{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096866534","doi":null,"title":"211At-methylene blue for targeted radiotherapy of human melanoma xenografts: treatment of micrometastases.","display_name":"211At-methylene blue for targeted radiotherapy of human melanoma xenografts: treatment of micrometastases.","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096866534","mag":"2096866534","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2334899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2334899","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2334899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108213515","display_name":"E. M. Link","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E M Link","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Pathology, University College, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Pathology, University College, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110483469","display_name":"R.N. Carpenter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R N Carpenter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86706114,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"10","first_page":"2963","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11395","display_name":"Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11395","display_name":"Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10782","display_name":"Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11359","display_name":"Effects of Radiation Exposure","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astatine-211","display_name":"astatine-211","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylene-blue","display_name":"methylene blue","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/targeted-radiotherapy","display_name":"targeted radiotherapy","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanoma","display_name":"melanoma","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micrometastasis","display_name":"micrometastases","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xenografts","display_name":"xenografts","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-emitters","display_name":"alpha-emitting radionuclides","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-cell-survival","display_name":"tumor cell survival","score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastasis-prevention","display_name":"metastasis prevention","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-particle-range","display_name":"alpha particle range","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.7388628721237183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.6173880100250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6103325486183167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5031582713127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.46533456444740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.4437769651412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779720271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179422","display_name":"Lymph","level":2,"score":0.4254152476787567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779191827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422134","display_name":"Methylene blue","level":4,"score":0.41724249720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19831878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659446","display_name":"Therapeutic index","level":3,"score":0.4112870693206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3646566867828369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3179037868976593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.23007416725158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.21754735708236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.09485578536987305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001246","descriptor_name":"Astatine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001918","descriptor_name":"Brachytherapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004617","descriptor_name":"Embolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008545","descriptor_name":"Melanoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000532","qualifier_name":"radiotherapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008751","descriptor_name":"Methylene Blue","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008819","descriptor_name":"Mice, Nude","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009362","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Metastasis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009368","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Transplantation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011652","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Circulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2334899","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2334899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2096866534","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2334899","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493302394","https://openalex.org/W1518646184","https://openalex.org/W1904659862","https://openalex.org/W2054249778","https://openalex.org/W2070410659","https://openalex.org/W2102804510","https://openalex.org/W2107534632","https://openalex.org/W2240909569","https://openalex.org/W2615880334","https://openalex.org/W2725658920","https://openalex.org/W4298214576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113383326","https://openalex.org/W2012609706","https://openalex.org/W2126726419","https://openalex.org/W2148817681","https://openalex.org/W1518646184","https://openalex.org/W1998606395","https://openalex.org/W1967993485","https://openalex.org/W2321449695","https://openalex.org/W2095137545","https://openalex.org/W2895822373"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Treatment":[0],"of":[1,3,17,23,41,67,82,93,105,113,120,138,153,161,163,184,208,222],"micrometastases":[2,216],"HX34":[4,71,139],"human":[5],"melanoma":[6,210],"grown":[7],"as":[8,123],"xenografts":[9],"in":[10,75,177,190],"nude":[11],"mice":[12,191],"represents":[13],"an":[14],"advanced":[15],"stage":[16],"preclinical":[18],"investigations":[19],"concerning":[20],"targeted":[21],"radiotherapy":[22],"this":[24],"neoplasm":[25],"using":[26],"3,7-(dimethylamino)phenazathionium":[27],"chloride":[28],"[methylene":[29],"blue":[30],"(MTB)":[31],"labeled":[32],"with":[33,53,170,193,217],"astatine-211":[34],"(211At)":[35],"(alpha-particle":[36],"emitter).":[37],"The":[38,195],"therapeutic":[39,197],"effectiveness":[40],"211At-MTB":[42,68,94,121,202],"administered":[43],"i.v.":[44],"was":[45,132],"determined":[46],"by":[47,125,149,156],"a":[48,54,136,150,159,204],"lung":[49,114,164,174],"colony":[50,130],"assay":[51],"combined":[52],"search":[55],"for":[56],"metastases":[57],"to":[58,77],"organs":[59,178],"other":[60,179],"than":[61,180],"the":[62,70,83,103,111,118,220],"lungs.":[63],"A":[64],"single":[65,209],"dose":[66,101],"lowered":[69],"cell":[72,87],"surviving":[73,127],"fraction":[74,128],"lungs":[76,181],"below":[78,219],"10%":[79],"almost":[80],"independently":[81],"time":[84,104],"interval":[85],"between":[86],"inoculation":[88],"and":[89,92,102,129,158,172,182,215],"radioisotope":[90],"injection":[91],"radioactivity":[95],"within":[96],"its":[97,106],"investigated":[98],"range.":[99],"Radiation":[100],"administration":[107],"did,":[108],"however,":[109],"influence":[110],"size":[112,131],"colonies.":[115],"In":[116],"contrast,":[117],"efficacy":[119,198],"treatment":[122],"assessed":[124],"both":[126],"significantly":[133],"dependent":[134],"on":[135],"number":[137],"cells":[140,168,211],"inoculated":[141],"initially":[142],"into":[143],"mice.":[144],"These":[145],"results":[146],"are":[147],"explained":[148],"short":[151],"range":[152],"alpha-particles":[154],"emitted":[155],"211At":[157],"mechanism":[160],"growth":[162],"colonies":[165],"from":[166],"tumor":[167],"circulating":[169],"blood":[171,214],"blocking":[173],"capillaries.":[175],"Metastases":[176],"characteristic":[183],"control":[185],"animals":[186],"were":[187],"not":[188],"found":[189],"treated":[192],"211At-MTB.":[194],"high":[196],"achieved":[199],"proved":[200],"that":[201],"is":[203],"very":[205],"efficient":[206],"scavenger":[207],"distributed":[212],"through":[213],"sizes":[218],"limit":[221],"clinical":[223],"detection.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}