{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096918581","doi":null,"title":"Evaluation of herbicides for weed management in maize and their impact on maize grain yield.","display_name":"Evaluation of herbicides for weed management in maize and their impact on maize grain yield.","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096918581","mag":"2096918581"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2096918581","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20123377615.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764665647","display_name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","issn_l":"1815-1094","issn":["1815-1094","2225-7942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033116326","display_name":"Zahid Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0648","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0648"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahid Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-0648","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066175251","display_name":"Fazal Munsif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-4159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-4159"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazal Munsif","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-4159","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100968201","display_name":"Kawsar Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kawsar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029369044","display_name":"Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-6839","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-6839"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abdur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-5384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-5384"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0393-5384","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"333","last_page":"342"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize","display_name":"maize","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-control","display_name":"weed control","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicides","display_name":"herbicides","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-weeding","display_name":"hand weeding","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-competition","display_name":"weed competition","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-grain-yield","display_name":"maize grain yield","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-density","display_name":"weed density","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-biomass","display_name":"weed biomass","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-mortality","display_name":"weed mortality","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atrazine","display_name":"atrazine","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-metolachlor","display_name":"S-metolachlor","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propisochlor","display_name":"propisochlor","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/butachlor","display_name":"butachlor","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acetochlor","display_name":"acetochlor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benefit-cost-ratio","display_name":"benefit-cost ratio","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-damage","display_name":"crop damage","score":0.843999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779543999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419732","display_name":"Acetochlor","level":3,"score":0.7424625754356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779595939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408652","display_name":"Atrazine","level":3,"score":0.6784659624099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.667595624923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.6660966277122498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144938864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Randomized block design","level":2,"score":0.6559997797012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.6542558073997498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780324493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411950","display_name":"Butachlor","level":3,"score":0.5347650647163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.48721736669540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.44846612215042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409598","display_name":"Metolachlor","level":4,"score":0.41741296648979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36323827505111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.13958922028541565}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2096918581","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20123377615.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764665647","display_name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","issn_l":"1815-1094","issn":["1815-1094","2225-7942"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"JOURNAL OF WEED SCIENCE RESEARCH","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172624418","https://openalex.org/W1182584131","https://openalex.org/W1901078116","https://openalex.org/W1983870377","https://openalex.org/W1983940995","https://openalex.org/W2003393783","https://openalex.org/W2024291002","https://openalex.org/W2060232151","https://openalex.org/W2165480918","https://openalex.org/W2595405737","https://openalex.org/W3210928410"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4415671616","https://openalex.org/W2150870868","https://openalex.org/W2209465110","https://openalex.org/W4406681518","https://openalex.org/W4366423642","https://openalex.org/W4309047795","https://openalex.org/W4415208183","https://openalex.org/W3110919527","https://openalex.org/W2187219506","https://openalex.org/W3022672076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Different":[0],"herbicides":[1,67,193,314],"were":[2,68,77],"evaluated":[3],"against":[4],"the":[5,25,32,51,154,158,182,187,192,209,222,248,256,260,313,328,334,381,387],"hand":[6,126,162,188,236,279,295,382],"weeding":[7,127,163,189,237,280,296],"and":[8,14,128,150,198,243,281,297,331,346,353,372,393],"weedy":[9,130,210,284,304,316],"check,":[10],"for":[11,364,400],"weed":[12,137,145,257,274,329,402],"competition":[13],"grain":[15,148,151,288,301,335],"yield":[16,149,289,302,311,336],"of":[17,59,221,228,290,337],"maize.":[18,338],"The":[19,37,74,161,225,307,377],"experiment":[20,38],"was":[21,39,134,174,217,276,292,318,362,385],"carried":[22],"out":[23,41,103],"at":[24,70],"Agricultural":[26],"Research":[27],"Institute":[28],"(Tarnab)":[29],"Peshawar,":[30],"during":[31],"maize":[33,52,147,291],"growing":[34],"season":[35],"2009.":[36],"laid":[40],"in":[42,169,181,219,251,259,278,283,294,298,303,310,380],"randomized":[43],"complete":[44],"block":[45],"design":[46],"with":[47,55],"three":[48],"replications":[49],"using":[50],"variety":[53],"\u201cAzam\u201d":[54],"a":[56,125,129,203],"seed":[57],"rate":[58],"28":[60],"kg":[61,268],"ha":[62,269],"-1":[63,270],".":[64,271],"Seven":[65],"different":[66],"applied":[69,76],"their":[71,200],"recommended":[72,399],"rates.":[73],"treatments":[75,155,262,341,384],"atrazine":[78,86,99],"+":[79,100],"s-metolachlor":[80],"(Primextra":[81],"Gold":[82],"720SC":[83,104,246,367],"as":[84,90,97,105,111,117,123,206,404],"standard),":[85,91],"(Atarazine":[87],"38":[88,374],"SC":[89,180,357,375,392],"smetolachlor":[92],"(Dual":[93],"gold":[94,178,245,355,366,390],"960":[95],"EC":[96,110,116,122,242,396],"stand.),":[98],"propisochlor":[101],"(Weed":[102],"candidate),":[106],"butachlor":[107],"(Client":[108],"90%":[109],"cand.),":[112,118,124],"acetochlor":[113,119],"(Appeal":[114],"99%":[115],"(Acetor":[120],"50%":[121,241],"check":[131,211,285],"treatment.":[132],"Data":[133],"collected":[135],"on":[136],"density":[138,197,330],"m":[139],"-2":[140],",":[141],"mortality":[142,226,253],"percentage,":[143],"fresh":[144],"biomass,":[146],"yield.":[152],"All":[153],"significantly":[156],"affected":[157,195],"checked":[159],"parameters.":[160],"treatment":[164],"has":[165],"been":[166],"mostly":[167],"successful":[168],"all":[170,191],"parameters":[171],"however":[172],"it":[173],"overtaken":[175],"by":[176,312,326,350,369],"Primextra":[177,244,354,365,389],"720":[179,356,391],"cost":[183],"benefit":[184],"ratio.":[185],"Like":[186],"treatment,":[190],"considerably":[194],"weeds":[196,229,252],"reduced":[199],"population":[201],"to":[202,208,322],"significant":[204],"level":[205],"compared":[207],"treatments.":[212,224,286,358,376],"Luckily,":[213],"no":[214],"crop":[215],"injury":[216],"observed":[218],"any":[220],"herbicide":[223,261],"percentage":[227],"ranged":[230,263],"between":[231,264],"74.94":[232],"\u2013":[233,266],"81.84%,":[234],"whereas":[235],"showed":[238,247],"97.2%.":[239],"Acetor":[240,351,370,394],"best":[249],"performance":[250],"percentage.":[254],"Similarly,":[255],"biomass":[258,275,332],"1032":[265],"1416":[267],"However,":[272,359],"lowest":[273,300],"found":[277,319],"highest":[282,343],"Highest":[287],"achieved":[293],"contrary":[299],"control":[305,317,403],"plots.":[306],"overall":[308],"increase":[309],"over":[315],"from":[320],"13.94":[321],"22.08%.":[323],"Herbicides":[324],"thus":[325],"reducing":[327],"increased":[333],"Hand":[339],"weeded":[340,383],"fetched":[342],"gross":[344],"income":[345,348],"added":[347],"followed":[349,368],"50EC":[352,371],"maximum":[360],"CBR":[361,378],"calculated":[363,379],"Atrazine":[373],"though":[386],"lowest.":[388],"50":[395],"are":[397],"therefore":[398],"effective":[401],"pre":[405]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}