{"id":"https://openalex.org/W209799331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","title":"Optimized Inhalation Aerosols. I. The Effects of Spherical Baffle Size and Position upon the Output of Several Pressurized Nonaqueous Suspension Formulations","display_name":"Optimized Inhalation Aerosols. I. The Effects of Spherical Baffle Size and Position upon the Output of Several Pressurized Nonaqueous Suspension Formulations","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W209799331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","mag":"209799331","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2726678"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1015913500441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103865650","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Research","issn_l":"0724-8741","issn":["0724-8741","1573-904X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmaceutical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112085497","display_name":"Peter R. Byron","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter R. Byron","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0581","College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago","College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington","Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0581","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037950482","display_name":"Richard N. Dalby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard N. Dalby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K","Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Bakewell Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisons plc., Pharmaceutical Division, Research and Development Laboratories, Loughborough, Leicestershire, U.K","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071846305","display_name":"Anthony James Hickey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-9326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-9326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony J. Hickey","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60612","College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois, 60612","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Pharmacy (M/C 880), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4690},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9832,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93083262,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"225","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11651","display_name":"Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12547","display_name":"Pharmaceutical studies and practices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metered-dose-inhaler","display_name":"MDI","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pressurized-aerosols","display_name":"pressurized aerosols","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator-design","display_name":"actuator design","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respirable-fraction","display_name":"respirable fraction","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorbitan-trioleate","display_name":"sorbitan trioleate","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-inertia","display_name":"droplet inertia","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade-impaction","display_name":"cascade impaction","score":0.9079999923706055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131396349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913675","display_name":"Baffle","level":2,"score":0.9151665568351746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.663650393486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.6019302010536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5030130743980408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778230297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141546","display_name":"Sprayer","level":2,"score":0.44522446393966675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105341887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307987","display_name":"Suspension (topology)","level":3,"score":0.4444889426231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.43405666947364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.33264970779418945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1573103368282318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1207442581653595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09492558240890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08712610602378845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5961521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746083","display_name":"Homotopy","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000336","descriptor_name":"Aerosols","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009330","descriptor_name":"Nebulizers and Vaporizers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010316","descriptor_name":"Particle Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1023/a:1015913500441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015913500441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103865650","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Research","issn_l":"0724-8741","issn":["0724-8741","1573-904X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmaceutical Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2726678","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2726678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pharmaceutical research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542932500","https://openalex.org/W1644145415","https://openalex.org/W1969473135","https://openalex.org/W1980323335","https://openalex.org/W1992272872","https://openalex.org/W1992629480","https://openalex.org/W2016406733","https://openalex.org/W2029099315","https://openalex.org/W2032315141","https://openalex.org/W2071230213","https://openalex.org/W2080231872","https://openalex.org/W2084444771","https://openalex.org/W2084541490","https://openalex.org/W2133612023","https://openalex.org/W2328564684","https://openalex.org/W3022903266","https://openalex.org/W3160623172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078395460","https://openalex.org/W2045385011","https://openalex.org/W2080663066","https://openalex.org/W2158294054","https://openalex.org/W2470854182","https://openalex.org/W2141436328","https://openalex.org/W2037411392","https://openalex.org/W1644145415","https://openalex.org/W4387472978","https://openalex.org/W2085465092"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
