{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2097548271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","title":"THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN APPLICATION AND AUTUMN MANAGEMENT ON AUTUMN GROWTH, WINTER \u2018BURN\u2019 AND SPRING GROWTH OF LOLIUM PERENNE L. AT ABERYSTWYTH, EDINBURGH AND CAMBRIDGE.","display_name":"THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN APPLICATION AND AUTUMN MANAGEMENT ON AUTUMN GROWTH, WINTER \u2018BURN\u2019 AND SPRING GROWTH OF LOLIUM PERENNE L. AT ABERYSTWYTH, EDINBURGH AND CAMBRIDGE.","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2097548271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","mag":"2097548271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74357050","display_name":"Grass and Forage Science","issn_l":"0142-5242","issn":["0142-5242","1365-2494"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Grass and Forage Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A. H. Charles","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. H. Charles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055628272","display_name":"F. England","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. England","raw_affiliation_strings":["Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103566190","display_name":"Alan J Thomson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. J. Thomson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Welsh Plant Breeding Station, Scottish Plant Breeding Station and Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":4780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4780},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87148218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"4","first_page":"315","last_page":"325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13591","display_name":"Pasture and Agricultural Systems","score":0.9023000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13591","display_name":"Pasture and Agricultural Systems","score":0.9023000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12822","display_name":"Turfgrass Adaptation and Management","score":0.06949999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13628","display_name":"Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement","score":0.02419999986886978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lolium-perenne","display_name":"perennial ryegrass","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fertilization","display_name":"nitrogen fertilization","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-dormancy","display_name":"winter dormancy","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frost-susceptibility","display_name":"frost susceptibility","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultivar-identification","display_name":"cultivar identification","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-growth","display_name":"spring growth","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbage-yield","display_name":"herbage yield","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aberystwyth","display_name":"Aberystwyth","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edinburgh","display_name":"Edinburgh","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cambridge","display_name":"Cambridge","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defoliation-timing","display_name":"defoliation timing","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/winter-damage","display_name":"winter damage","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.7839018702507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.7010027170181274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3527866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162267","display_name":"Dormancy","level":3,"score":0.6058962941169739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4988496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135221","display_name":"Frost (temperature)","level":2,"score":0.5845836400985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777275582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161722","display_name":"Lolium perenne","level":3,"score":0.5793690085411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5426649451255798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4697112441062927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.4118522107601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.4115052819252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4020805060863495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24461792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157957","display_name":"Perennial plant","level":2,"score":0.3067985773086548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2975096106529236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.20848986506462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01395.