{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2098518689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","title":"A New Planar Artificial Transmission Line and Its Applications to a Miniaturized Butler Matrix","display_name":"A New Planar Artificial Transmission Line and Its Applications to a Miniaturized Butler Matrix","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2098518689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","mag":"2098518689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068077570","display_name":"Chaowei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3858-3531","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3858-3531"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao-Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064694357","display_name":"Tzyh\u2010Ghuang Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7280-3353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7280-3353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzyh-Ghuang Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101861717","display_name":"Chang\u2010Fa Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8327-5540","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8327-5540"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Fa Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9607,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":226,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97604399,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"12","first_page":"2792","last_page":"2801"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/butler-matrix","display_name":"Butler matrix","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-hybrid-coupler","display_name":"quadrature coupler","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rat-race-coupler","display_name":"rat-race coupler","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupler-miniaturization","display_name":"coupler miniaturization","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uhf-rfid","display_name":"UHF RFID","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-control","display_name":"phase control","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-splitting","display_name":"power splitting","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband-response","display_name":"wideband response","score":0.5479999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639055","display_name":"Microstrip","level":2,"score":0.6582182049751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140311924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Electric power transmission","level":2,"score":0.6063570976257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33441834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693004","display_name":"Transmission line","level":2,"score":0.6032812595367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80185135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417986","display_name":"Hybrid coupler","level":3,"score":0.5733621120452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.530623197555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.5190630555152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96122199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628096","display_name":"Ultra high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5054380893707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4643784761428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125510439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386369","display_name":"Rat-race coupler","level":4,"score":0.45259594917297363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.4386734068393707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.436229407787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.42156997323036194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113805353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424600","display_name":"Impedance parameters","level":3,"score":0.41754189133644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.3937489986419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37568968534469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202988678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417986","display_name":"Power dividers and directional couplers","level":2,"score":0.3488463759422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3458375930786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28226420283317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.17642426490783691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2007.909474","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S198879913","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","issn_l":"0018-9480","issn":["0018-9480","1557-9670"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320754","host_organization_name":"IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2972377320","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.lib.ntust.edu.tw/handle/987654321/27014","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484515253","https://openalex.org/W1529163756","https://openalex.org/W2039271488","https://openalex.org/W2081180450","https://openalex.org/W2107976989","https://openalex.org/W2110696831","https://openalex.org/W2116631006","https://openalex.org/W2118758594","https://openalex.org/W2119512945","https://openalex.org/W2123549742","https://openalex.org/W2130255774","https://openalex.org/W2142170365","https://openalex.org/W2145908627","https://openalex.org/W2154584933","https://openalex.org/W2161779209","https://openalex.org/W2164133409","https://openalex.org/W2166080043","https://openalex.org/W2167407527","https://openalex.org/W4235547147","https://openalex.org/W4299689903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081180450","https://openalex.org/W3056900390","https://openalex.org/W2155940820","https://openalex.org/W4312682982","https://openalex.org/W2169230019","https://openalex.org/W2118758594","https://openalex.org/W2913043770","https://openalex.org/W2861676617","https://openalex.org/W1983159284","https://openalex.org/W2007577018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"miniaturized":[1,96,139],"quadrature":[2,79],"hybrid":[3,80],"coupler,":[4,7],"a":[5,9,15,120,127,162],"rat-race":[6,82],"and":[8,47,50,61,81,87,182,185],"4$\\times$4":[10],"Butler":[11,122,154,172],"matrix":[12,155,173],"based":[13],"on":[14],"newly":[16],"proposed":[17,78,145,171],"planar":[18,37],"artificial":[19,38,146],"transmission":[20,39,147],"line":[21,40],"are":[22,84],"presented":[23],"in":[24,29,133,193],"this":[25],"paper":[26],"for":[27],"application":[28],"ultra-high-frequency":[30],"(UHF)":[31],"radio-frequency":[32],"identification":[33],"(RFID)":[34],"systems.":[35,196],"This":[36],"is":[41,51,156,186],"composed":[42],"of":[43,53,68,76,89,91,130,143,152,159,161],"microstrip":[44,55],"quasi-lumped":[45],"elements":[46],"their":[48],"discontinuities":[49],"capable":[52],"synthesizing":[54],"lines":[56],"with":[57,102,116,140],"various":[58,194],"characteristic":[59],"impedances":[60],"electrical":[62],"lengths.":[63],"At":[64],"the":[65,69,73,77,92,117,141,144,153,170,190],"center":[66],"frequency":[67],"UHF":[70],"RFID":[71,195],"system,":[72],"occupied":[74],"sizes":[75],"couplers":[83,97],"merely":[85,157],"27%":[86],"9%":[88],"those":[90],"conventional":[93,134,163],"designs.":[94],"The":[95,110,149,165],"demonstrate":[98],"well-behaved":[99],"wideband":[100],"responses":[101],"no":[103],"spurious":[104],"harmonics":[105],"up":[106],"to":[107,189],"two":[108],"octaves.":[109],"measured":[111],"results":[112,167],"reveal":[113],"excellent":[114],"agreement":[115],"simulations.":[118],"Additionally,":[119],"4$\\,\\times\\,$4":[121],"matrix,":[123],"which":[124],"may":[125],"occupy":[126],"large":[128],"amount":[129],"circuit":[131,150],"area":[132],"designs,":[135],"has":[136],"been":[137],"successfully":[138],"help":[142],"line.":[148],"size":[151,184],"21%":[158],"that":[160,169],"design.":[164],"experimental":[166],"show":[168],"features":[174],"good":[175],"phase":[176],"control,":[177],"nearly":[178],"equal":[179],"power":[180],"splitting,":[181],"compact":[183],"therefore":[187],"applicable":[188],"reader":[191],"modules":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
