{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098698628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","title":"Scoring and Girdling, but not GA3, Increase Yield without Decreasing Return Bloom in \u2018Triumph\u2019 Persimmon","display_name":"Scoring and Girdling, but not GA3, Increase Yield without Decreasing Return Bloom in \u2018Triumph\u2019 Persimmon","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098698628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","mag":"2098698628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/43/7/article-p2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/43/7/article-p2022.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108524846","display_name":"W.J. Steyn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Willem J. Steyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044631284","display_name":"Ungerer Sf","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel F. Ungerer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110737398","display_name":"Karen Inge Theron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","display_name":"Stellenbosch University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bk57929","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen I. Theron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Victoria Street, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Littlewood Estate, Simondium 7670","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":1.2298,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80548377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"7","first_page":"2022","last_page":"2026"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10473","display_name":"Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12834","display_name":"Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persimmon","display_name":"persimmon","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-set","display_name":"fruit set","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gibberellic-acid","display_name":"gibberellic acid","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scoring","display_name":"scoring","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/girdling","display_name":"girdling","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-bloom","display_name":"return bloom","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-yield","display_name":"fruit yield","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternate-bearing","display_name":"alternate bearing","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-orchards","display_name":"young orchards","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-weight","display_name":"fruit weight","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-thinning","display_name":"fruit thinning","score":0.6389999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149943502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623674","display_name":"Girdling","level":2,"score":0.9198172092437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780753983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236371","display_name":"Orchard","level":2,"score":0.8313089609146118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155567681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2987425","display_name":"Bloom","level":2,"score":0.6863429546356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.6038569808006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.5908343195915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4747790992259979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.472205251455307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.46031662821769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993187780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042397","display_name":"Fruit set","level":4,"score":0.43127936124801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3275832235813141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168197293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134624","display_name":"Pollination","level":3,"score":0.07367467880249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780618852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79932","display_name":"Pollen","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/43/7/article-p2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/12635","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/12635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2022","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/43/7/article-p2022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183652945","display_name":"HortScience","issn_l":"0018-5345","issn":["0018-5345","2327-9834"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HortScience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2098698628.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2098698628.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552642425","https://openalex.org/W2008122597","https://openalex.org/W2044813057","https://openalex.org/W2058505962","https://openalex.org/W2260109759","https://openalex.org/W2314932338","https://openalex.org/W2322939164","https://openalex.org/W2324168245","https://openalex.org/W2331531642","https://openalex.org/W2336610477","https://openalex.org/W2589607620","https://openalex.org/W2589711071","https://openalex.org/W2589903297","https://openalex.org/W2591246513","https://openalex.org/W2772045988","https://openalex.org/W6657224237","https://openalex.org/W6686359362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7000105124","https://openalex.org/W1928112077","https://openalex.org/W2155553447","https://openalex.org/W7141620665","https://openalex.org/W90696098","https://openalex.org/W2044813057","https://openalex.org/W4392097256","https://openalex.org/W4390847874","https://openalex.org/W4410711976","https://openalex.org/W2092635658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,232],"persimmon":[1],"(":[2],"Diospyros":[3],"kaki":[4],"Thunb.)":[5],"cultivar":[6],"Triumph":[7],"is":[8,26],"prone":[9],"to":[10,53,85,99,210,239,274,294,300,308,314],"poor":[11],"fruit":[12,55,101,129,235,240,248,259,276,311],"set,":[13,56],"particularly":[14],"in":[15,18,72,105,119,127,145,168,208,234,237,247,257,278,284],"young":[16,74,170,279],"orchards,":[17],"both":[19],"Israel":[20],"and":[21,42,69,81,93,103,131,160,186,199,261,305,313],"South":[22,285],"Africa":[23],"where":[24],"it":[25],"mostly":[27],"grown.":[28],"Two":[29],"applications":[30],"of":[31,89,113,142,225,254,318],"20":[32],"mg\u00b7L":[33],"\u22121":[34],"gibberellic":[35],"acid":[36],"(GA":[37],"3":[38,91,123,166,197,212,227,256],")":[39],"at":[40],"30%":[41],"70%":[43],"full":[44],"bloom":[45,118,267],"(FB)":[46],"are":[47,60],"recommended":[48],"as":[49,139],"the":[50,67,87,111,136,150,157,169,173,180,184,193,222,252,316],"industry":[51,194],"norm":[52],"increase":[54,100,233,295],"but":[57,297],"results":[58],"obtained":[59],"often":[61],"unsatisfactory.":[62],"We":[63,108],"conducted":[64],"experiments":[65],"during":[66,97],"2005\u201306":[68,114,185],"2006\u201307":[70,187],"seasons":[71,138,188],"a":[73,82,140,143,245],"orchard":[75,84],"(less":[76],"than":[77],"5":[78],"years":[79],"old)":[80],"full-bearing":[83,174,281],"determine":[86],"efficacy":[88],"GA":[90,122,165,196,211,226,255],"application":[92,167,198,228],"scoring":[94,148,176,215,288],"or":[95,177,216,280,289],"girdling":[96,178,217,290],"FB":[98],"set":[102,130,241,260,277],"yield":[104,134,152,182,296],"\u2018Triumph\u2019":[106,282],"persimmon.":[107],"also":[109],"established":[110],"effect":[112,224,264],"treatments":[115,124],"on":[116,229,265],"return":[117,146,230,266],"2006\u201307.":[120],"Although":[121],"were":[125],"ineffective":[126],"increasing":[128,258],"reduced":[132],"cumulative":[133,151,181],"over":[135,183],"two":[137],"result":[141],"reduction":[144,246],"bloom,":[147],"increased":[149,179],"by":[153,161,189,200,303],"50%":[154],"compared":[155,163,191,202],"with":[156,164,192,203],"untreated":[158],"control":[159],"92%":[162],"orchard.":[171],"In":[172,250],"orchard,":[175],"52%":[190],"standard":[195],"22%":[201],"trees":[204],"that":[205],"received":[206],"scoring/girdling":[207],"addition":[209],".":[213],"Hence,":[214],"did":[218],"not":[219,269],"entirely":[220],"offset":[221],"negative":[223,263],"bloom.":[231],"numbers":[236],"response":[238],"treatment":[242],"brought":[243],"about":[244],"mass.":[249],"conclusion,":[251],"ineffectiveness":[253],"its":[262,271],"do":[268],"justify":[270],"further":[272],"use":[273],"improve":[275],"orchards":[283],"Africa.":[286],"Either":[287],"can":[291],"be":[292,301],"used":[293],"will":[298],"need":[299],"accompanied":[302],"pruning":[304],"thinning":[306],"strategies":[307],"achieve":[309],"adequate":[310],"size":[312],"prevent":[315],"onset":[317],"alternate":[319],"bearing":[320],"resulting":[321],"from":[322],"overcropping.":[323]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}