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74357050","display_name":"Grass and Forage Science","issn_l":"0142-5242","issn":["0142-5242","1365-2494"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Grass and Forage Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964489540","https://openalex.org/W1973100874","https://openalex.org/W1978525001","https://openalex.org/W1986037157","https://openalex.org/W2055367455","https://openalex.org/W2105642394","https://openalex.org/W2108509588","https://openalex.org/W2149448481","https://openalex.org/W2168068238","https://openalex.org/W2172242209","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2168068238","https://openalex.org/W7058552536","https://openalex.org/W2142310408","https://openalex.org/W2012925504","https://openalex.org/W7019907337","https://openalex.org/W4411518130","https://openalex.org/W3209485409","https://openalex.org/W2127951167","https://openalex.org/W2127939898","https://openalex.org/W2142407423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"A":[1],"trial":[2],"was":[3,134,377],"carried":[4],"out":[5],"to":[6,24,96,201,242,248,292],"find":[7],"management":[8,185,233,270],"practices":[9],"which":[10,148,234],"would":[11],"permit":[12],"the":[13,25,33,84,100,106,116,176,202,205,208,211,229,232,256,277,284,296,304,311,323,343,369,383,400,406],"best":[14],"discrimination":[15,217],"for":[16,43,49,341,412],"winter":[17,27,160,237,249],"performance":[18],"of":[19,32,45,78,102,108,113,121,125,129,159,167,175,192,204,228,253,298,306,402],"erennial":[20],"ryegrass":[21],"cultivars.":[22,414],"Due":[23],"mild":[26],"experienced":[28],"only":[29,309],"a":[30],"few":[31],"plants":[34],"were":[35,40,53,94,162,181,260,321,334],"killed":[36],"outright.":[37],"The":[38,110,164,188,390],"cultivars":[39,141,178,219,398],"therefore":[41],"assessed":[42],"percentage":[44,191,305],"green":[46,195,307],"herbage":[47,103,193,254,291,308],"and":[48,58,63,69,89,146,157,186,224,245,330,339,358,361,372,387,394,405],"spring":[50,319,348,354,367],"growth.":[51],"There":[52],"four":[54,230],"sites:":[55],"an":[56],"upland":[57,385],"lowland":[59,279,371],"site":[60,65,280,386],"at":[61,67,105,222,268,276,310,328,350,356,368,382,388],"Aberystwyth":[62,213,278,313,351,370,384],"one":[64],"each":[66],"Edinburgh":[68,223,329,357],"Cambridge.":[70,225,331,359],"At":[71],"all":[72,137],"sites":[73,214,231,262,374],"two":[74,212,312],"N":[75,301,345],"rates":[76],"(totals":[77],"125":[79],"or":[80],"550":[81],"kg/ha":[82],"in":[83,99,115,150,170,196,255,283,318,366,409],"first":[85],"year":[86],"after":[87,295],"sowing)":[88],"5":[90],"autumn":[91,117,152,165,257,285],"cutting":[92],"treatments":[93],"used":[95],"give":[97],"differences":[98,199,317],"amounts":[101],"remaining":[104,194],"onset":[107],"winter.":[109],"last":[111],"dates":[112],"defoliation":[114,282],"were:":[118],"C1":[119],"end":[120,124,128,297],"August;":[122],"C2":[123],"September;":[126],"C3":[127],"October;":[130],"C4":[131],"mid\u2010November;":[132],"C5":[133],"cut":[135],"on":[136,190],"these":[138],"dates.":[139],"Four":[140],"(Grasslands":[142],"Ruanui,":[143],"S321,":[144],"Premo":[145,360,376],"Argo)":[147],"differed":[149],"their":[151,395],"growth":[153],"potential,":[154],"frost":[155],"susceptibility":[156],"degree":[158],"dormancy":[161],"grown.":[163],"yield":[166,320,349,355],"S321":[168,362,381],"was,":[169],"general,":[171],"higher":[172,344,378],"than":[173,220,289,380],"that":[174,240,246],"other":[177],"but":[179,258,352,375],"there":[180,259,333],"interactions":[182,336,396],"with":[183,397],"N,":[184],"location.":[187],"data":[189],"February":[197],"illustrated":[198],"due":[200,241,247],"siting":[203],"trial.":[206],"In":[207,226],"conditions":[209],"prevailing":[210],"facilitated":[215],"greater":[216],"between":[218,337],"those":[221],"three":[227],"produced":[235,271],"most":[236],"\u2018burn\u2019(including":[238],"both":[239],"natural":[243],"senescence":[244],"damage)":[250],"involved":[251],"accumulation":[252],"considerable":[261],"\u00d7":[263],"managements":[264],"interactions.":[265],"For":[266],"example":[267,342],"Cambridge":[269,373],"no":[272],"significant":[273],"effect":[274,288],"whereas":[275],"frequent":[281],"had":[286,363],"more":[287],"allowing":[290],"remain":[293],"uncut":[294],"August.":[299],"High":[300],"significantly":[302],"decreased":[303],"sites.":[314],"Over":[315],"five\u2010fold":[316],"obtained,":[322],"heaviest":[324],"yields":[325,365],"being":[326],"recorded":[327],"However,":[332],"large":[335,391],"environments":[338],"cultivars;":[340],"rate":[346],"reduced":[347],"increased":[353],"similar":[364],"yielding":[379],"Edinburgh.":[389],"environmental":[392],"effects":[393],"illustrate":[399],"difficulties":[401],"cultivar":[403],"assessment":[404],"dangers":[407],"inherent":[408],"national":[410],"recommendations":[411],"grass":[413]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
