":[176],"Second,":[177],"continued":[178],"effectively":[183],"lock":[184],"beneficiaries":[186,268],"into":[187,197,248],"\"legal":[189],"limbo,\"":[190],"rendering":[191],"them":[192],"fully":[195,244],"integrate":[196,247],"life":[198],"considers":[205],"several":[206],"administrative":[207],"\"fixes\"":[210],"align":[212],"with":[216,372,413],"goal":[218],"providing":[220],"certain":[224,305],"do":[227,287],"meet":[229,289],"refugee":[231,291],"definition,":[232],"while":[233,406],"also":[234],"ensuring":[235],"long-term":[237,385],"immigrants":[238,386],"able":[245],"fabric":[250],"country.":[253],"It":[254,360],"considers:":[255],"Amending":[256],"US":[258],"definition":[259],"\u201crefugee\u201d":[262],"enable":[264],"more":[265,397],"would-be":[266],"qualify":[270],"asylum;":[272],"Creating":[273],"new":[275],"subsidiary":[278],"cannot":[283],"but":[286],"definition;":[292],"Permitting":[293],"holders":[295,322,340],"have":[297,392,419],"resided":[298],"number":[306],"adjust":[310,402],"lawful":[312],"resident":[314],"(LPR)":[315],"status;":[316],"Easing":[317],"ability":[319],"take":[324],"advantage":[325],"existing":[327],"pathways":[328],"residence;":[331],"Implementing":[333],"repatriation":[334,409],"programs":[335],"assist":[337],"former":[338],"returning":[342],"origin.":[347],"adoption":[353],"above":[358],"proposals.":[359],"asserts":[361],"best":[364],"way":[365],"realign":[367],"regime":[371],"States'":[378],"tradition":[379],"promoting":[381],"full":[382],"integration":[383],"is":[387],"allow":[389],"persons":[390],"held":[393],"than":[398],"ten":[399],"LPR":[404],"status,":[405],"implementing":[407],"those":[412],"shorter-term":[414],"ended.":[420]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-27T14:10:00.468798","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}