{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098608372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","title":"Brass Casting and its Antecedents in West Africa","display_name":"Brass Casting and its Antecedents in West Africa","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098608372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","mag":"2098608372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021853700015541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3091228","display_name":"The Journal of African History","issn_l":"0021-8537","issn":["0021-8537","1469-5138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of African History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063046988","display_name":"Merrick Posnansky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Merrick Posnansky","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063046988"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32377049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"287","last_page":"300"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13742","display_name":"Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13742","display_name":"Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13019","display_name":"African Studies and Geopolitics","score":0.009700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brass-casting","display_name":"brass casting","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metalworking","display_name":"metalworking","score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-casting","display_name":"iron casting","score":0.3070000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780033417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39782","display_name":"Brass","level":3,"score":0.5871143341064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16635281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496098","display_name":"Casting","level":2,"score":0.5665034055709839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4783743917942047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3425840139389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.3362046480178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.3325779438018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3251394033432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.2583039104938507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23853561282157898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2055085301399231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.19429358839988708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.11016246676445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544778455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753","display_name":"Copper","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0021853700015541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700015541","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3091228","display_name":"The Journal of African History","issn_l":"0021-8537","issn":["0021-8537","1469-5138"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of African History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147700752","https://openalex.org/W374068910","https://openalex.org/W615237654","https://openalex.org/W987270295","https://openalex.org/W1011883701","https://openalex.org/W1969233538","https://openalex.org/W1969739753","https://openalex.org/W1975058327","https://openalex.org/W2003942851","https://openalex.org/W2004782866","https://openalex.org/W2035332493","https://openalex.org/W2072444835","https://openalex.org/W2104718751","https://openalex.org/W2130015271","https://openalex.org/W2137657860","https://openalex.org/W2143344756","https://openalex.org/W2154568517","https://openalex.org/W2243390651","https://openalex.org/W2257528318","https://openalex.org/W2259099276","https://openalex.org/W2323335985","https://openalex.org/W2330266937","https://openalex.org/W2588684456","https://openalex.org/W2801851215","https://openalex.org/W6690376631","https://openalex.org/W6733539462"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972721755","https://openalex.org/W2271568388","https://openalex.org/W2337587813","https://openalex.org/W4252315585","https://openalex.org/W7008250220","https://openalex.org/W37746060","https://openalex.org/W599019236","https://openalex.org/W7005213086","https://openalex.org/W2890917536","https://openalex.org/W2947249733"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}