{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2097707202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","title":"Effect of Glyphosate Application Timing and Row Spacing on Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) Yields1","display_name":"Effect of Glyphosate Application Timing and Row Spacing on Corn (Zea mays) and Soybean (Glycine max) Yields1","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2097707202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","mag":"2097707202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1614/02-150a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128479783","display_name":"Weed Technology","issn_l":"0890-037X","issn":["0890-037X","1550-2740"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weed Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029072453","display_name":"Caleb D. Dalley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CALEB D. DALLEY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041924182","display_name":"James J. Kells","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-2958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-2958"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JAMES J. KELLS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu","Michigan State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018895302","display_name":"Karen A. Renner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5306-5025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5306-5025"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"KAREN A. RENNER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu","Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former Graduate Research Assistant, Professor, and Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Corresponding author's kells@msu.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018895302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.25,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97435733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"1","first_page":"165","last_page":"176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glyphosate","display_name":"glyphosate","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-application-timing","display_name":"herbicide application timing","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row-spacing","display_name":"row spacing","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-yield","display_name":"maize yield","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean-yield","display_name":"soybean yield","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-competition","display_name":"weed competition","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-density","display_name":"weed density","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-height","display_name":"weed height","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-emergence-herbicides","display_name":"post-emergence herbicides","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abutilon-theophrasti","display_name":"Abutilon theophrasti","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barnyard-grass","display_name":"Echinochloa crus-galli","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-lambsquarters","display_name":"common lambsquarters","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambrosia-artemisiifolia","display_name":"Ambrosia artemisiifolia","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-herbicide-application","display_name":"sequential herbicide application","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall-effects-on-yield","display_name":"rainfall effects on yield","score":0.39500001072883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166085705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4263292","display_name":"Foxtail","level":2,"score":0.9043546915054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909239922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6481006","display_name":"Lambsquarters","level":4,"score":0.8757463097572327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.804176390171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.7697955369949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.6178303956985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407232","display_name":"Glyphosate","level":2,"score":0.5911164879798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776154959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158994","display_name":"Digitaria sanguinalis","level":3,"score":0.5130933523178101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5086966156959534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.45396479964256287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163965","display_name":"Echinochloa","level":3,"score":0.4287184774875641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.42398735880851746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778415121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158094","display_name":"Chenopodium","level":3,"score":0.1525803804397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1614/02-150a","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1614/02-150a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128479783","display_name":"Weed Technology","issn_l":"0890-037X","issn":["0890-037X","1550-2740"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weed Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:10.1614/02-150A","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1614/02-150A","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402358","display_name":"BioOne Complete (BioOne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210111627","host_organization_name":"BioOne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111627"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85298390","https://openalex.org/W1904123859","https://openalex.org/W1972301551","https://openalex.org/W1979121286","https://openalex.org/W1981103722","https://openalex.org/W1988226435","https://openalex.org/W2003828811","https://openalex.org/W2006524429","https://openalex.org/W2013414256","https://openalex.org/W2014178782","https://openalex.org/W2020952058","https://openalex.org/W2030292756","https://openalex.org/W2034601884","https://openalex.org/W2046084248","https://openalex.org/W2053064187","https://openalex.org/W2057731580","https://openalex.org/W2063651376","https://openalex.org/W2072384608","https://openalex.org/W2086088143","https://openalex.org/W2106035787","https://openalex.org/W2166737048","https://openalex.org/W2180870695","https://openalex.org/W2277892008","https://openalex.org/W2281269858","https://openalex.org/W2377926671","https://openalex.org/W2468933562","https://openalex.org/W2507530219","https://openalex.org/W2585478545","https://openalex.org/W2947010404"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2121101500","https://openalex.org/W2107364049","https://openalex.org/W6945073886","https://openalex.org/W2097474350","https://openalex.org/W2212655813","https://openalex.org/W2113756711","https://openalex.org/W2177609080","https://openalex.org/W2175786942","https://openalex.org/W1627813823","https://openalex.org/W2266299721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Corn":[0,175,207],"and":[1,7,19,38,64,76,89,99,115,123,150,167,176,202,240,252],"soybean":[2,106,119,136,177,203,217,241],"were":[3,145,179,192],"planted":[4,96,120,138,182],"in":[5,43,92,97,121,131,139,165,169,173,183,186,204,232,272],"narrow":[6,184],"wide":[8,205],"row":[9,20],"spacings":[10],"to":[11,195],"determine":[12],"the":[13,132,170,228,233,247,258],"effect":[14],"of":[15,188,221,249],"glyphosate":[16,270],"application":[17],"timing":[18,260],"spacing":[21],"on":[22],"crop":[23,387],"yield.":[24,218],"Glyphosate":[25],"was":[26,82,108,137,209,216],"applied":[27],"when":[28,85,111,135,158,181,256],"average":[29],"weed":[30,78,152,198,213,222,225,244,380,382],"canopy":[31],"height":[32,93,223],"reached":[33,87,113,160],"5,":[34],"10,":[35],"15,":[36],"23,":[37],"30":[39,161],"cm.":[40],"Weeds":[41],"present":[42],"these":[44],"studies":[45],"included":[46],"velvetleaf,":[47,343],"redroot":[48,336],"pigweed,":[49,337],"common":[50,52,286,293],"ragweed,":[51,294],"lambsquarters,":[53,287],"jimsonweed,":[54,330],"barnyardgrass,":[55,279],"fall":[56,308],"panicum,":[57,309],"giant":[58,315],"foxtail,":[59,61,63,316,323,350],"yellow":[60,349],"green":[62,322],"eastern":[65,300],"black":[66,301],"nightshade.":[67],"Under":[68,103],"highly":[69],"competitive":[70,147,374],"growing":[71,143,390],"conditions":[72,144],"(below":[73],"normal":[74],"rainfall":[75,149],"high":[77],"density),":[79,153],"corn":[80,95,166,201,239,273],"yield":[81,107,154,208,250],"first":[83,109],"reduced":[84,110],"weeds":[86,112,159],"10":[88],"15":[90,114],"cm":[91,117,162],"with":[94,118],"38-":[98],"76-cm":[100,140],"rows,":[101,125],"respectively.":[102,126],"similar":[104],"conditions,":[105],"23":[116],"19-":[122],"38-cm":[124],"Yield":[127],"losses":[128,155],"occurred":[129,156],"only":[130,157,168],"untreated":[133,171],"control":[134,172],"rows.":[141,206],"When":[142],"less":[146],"(adequate":[148],"lower":[151],"or":[163],"more":[164,193,211],"soybean.":[174],"yields":[178],"higher":[180],"rows":[185],"three":[187],"4":[189],"yr":[190],"but":[191],"susceptible":[194],"early-":[196],"season":[197],"interference":[199,214],"than":[200,215],"affected":[210],"by":[212,224],"The":[219],"product":[220],"density,":[226],"as":[227,267],"independent":[229],"variable,":[230],"resulted":[231],"best":[234],"linear":[235],"fit":[236],"for":[237,261],"both":[238],"yields.":[242],"High":[243],"densities":[245],"increase":[246,276],"risk":[248],"loss":[251],"must":[253],"be":[254],"considered":[255],"determining":[257],"appropriate":[259],"total":[262],"postemergence":[263],"herbicide":[264],"applications":[265,271],"such":[266],"glyphosate.":[268],"Sequential":[269],"did":[274],"not":[275],"yield.Nomenclature:":[277],"Glyphosate;":[278],"Echinochloa":[280],"crus-galli":[281],"(L.)":[282,326,353,366],"Beauv.":[283,327,354],"#3":[284],"ECHCG;":[285],"Chenopodium":[288],"album":[289],"L.":[290,297,333,340,360],"#":[291,298,306,313,320,328,334,341,347,355],"CHEAL;":[292],"Ambrosia":[295],"artemisiifolia":[296],"AMBEL;":[299],"nightshade,":[302],"Solanum":[303],"ptycanthum":[304],"Dun.":[305],"SOLPT;":[307],"Panicum":[310],"dichotomilflorum":[311],"Michx.":[312],"PANDI;":[314],"Setaria":[317,324,351],"faberi":[318],"Herrm.":[319],"SETFA;":[321],"viridis":[325],"SETVI;":[329],"Datura":[331],"stramonium":[332],"DATST;":[335],"Amaranthus":[338],"retroflexus":[339],"AMARE;":[342],"Abutilon":[344],"theophroasti":[345],"Medik.":[346],"ABUTH;":[348],"glauca":[352],"SETLU;":[356],"corn,":[357,377],"Zea":[358],"mays":[359],"\u2018DK":[361],"493RR\u2019;":[362],"soybean,":[363,379],"Glycine":[364],"max":[365],"Merr.":[367],"\u2018Pioneer":[368],"92B71\u2019.Additional":[369],"index":[370],"words:":[371],"Application":[372],"timing,":[373],"load,":[375],"narrow-row":[376,378],"competition,":[381],"interference.Abbreviations:":[383],"DAE,":[384],"days":[385,392],"after":[386,393],"emergence;":[388,394],"GDDAE,":[389],"degree":[391],"POST,":[395],"postemergence;":[396],"SAS,":[397],"Statistical":[398],"Analysis":[399],"Systems.":[400]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}