{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2099690171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","title":"Stochastic computing elements and systems","display_name":"Stochastic computing elements and systems","publication_year":1967,"publication_date":"1967-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2099690171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","mag":"2099690171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/1465611.1465696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088365","display_name":"AFIPS Fall Joint Computer Conference (FJCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the November 14-16, 1967, fall joint computer conference on - AFIPS '67 (Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057000511","display_name":"W.J. Poppelbaum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. J. Poppelbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066375873","display_name":"Chushin Afuso","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Afuso","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015274554","display_name":"John William Esch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. W. Esch","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":117,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"635","last_page":"635"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.2964000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.2964000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.1565999984741211,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.0982000008225441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-computing","display_name":"stochastic computing","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-pulse-sequences","display_name":"random pulse sequences","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-von-neumann-architecture","display_name":"non-von Neumann architecture","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-implementation","display_name":"circuit implementation","score":0.6460000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.8046953678131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.7119250297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.670904815196991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6234809756278992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6150733828544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5928525924682617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.5419420003890991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.5267637968063354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5173180103302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.478469580411911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4459378719329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4355448782444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.28703635931015015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2701670229434967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21566981077194214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15403354167938232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09056425094604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/1465611.1465696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1465611.1465696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407088365","display_name":"AFIPS Fall Joint Computer Conference (FJCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the November 14-16, 1967, fall joint computer conference on - AFIPS '67 (Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515377469","https://openalex.org/W2123333493","https://openalex.org/W2522448568","https://openalex.org/W2793457039","https://openalex.org/W2590693276","https://openalex.org/W2166029726","https://openalex.org/W2588253327","https://openalex.org/W1995363554","https://openalex.org/W2068515589","https://openalex.org/W2918004253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"date":[1],"essentially":[2],"only":[3],"two":[4],"fundamentally":[5],"different":[6],"representations":[7],"of":[8,40,50,63,82,90,99,112,120,127,164],"numbers":[9],"have":[10],"been":[11],"used":[12],"in":[13,60,110],"electronic":[14],"computers:":[15],"One":[16],"is":[17,117],"the":[18,30,33,61,80,88,96,113,118,125,147,162],"analog":[19],"representation":[20,35],"by":[21,161],"a":[22,27,38,45,106],"voltage":[23,51],"or":[24,47,52,93],"current":[25,53],"inside":[26],"given":[28],"range,":[29],"other":[31],"one,":[32],"digital":[34,91],"which":[36,157],"maps":[37],"sequence":[39,49],"0's":[41],"and":[42,101,103,139],"1's":[43],"onto":[44],"spatial":[46],"temporal":[48],"pulses.":[54],"Of":[55],"late,":[56],"interest":[57],"has":[58],"arisen":[59],"use":[62,81,89,163],"random":[64,83,129],"pulse":[65,84,130],"sequences":[66,85,131],"as":[67,132,134],"information":[68],"carriers.":[69],"(1),":[70],"(2),":[71],"(3),":[72],"(4),":[73],"(5),":[74],"(6).":[75],"It":[76,116],"turns":[77],"out":[78],"that":[79],"leads":[86],"to":[87,105,123,140],"ANDs":[92],"ORs":[94],"for":[95],"fundamental":[97],"operations":[98],"multiplication":[100],"summation":[102],"therefore":[104],"very":[107],"considerable":[108],"reduction":[109],"cost":[111],"computational":[114],"equipment.":[115],"purpose":[119],"this":[121],"paper":[122],"present":[124],"theory":[126],"these":[128],"well":[133],"their":[135],"practical":[136],"circuit":[137],"implementations,":[138],"give":[141],"some":[142,150],"systems":[143],"design":[144],"examples.":[145],"In":[146],"final":[148],"section":[149],"non-Von":[151],"Neumann":[152],"organizations":[153],"will":[154],"be":[155],"discussed":[156],"are":[158],"made":[159],"possible":[160],"stochastic":[165],"computing":[166],"elements.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}